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1.
J Transl Med ; 22(1): 655, 2024 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39004706

RESUMO

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is a viable therapeutic option for women diagnosed locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). However, the factors influencing pathological response are still controversial. We collected pair specimens of 185 LACC patients before and after receiving NACT and conducted histological evaluation. 8 fresh tissues pre-treatment were selected from the entire cohort to conducted immune gene expression profiling. A novel pathological grading system was established by comprehensively assessing the percentages of viable tumor, inflammatory stroma, fibrotic stroma, and necrosis in the tumor bed. Then, 185 patients were categorized into either the good pathological response (GPR) group or the poor pathological response (PPR) group post-NACT, with 134 patients (72.4%, 134/185) achieving GPR. Increasing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes volume (TILV) pre-treatment were correlated with GPR, with TILV emerging as an independent predictive factor for GPR. Additionally, CIBERSORT analysis revealed noteworthy differences in the expression of immune makers between cPR and non-cPR group. Furthermore, a significantly heightened density of CD8 + T cells and a reduced density of FOXP3 + T cells were observed in GPR than PPR. Importantly, patients exhibiting GPR or inflammatory type demonstrated improved overall survival and disease-free survival. Notably, stromal type was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. Our study indicates the elevated TILV in pre-treatment specimens may predict a favorable response to NACT, while identifying stromal type in post-treatment specimens as an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, we proposed this pathological grading system in NACT patients, which may offer a more comprehensive understanding of treatment response and prognosis.


Assuntos
Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/imunologia , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Idoso , Intervalo Livre de Doença
2.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 20(1): 2343192, 2024 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38745409

RESUMO

To summarize the distribution of types of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with HPV-related diseases and investigate the potential causes of high prevalence of HPV 52 and 58 by summarizing the prevalence of lineages, sub-lineages, and mutations among Chinese women. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, and WanFang from January, 2012 to June, 2023 to identify all the eligible studies. We excluded patients who had received HPV vaccinations. Data were summarized in tables and cloud/rain maps. A total of 102 studies reporting HPV distribution and 15 studies reporting HPV52/HPV58 variants were extracted. Among Chinese women, the top five prevalent HPV types associated with cervical cancer (CC) were HPV16, 18, 58, 52, and 33. In patients with vaginal cancers and precancerous lesions, the most common HPV types were 16 and 52 followed by 58. For women with condyloma acuminatum (CA), the most common HPV types were 11 and 6. In Chinese women with HPV infection, lineage B was the most prominently identified for HPV52, and lineage A was the most common for HPV58. In addition to HPV types 16, which is prevalent worldwide, our findings revealed the unique high prevalence of HPV 52/58 among Chinese women with HPV-related diseases. HPV 52 variants were predominantly biased toward lineage B and sub-lineage B2, and HPV 58 variants were strongly biased toward lineage A and sub-lineage A1. Further investigations on the association between the high prevalent lineage and sub-lineage in HPV 52/58 and the risk of cancer risk are needed. Our findings underscore the importance of vaccination with the nine-valent HPV vaccine in China.


Assuntos
Infecções por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , China/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/classificação , Genótipo , Neoplasias Vaginais/virologia , Neoplasias Vaginais/epidemiologia , Condiloma Acuminado/virologia , Condiloma Acuminado/epidemiologia
3.
Eur Radiol ; 33(10): 6781-6793, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37148350

