TSPAN1 inhibits metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via suppressing NF-kB signaling.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) originates in the epithelial cells of the nasopharynx and is a common malignant tumor in southern China and Southeast Asia. Metastasis of NPC remains the main cause of death for NPC patients even though the tumor is sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Here, we found that the transmembrane protein tetraspanin1 (TSPAN1) potently inhibited the in vitro migration and invasion, as well as, the in vivo metastasis of NPC cells via interacting with the IKBB protein. In addition, TSPAN1 was essential in preventing the overactivation of the NF-kB pathway in TSPAN1 overexpressing NPC cells. Furthermore, reduced TSPAN1 expression was associated with NPC metastasis and the poor prognosis of NPC patients. These results uncovered the suppressive role of TSPAN1 against NF-kB signaling in NPC cells for preventing NPC metastasis. Its therapeutic value warrants further investigation.

Design, Synthesis, Fungicidal and Insecticidal Activities of Novel Diamide Compounds Combining Pyrazolyl and Polyfluoro-Substituted Phenyl into Alanine or 2-Aminobutyric Acid Skeletons.

Thirty novel diamide compounds combining pyrazolyl and polyfluoro-substituted phenyl groups into alanine or 2-aminobutyric acid skeletons were designed and synthesized with pyflubumide as the lead compound to develop potent and environmentally friendly pesticides. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that the new compounds containing the para-hexa/heptafluoroisopropylphenyl moiety exhibit fungicidal, insecticidal, and acaricidal activities. This is the first time that the para-hexa/heptafluoroisopropylphenyl group is a key fragment of the fungicidal activity of new N-phenyl amide compounds. Most of the target compounds exhibited moderate to good insecticidal activity against Aphis craccivora at a concentration of 400 µg/mL, and some showed moderate activity at a concentration of 200 µg/mL; in particular, compounds I-4, II-a-10, and III-26 displayed higher than 78% lethal rates at 200 µg/mL. Compound II-a-14 exhibited a 61.1% inhibition at 200 µg/mL for Tetranychus cinnabarinus. In addition, some of the target compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella at a concentration of 200 µg/mL; the mortalities of compounds I-1, and II-a-15 were 76.7% and 70.0%, respectively. Preliminary analysis of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) indicated that the insecticidal and acaricidal activities varied significantly depending on the type of substituent and substitution pattern. The fungicidal activity results showed that compounds I-1, II-a-10, II-a-17, and III-26 exhibited good antifungal effects. Enzymatic activity experiments and in vivo efficacy of compound II-a-10 were conducted and discussed.

[Exploration of emulsifying material basis of Angelicae Sinensis Radix volatile oil based on partial least squares and hydrophile-lipophile balance value].

This study explores the emulsifying material basis of Angelicae Sinensis Radix volatile oil (ASRVO) based on partial least squares (PLS) method and hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) value.The turbidity of ASRVO emulsion samples from Gansu,Yunnan,and Qinghai was determined and the chemical components in the emulsion were analyzed by GC-MS.The PLS model was established with the chemical components as the independent variable and the turbidity as the dependent variable and evaluated with indexes R~2X and R~2Y.The chemical components which were in positive correlation with the turbidity were selected and the HLB values were calculated to determine the emulsification material basis of ASRVO.The PLS models for the 81 emulsion samples had high R~2X and R~2Y values,which showed good fitting ability.Seven chemical components,2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol,trans-ligustilide,3-butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone,dodecane,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexene,trans-beta-ocimene,and decane,had positive correlation with turbidity.Particularly,the HLB value of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol was 4.4,which was the HLB range of surfactants to be emulsifiers and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol was positively correlated with turbidity of the ASRVO emulsion samples from the main producing area.Therefore,2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol was the emulsifying material basis of ASRVO.The selected emulsifying substances can lay a foundation for exploring the emulsification mechanism and demulsification solution of ASRVO.

[Research progress on antibacterial activity of herbal volatile oil].

Due to worldwide abuse of chemical antibiotics and continuous emergence of "superbugs", the harm of bacterial drug resistance to human beings has become more and more serious. Therefore, it is of great significance to look for green antibiotics with a wide range of sources, broad antibacterial spectrum, non-toxicity or low toxicity, environmentally friendliness, diverse active components and low drug resistance. The volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine is a kind of volatile oily liquid that exists in plants and can be distilled with steam and immiscible with water. Because of its good potential to resist drug-resistant pathogens, it is widely used in food, medicine and other fields. This paper summarized the antibacterial advantages and characteristics of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine, and the antibacterial effect and antibacterial mechanism of combined application of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine, in order to provide some theoretical basis and study ideas for solving the problem of bacterial drug resistance and developing natural and green antibiotics.

[Mechanism of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil in treatment of slow transit constipation based on network pharmacology].

To construct the active component-action target network diagram and protein-protein interaction(PPI) network diagram of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil, so as to explore the mechanism of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil in the treatment of slow transit constipation(STC) by analyzing the functions and pathways involved in the target. The chemical constituents of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The targets of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil were studied by PubChem, TCMSP, STITCH and Swiss Target Prediction. OMIM, Genecards-Search Resuits and TTD were used to screen out the targets of Slow Transit Constipation. The active component-action targets and PPI network diagram were constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. The target organ distribution was analyzed by BioGPS database. GO and KEGG pathways involved in the targets were analyzed by R language. The molecular docking between the components and the targets was verified by Discovery Studio 2.5 software. Finally, 15 volatile oil compounds from Aurantii Fructus Immaturus were detected, and 115 targets of volatile oil in the treatment of STC were predicted. GO enrichment analysis showed that the activity of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil mainly involved blood circulation, circulation system process, response to steroid hormone, signal release and other biological processes. There were 23 KEGG enrichment pathways, among which Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cAMP signaling pathway, Endocrine resistance, Calcium signaling pathway and Serotonergic synapse pathways played a significant role in STC. The results of molecular docking showed that relevant target proteins for the treatment of STC were ACHE, PTGS2, SLC6 A2 and CNR2.The multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathwaycharacteristics of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil were revealed by network pharmacology, which provided a new therapeutic idea and method for the further study of the mechanism of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil in the treatment of STC.

