MiRNA polymorphisms affect the prognosis of gastric cancer: insights from Xianyou, Fujian.

Introduction: Gastric cancer, characterized by high incidence and substantial disease burden, has drawn continuous attention regarding its occurrence and prognosis. Genetics plays a crucial role in influencing the prognosis of gastric cancer, and single nucleotide polymorphisms are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of this malignant tumor. Our study aims to conduct survival analysis on patients carrying different single nucleotide polymorphisms, exploring the relationship between miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms and the prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods: Genetic data from 344 patients in Xianyou, Fujian, formed the basis of our study. We delineated the survival rate and median survival time, utilizing the log-rank test and COX regression analysis as statistical tools. Results: Upon stratifying the data by sex or operation, it was discerned that the GG genotype at MSH2 rs17502941 independently posed a heightened risk for gastric cancer. Other stratification analyses suggested that the subsequent single nucleotide polymorphisms were correlated with patient prognosis: rs17502941, rs884225, rs1468063, rs7143252, and rs2271738. Discussion: The outcomes of this study strongly suggest that miRNA polymorphisms significantly influence the survival time of gastric cancer patients and can serve as effective predictors for the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Synergistic Modification of Polyformaldehyde by Biobased Calcium Magnesium Bi-Ionic Melamine Phytate with Intumescent Flame Retardant.

Intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) are mainly composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine (ME), and some macromolecular char-forming agents. The traditional IFR still has some defects in practical application, such as poor compatibility with the matrix and low flame-retardant efficiency. In order to explore the best balance between flame retardancy and mechanical properties of flame-retardant polyformaldehyde (POM) composite, a biobased calcium magnesium bi-ionic melamine phytate (DPM) synergist was prepared based on renewable biomass polyphosphate phytic acid (PA), and its synergistic system with IFRs was applied to an intumescent flame-retardant POM system. POM/IFR systems can only pass the V-1 grade of the vertical combustion test (UL-94) if they have a limited oxygen index (LOI) of only 48.5%. When part of an IFR was replaced by DPM, the flame retardancy of the composite was significantly improved, and the POM/IFR/4 wt%DPM system reached the V-0 grade of UL-94, and the LOI reached 59.1%. Compared with pure POM, the PkHRR and THR of the POM/IFR/4 wt%DPM system decreased by 61.5% and 51.2%, respectively. Compared with the POM/IFR system, the PkHRR and THR of the POM/IFR/4 wt%DPM system were decreased by 20.8% and 27.5%, respectively, and carbon residue was increased by 37.2%. The mechanical properties of the composite also showed a continuous upward trend with the increase in DPM introduction. It is shown that the introduction of DPM not only greatly reduces the heat release rate and heat release amount of the intumescent flame-retardant POM system, reducing the fire hazard, but it also effectively improves the compatibility between the filler and the matrix and improves the mechanical properties of the composite. It provides a new approach for developing a new single-component multifunctional flame retardant or synergist for intumescent flame-retardant POM systems.

Exploring the Prognosis-Related Genetic Variation in Gastric Cancer Based on mGWAS.

The use of metabolome genome-wide association studies (mGWAS) has been shown to be effective in identifying functional genes in complex diseases. While mGWAS has been applied to biomedical and pharmaceutical studies, its potential in predicting gastric cancer prognosis has yet to be explored. This study aims to address this gap and provide insights into the genetic basis of GC survival, as well as identify vital regulatory pathways in GC cell progression. Genome-wide association analysis of plasma metabolites related to gastric cancer prognosis was performed based on the Generalized Linear Model (GLM). We used a log-rank test, LASSO regression, multivariate Cox regression, GO enrichment analysis, and the Cytoscape software to visualize the complex regulatory network of genes and metabolites and explored in-depth genetic variation in gastric cancer prognosis based on mGWAS. We found 32 genetic variation loci significantly associated with GC survival-related metabolites, corresponding to seven genes, VENTX, PCDH 7, JAKMIP1, MIR202HG, MIR378D1, LINC02472, and LINC02310. Furthermore, this study identified 722 Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, suggesting an association with GC prognosis-related metabolites, corresponding to 206 genes. These 206 possible functional genes for gastric cancer prognosis were mainly involved in cellular signaling molecules related to cellular components, which are mainly involved in the growth and development of the body and neurological regulatory functions related to the body. The expression of 23 of these genes was shown to be associated with survival outcome in gastric cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Based on the genome-wide association analysis of prognosis-related metabolites in gastric cancer, we suggest that gastric cancer survival-related genes may influence the proliferation and infiltration of gastric cancer cells, which provides a new idea to resolve the complex regulatory network of gastric cancer prognosis.