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the ability of a preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT)-based radiomics nomogram to differentiate benign and malignant primary retroperitoneal tumors (PRT). METHODS: Images and data from 340 patients with pathologically confirmed PRT were randomly placed into training (n = 239) and validation sets (n = 101). Two radiologists independently analyzed all CT images and made measurements. Key characteristics were identified through least absolute shrinkage selection combined with four machine-learning classifiers (support vector machine, generalized linear model, random forest, and artificial neural network back propagation) to create a radiomics signature. Demographic data and CECT characteristics were analyzed to formulate a clinico-radiological model. Independent clinical variables were merged with the best-performing radiomics signature to develop a radiomics nomogram. The discrimination capacity and clinical value of three models were quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC), accuracy, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: The radiomics nomogram was able to consistently differentiate between benign and malignant PRT in the training and validation datasets, with AUCs of 0.923 and 0.907, respectively. Decision curve analysis manifested that the nomogram achieved higher clinical net benefits than did separate use of the radiomics signature and clinico-radiological model. CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative nomogram is valuable for differentiating between benign and malignant PRT; it can also aid in treatment planning. KEY POINTS: • A noninvasive and accurate preoperative determination of benign and malignant PRT is crucial to identifying suitable treatments and predicting disease prognosis. • Associating the radiomics signature with clinical factors facilitates differentiation of malignant from benign PRT with improved diagnostic efficacy (AUC) and accuracy from 0.772 to 0.907 and from 0.723 to 0.842, respectively, compared with the clinico-radiological model alone. • For some PRT with anatomically special locations and when biopsy is extremely difficult and risky, a radiomics nomogram may provide a promising preoperative alternative for distinguishing benignity and malignancy.


Assuntos
Radiologia , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais , Humanos , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnóstico por imagem , Nomogramas , Área Sob a Curva , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
J Med Virol ; 95(3): e28605, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36815510

RESUMO

Endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA), harboring poor prognosis, is divided into human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated adenocarcinoma (HPVA) and non-HPVA (NHPVA), each consisting of a heterogeneous immune microenvironment. We aim to examine the effect of CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain 6 (CMTM6), a key regulator of PD-L1, on ECA. Immunohistochemistry and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) were used to detect CMTM6, Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and immune cells biomarkers levels in tumors. RT-qPCR and Western Blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein level changed in cells. The expression of CMTM6 in ECA is upregulated compared to cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues. More infiltrating T cells were observed in CMTM6high ECA tissues, especially in CMTM6high HPVA. Higher expression of CMTM6 is associated with a higher rate of infiltrating CD8+ T cells in HPVA, but not in NHPVA. ECA patients were divided into three groups according to the co-expression status of CMTM6 and PD-L1(CPS) . Patients with CMTM6high /PD-L1(CPS+) had the longest OS and DFS, especially in NHPVA patients. Moreover, knock down of CMTM6 promotes ECA cell proliferation via the p53 pathway. CMTM6 recruits T cells, suppresses ECA cell proliferation via the p53 pathway and can be used as a novel prognostic indicator for ECA patients.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Feminino , Humanos , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/análise , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos , Proliferação de Células , Microambiente Tumoral
5.
Asian J Androl ; 25(4): 474-483, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36537377

RESUMO

Cyclophosphamide-induced testosterone deficiency (CPTD) during the treatment of cancers and autoimmune disorders severely influences the quality of life of patients. Currently, several guidelines recommend patients suffering from CPTD receive testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). However, TRT has many disadvantages underscoring the requirement for alternative, nontoxic treatment strategies. We previously reported bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (BMSCs-exos) could alleviate cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction, highlighting their role in the treatment of male reproductive disorders. Therefore, we further investigated whether BMSCs-exos affect autophagy and testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells (LCs). Here, we examined the effects and probed the molecular mechanisms of BMSCs-exos on CPTD in vivo and in vitro by detecting the expression levels of genes and proteins related to autophagy and testosterone synthesis. Furthermore, the testosterone concentration in serum and cell-conditioned medium, and the photophosphorylation protein levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were measured. Our results suggest that BMSCs-exos could be absorbed by LCs through the blood-testis barrier in mice, promoting autophagy in LCs and improving the CP-induced low serum testosterone levels. BMSCs-exos inhibited cell death in CP-exposed LCs, regulated the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway to promote autophagy in LCs, and then improved the low testosterone synthesis ability of CP-induced LCs. Moreover, the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), significantly reversed the therapeutic effects of BMSCs-exos. These findings suggest that BMSCs-exos promote LC autophagy by regulating the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby ameliorating CPTD. This study provides novel evidence for the clinical improvement of CPTD using BMSCs-exos.