Case report of pulmonary endometriosis and review of the literature.

Pulmonary endometriosis is a rare form of thoracic endometriosis. We herein describe a 29-year-old woman with recurrent hemoptysis associated with her menstrual cycle. The patient had a 4-month history of catamenial hemoptysis without thoracic pain, respiratory embarrassment, cough, fever, night sweating, or loss of appetite. Chest computed tomography revealed exudation shadows in the right lower pulmonary lobe and small fiber lesions in the right middle lobe and left lung. Thoracoscopic wedge resection of the right lower pulmonary lobe was performed, and the pathological result was pulmonary endometriosis. No evidence of hemoptysis during menstruation was found following the operation.

Granular cell tumor: A report of three cases and review of literature.

OBJECTIVE: In order to improve the understanding of granular cell tumor and avoid missing the best time of treatment, we report three patients with rare granular cell tumors admitted to our hospital in the past 10 years. METHODS: The characteristics, methods of treatment, postoperative pathological results and follow-up results of three cases of granular cell tumor were analyzed; and literatures related to granular cell tumors were reviewed. RESULTS: All patients underwent surgical treatment, and the excised lesions were sent to the laboratory for testing. Postoperative pathological results were as follows: granular cell tumor of the vulva, granular cell tumor within the sheath of the rectus muscle, and granular cell tumor in the left cubit nerve. All three cases were benign, and no recurrence was found during follow-ups after the operation. CONCLUSION: Granular cell tumors are rare tumors derived from the nerve sheath, are mostly benign tumors, and the incidence of malignancy is 2%. The gold standard for diagnosis of granular cell tumor is histopathology. Granular cell tumor is not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and needs to be surgically removed. Since this disease may have no solid lesions and tumor cells can infiltrate local tissues, based on the full excision of the lesion, the extent of resection may be extended to areas without infiltration. This disease has a possibility of recurrence, and patients need to be followed-up.

[Anesthesia management in robotic-assisted esophagectomy with triple incisions: analysis of 53 cases].

Between March, 2016 and January, 2017, 53 patients underwent robotic-assisted esophagectomy with triple incisions. All the patients were intubated with Double lumen endotracheal tub with one-lung ventilation and CO2 pneumoperitoneum, and CO2 pneumothorax was used in 7 cases. Most of the patients could tolerate OLV and CO2 pneumoperitoneum, and 4 patients with CO2 pneumothorax had hypoxemia and required double-lung ventilation or high frequency ventilation; 15 patients developed postoperative pulmonary complications and were transferred to ICU. These results suggest that CO2 pneumothorax during robotic-assisted esophagectomy with triple incision seriously disturbs pulmonary function, and careful anesthesia management is essential for preventing complications.

Morphine, a potential antagonist of cisplatin cytotoxicity, inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis and suppression of tumor growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts.

Morphine is an opioid analgesic drug often used for pain relief in cancer patients. However, there is growing evidence that morphine may modulate tumor growth, progression and metastasis. In this study, we evaluated whether morphine modulates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells and whether morphine affects the antitumor activity of cisplatin on tumor growth in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 xenografts in nude mice. We showed that a pretreatment with morphine (1 µg/ml) inhibited the sensitivity of CNE-2 cells to cisplatin by inhibiting cisplatin-induced CNE-2 cell apoptosis, decreasing caspase-3 activity and increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. However, a high dose of morphine (1000 µg/ml) had the opposite effect. We also showed that at a low dose, morphine enhances chemoresistance in an in vivo nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) model by inhibiting cisplatin-induced apoptosis and decreasing neovascularization. Taken together, our results indicate that a low dose of morphine may lead to chemoresistance of cisplatin in NPC models in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting cisplatin-induced apoptosis and decreasing neovascularization.

Paclitaxel-induced lung injury and its amelioration by parecoxib sodium.

To investigate the mechanism of paclitaxel-induced lung injury and its amelioration by parecoxib sodium. In this study, rats were randomly divided into: the control group (Con); the paclitaxel chemotherapy group (Pac); the paclitaxel+ parecoxib sodium intervention group (Pac + Pare); and the parecoxib sodium group (Pare). We observed changes in alveolar ventilation function, alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, lung tissue pathology and measured the levels of inflammatory cytokines and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) in lung tissue, the expression of tight junction proteins (Zo-1 and Claudin-4). Compared with the Con group, the lung tissue of the Pac group showed significantly increased expression of Cox-2 protein (p < 0.01), significant lung tissue inflammatory changes, significantly increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, decreased expression of Zo-1 and Claudin-4 proteins (p < 0.01), increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability (p < 0.01), and reduced ventilation function (p < 0.01). Notably, in Pac + Pare group, intraperitoneal injection of parecoxib sodium led to decreased Cox-2 and ICAM-1 levels and reduced inflammatory responses, the recovered expression of Zo-1 and Claudin-4, reduced level of indicators reflecting the high permeability state, and close-to-normal levels of ventilation function. Intervention by the Cox-2-specific inhibitor parecoxib sodium can block this damage.