Assuntos
Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP , Exossomos , Camundongos , Masculino , Animais , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Exossomos/metabolismo , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/metabolismo , Qualidade de Vida , Transdução de Sinais , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Autofagia/fisiologia , Testosterona/metabolismo , Mamíferos
6.
Front Immunol ; 13: 946209, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36569837

RESUMO

Background: Plasma cells as an important component of immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in immune escape and are closely related to immune therapy response. However, its role for prostate cancer is rarely understood. In this study, we intend to investigate the value of a new plasma cell molecular subtype for predicting the biochemical recurrence, immune escape and immunotherapy response in prostate cancer. Methods: Gene expression and clinicopathological data were collected from 481 prostate cancer patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas. Then, the immune characteristics of the patients were analyzed based on plasma cell infiltration fractions. The unsupervised clustering based machine learning algorithm was used to identify the molecular subtypes of the plasma cell. And the characteristic genes of plasma cell subtypes were screened out by three types of machine learning models to establish an artificial neural network for predicting plasma cell subtypes. Finally, the prediction artificial neural network of plasma cell infiltration subtypes was validated in an independent cohort of 449 prostate cancer patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Results: The plasma cell fraction in prostate cancer was significantly decreased in tumors with high T stage, high Gleason score and lymph node metastasis. In addition, low plasma cell fraction patients had a higher risk of biochemical recurrence. Based on the differential genes of plasma cells, plasma cell infiltration status of PCa patients were divided into two independent molecular subtypes(subtype 1 and subtype 2). Subtype 1 tends to be immunosuppressive plasma cells infiltrating to the PCa region, with a higher likelihood of biochemical recurrence, more active immune microenvironment, and stronger immune escape potential, leading to a poor response to immunotherapy. Subsequently, 10 characteristic genes of plasma cell subtype were screened out by three machine learning algorithms. Finally, an artificial neural network was constructed by those 10 genes to predict the plasma cell subtype of new patients. This artificial neural network was validated in an independent validation set, and the similar results were gained. Conclusions: Plasma cell infiltration subtypes could provide a potent prognostic predictor for prostate cancer and be an option for potential responders to prostate cancer immunotherapy.


Assuntos
Inteligência Artificial , Neoplasias da Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Plasmócitos , Algoritmos , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Neoplasias da Próstata/terapia , Imunoterapia , Microambiente Tumoral/genética
7.
Front Oncol ; 12: 897676, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35814362

RESUMO

Objectives: To build and evaluate a deep learning radiomics nomogram (DLRN) for preoperative prediction of lung metastasis (LM) status in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: In total, 242 patients with STS (training set, n=116; external validation set, n=126) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging were retrospectively enrolled in this study. We identified independent predictors for LM-status and evaluated their performance. The minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) method and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were adopted to screen radiomics features. Logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, support vector machine (SVM), and adaptive boosting classifiers were compared for their ability to predict LM. To overcome the imbalanced distribution of the LM data, we retrained each machine-learning classifier using the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE). A DLRN combining the independent clinical predictors with the best performing radiomics prediction signature (mRMR+LASSO+SVM+SMOTE) was established. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the performance and clinical applicability of the models. Result: Comparisons of the AUC values applied to the external validation set revealed that the DLRN model (AUC=0.833) showed better prediction performance than the clinical model (AUC=0.664) and radiomics model (AUC=0.799). The calibration curves indicated good calibration efficiency and the DCA showed the DLRN model to have greater clinical applicability than the other two models. Conclusion: The DLRN was shown to be an accurate and efficient tool for LM-status prediction in STS.

8.
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue ; 28(4): 295-300, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37477449

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of exosomes derived from mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) on the injury of TM3 Leydig cells induced by cyclophosphamide (CP). METHODS: The exosomes from BMSCs were extracted by ultrahigh speed centrifugation, and their particle size and morphology observed under the electron microscope, and their typical marker proteins examined by Western blot. The uptake of exosomes by TM3 Leydig cells was observed by co-culturing the exosomes with the TM3 cells. The viability and apoptosis rate of the TM3 cells in the normal control, CP-induction and CP+exosomes groups were detected using the CCK-8 method and flow cytometry respectively. ELISA was used to measure the testosterone (T) level in the cell supernatant, and Western blot adopted to determine the expression level of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein, a key enzyme related to T synthesis. RESULTS: The viability of the TM3 Leydig cells was markedly decreased and the apoptosis rate of the cells remarkably increased in the CP-induction group compared with that in the normal control, but both significantly restored after co-culture with exosomes (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). The T level in the supernatant and the expression of the StAR protein in the cells were lower in the CP-induction than in the normal control group, but both dramatically increased in the CP+exosomes group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Exosomes from BMSCs and protect TM3 Leydig cells from cyclophosphamide-induced injury and restore the level of testosterone secreted by the TM3 cells to a certain extent.


Assuntos
Exossomos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Masculino , Camundongos , Animais , Células Intersticiais do Testículo , Testosterona , Apoptose , Células da Medula Óssea
9.
Cell ; 184(9): 2362-2371.e9, 2021 04 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33735608

RESUMO

The 501Y.V2 variants of SARS-CoV-2 containing multiple mutations in spike are now dominant in South Africa and are rapidly spreading to other countries. Here, experiments with 18 pseudotyped viruses showed that the 501Y.V2 variants do not confer increased infectivity in multiple cell types except for murine ACE2-overexpressing cells, where a substantial increase in infectivity was observed. Notably, the susceptibility of the 501Y.V2 variants to 12 of 17 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies was substantially diminished, and the neutralization ability of the sera from convalescent patients and immunized mice was also reduced for these variants. The neutralization resistance was mainly caused by E484K and N501Y mutations in the receptor-binding domain of spike. The enhanced infectivity in murine ACE2-overexpressing cells suggests the possibility of spillover of the 501Y.V2 variants to mice. Moreover, the neutralization resistance we detected for the 501Y.V2 variants suggests the potential for compromised efficacy of monoclonal antibodies and vaccines.


Assuntos
COVID-19/imunologia , COVID-19/virologia , Evasão da Resposta Imune , SARS-CoV-2/patogenicidade , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2/metabolismo , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Anticorpos Neutralizantes/imunologia , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Mutação/genética , SARS-CoV-2/genética
10.
Signal Transduct Target Ther ; 5(1): 219, 2020 10 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33024082

RESUMO

Convalescent plasma (CP) transfusion has been indicated as a promising therapy in the treatment for other emerging viral infections. However, the quality control of CP and individual variation in patients in different studies make it rather difficult to evaluate the efficacy and risk of CP therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to explore the potential efficacy of CP therapy, and to assess the possible factors associated with its efficacy. We enrolled eight critical or severe COVID-19 patients from four centers. Each patient was transfused with 200-400 mL of CP from seven recovered donors. The primary indicators for clinical efficacy assessment were the changes of clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters, and radiological image after CP transfusion. CP donors had a wide range of antibody levels measured by serology tests which were to some degree correlated with the neutralizing antibody (NAb) level. No adverse events were observed during and after CP transfusion. Following CP transfusion, six out of eight patients showed improved oxygen support status; chest CT indicated varying degrees of absorption of pulmonary lesions in six patients within 8 days; the viral load was decreased to a negative level in five patients who had the previous viremia; other laboratory parameters also tended to improve, including increased lymphocyte counts, decreased C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and indicators for liver function. The clinical efficacy might be associated with CP transfusion time, transfused dose, and the NAb levels of CP. This study indicated that CP might be a potential therapy for severe patients with COVID-19.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Neutralizantes/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Betacoronavirus/patogenicidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Betacoronavirus/imunologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , COVID-19 , Teste para COVID-19 , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Coronavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/patologia , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização Passiva/métodos , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia Viral/imunologia , Pneumonia Viral/patologia , Pró-Calcitonina/sangue , SARS-CoV-2 , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Carga Viral , Soroterapia para COVID-19
11.
J Nat Prod ; 83(2): 202-209, 2020 02 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32049520

RESUMO

Dithiolopyrrolones are microbial natural products containing a disulfide or thiosulfonate bridge embedded in a unique bicyclic structure. By interfering with zinc ion homeostasis in living cells, they show strong antibacterial activity against a variety of bacterial pathogens, as well as potent cytotoxicity against human cancer cells. In the current study, two new dithiolopyrrolones, pyrroloformamide C (3) and pyrroloformamide D (4), were isolated from Streptomyces sp. CB02980, together with the known pyrroloformamides 1 and 2. The biosynthetic gene cluster for pyrroloformamides was identified from Streptomyces sp. CB02980, which shared high sequence similarity with those of dithiolopyrrolones, including holomycin and thiolutin. Gene replacement of pyfE, which encodes a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), abolished the production of 1-4. Overexpression of pyfN, a type II thioesterase gene, increased the production of 1 and 2. Genome neighborhood network analysis of the characterized and orphan gene clusters of dithiolopyrrolones revealed a unified mechanism for their biosynthesis, involving an iterative-acting NRPS and a set of conserved tailoring enzymes for the bicyclic core formation.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Produtos Biológicos/química , Formamidas/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/isolamento & purificação , Lactamas/química , Peptídeo Sintases/genética , Antibacterianos/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Formamidas/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/química , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Família Multigênica , Peptídeo Sintases/química , Streptomyces/química , Streptomyces/genética
12.
Lancet ; 386(10002): 1457-64, 2015 Oct 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26142048

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common gastric pathogens, affecting at least half the world's population, and is strongly associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and lymphoma. We aimed to assess the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of a three-dose oral recombinant H pylori vaccine in children in China. METHODS: We did this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial at one centre in Ganyu County, Jiangsu Province, China. Healthy children aged 6-15 years without past or present H pylori infection were randomly assigned (1:1), via computer-generated randomisation codes in blocks of ten, to receive the H pylori vaccine or placebo. Participants, their guardians, and study investigators were masked to treatment allocation. The primary efficacy endpoint was the occurrence of H pylori infection within 1 year after vaccination. We did analysis in the per-protocol population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02302170. FINDINGS: Between Dec 2, 2004, and March 19, 2005, we randomly assigned 4464 participants to either the vaccine group (n=2232) or the placebo group (n=2232), of whom 4403 (99%) participants completed the three-dose vaccination schedule and were included in the per-protocol efficacy analysis. We extended follow-up to 3 years. We recorded 64 events of H pylori infection within the first year (14 events in 2074·3 person-years at risk in the vaccine group vs 50 events in 2089·6 person-years at risk in the placebo group), resulting in a vaccine efficacy of 71·8% (95% CI 48·2-85·6). 157 (7%) participants in the vaccine group and 161 (7%) participants in the placebo group reported at least one adverse reaction. Serious adverse events were reported in five (<1%) participants in the vaccine group and seven (<1%) participants in the placebo group, but none was considered to be vaccination related. INTERPRETATION: The oral recombinant H pylori vaccine was effective, safe, and immunogenic in H pylori-naive children. This vaccine could substantially reduce the incidence of H pylori infection; however, follow up over a longer period is needed to confirm the protection of the vaccine against H pylori-associated diseases. FUNDING: Chongqing Kangwei Biological Technology.


Assuntos
Vacinas Bacterianas/administração & dosagem , Infecções por Helicobacter/prevenção & controle , Helicobacter pylori/imunologia , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Vacinas Bacterianas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Bacterianas/imunologia , Criança , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Infecções por Helicobacter/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Ativa/imunologia , Masculino , Proteínas Recombinantes , Fatores Sexuais , Resultado do Tratamento
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