Prognostic Implication of Plasma Metabolites in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) typically carries a poor prognosis as it is often diagnosed at a late stage. Altered metabolism has been found to impact cancer outcomes and affect patients' quality of life, and the role of metabolites in gastric cancer prognosis has not been sufficiently understood. We aimed to establish a prognostic prediction model for GC patients based on a metabolism-associated signature and identify the unique role of metabolites in the prognosis of GC. Thus, we conducted untargeted metabolomics to detect the plasma metabolites of 218 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and explored the metabolites related to the survival of patients with gastric cancer. Firstly, we divided patients into two groups based on the cutoff value of the abundance of each of the 60 metabolites and compared the differences using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis. As a result, 23 metabolites associated with gastric cancer survival were identified. To establish a risk score model, we performed LASSO regression and Cox regression analysis on the 60 metabolites and identified 8 metabolites as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, a nomogram incorporating clinical parameters and the metabolic signature was constructed to help individualize outcome predictions. The results of the ROC curve and nomogram plot showed good predictive performance of metabolic risk features. Finally, we performed pathway analysis on the 24 metabolites identified in the two parts, and the results indicated that purine metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism play important roles in gastric cancer prognosis. Our study highlights the important role of metabolites in the progression of gastric cancer and newly identified metabolites could be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for gastric cancer patients.

Sisal-Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Flame-Retardant Composites: Preparation and Properties.

Natural-fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites with a series of advantages including light weight, chemical durability, renewable resources, low in cost, etc., are being widely used in many fields such as the automotive industry, packaging, and construction. However, the flammability of plant fiber and the PP matrix restricts the application range, security, and use of these composites. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the flame retardants of such composites. In this paper, sisal-fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP/SF) flame-retardant composites were prepared using the two-step melt blending method. The flame retardant used was an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) composed of silane-coated ammonium polyphosphate (Si-APP) and pentaerythritol (PER). The influence of different blending processes on the flammability and mechanical properties of the composites was analyzed. The findings suggested that PP/SF flame-retardant composites prepared via different blending processes showed different flame-retardant properties. The (PP/SF)/IFR composite prepared by PP/SF secondary blending with IFR showed excellent flame-retardant performance, with a limited oxygen index of about 28.3% and passing the UL-94 V-0 rating (3.2 mm) in the vertical combustion test. Compared with the (PP/IFR) /SF composite prepared by a matrix primarily blended with IFR and then secondly blended with SF, the peak heat release rate (pk HRR) and total heat release (THR) of the (PP/SF)/IFR composite decreased by 11.3% and 13.7%, respectively. In contrast, the tensile strength of the (PP/SF)/IFR system was 5.3% lower than that of the (PP/IFR)/SF system; however, the overall mechanical (tensile, flexural, and notched impact) properties of the composites prepared using three different mixing processes were similar.

Synergistic Flame Retardant Properties of Polyoxymethylene with Surface Modified Intumescent Flame Retardant and Calcium Carbonate.

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was successfully modified by a titanate coupling agent which was compounded with benzoxazine (BOZ) and melamine (ME) to become a new type of intumescent flame retardant (Ti-IFR). Ti-IFR and CaCO3 as synergists were utilized to modify polyoxymethylene (POM), and the flame-retardant properties and mechanism of the composites were analyzed by vertical combustion (UL-94), limiting oxygen index (LOI), TG-IR, and cone calorimeter (Cone), etc. The results show that Ti-IFR can enhance the gas phase flame retardant effect, while CaCO3 further strengthens the barrier effect in the condensed phase. When they were used together, they can exert their performance, respectively, at the same time showing excellent synergistic effect. The FR-POM composite with 29% Ti-IFR and 1% CaCO3 can pass the UL-94 V0 level. The LOI reaches 58.2%, the average heat release (Av HRR) is reduced by 81.1% and the total heat release (THR) is decreased by 35.3%.

Activities of daily living and its influencing factors for older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban communities of Fuzhou, China.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for functional limitations among the older population. The predicted increase in T2DM cases combined with the ongoing rapidly aging population may further burden the already overloaded healthcare system and aggravate the loss of economic self-sufficiency. This study aimed to investigate the activities of daily living (ADL) and its influencing factors on older people with T2DM, and to provide implications for the development and improvement of community nursing services in the context rapidly aging population in China. Methods: From March 2019 to June 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey among older T2DM patients in Fuzhou, using a multi-stage cluster sampling approach. Functional status was measured by the Lawton ADL scale. Stata "nptrend" test was used to examine the trend of ordinal variables on ADL. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to identify factors affecting ADL limitations. Results: A total of 2016 questionnaires were received, with a response rate of 96%. 12.4% of participants suffered from varying degrees of functional impairment. ADL limitations increased with age. More comorbidities were associated with a greater risk of developing functional limitations in ADLs. the following sub-groups were more likely to suffer from ADL impairment: those aged 70 and over years (OR = 1.99, 95%CI 1.77-2.56), living in an aged care house or with spouse/children (OR = 2.31, 95%CI 1.25-4.26), low monthly income (OR = 1.49, 95%CI 1.28-1.64), without health insurance (OR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.40-2.40), tight family expenses (OR = 1.95, 95%CI 1.42-2.69), having stroke (OR = 6.70, 95%CI 2.22-20.23) or malignant tumor (OR = 4.45, 95%CI 1.27-15.53), irregular eating habit (OR = 2.55, 95%CI 2.23-2.92), smoking (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.22-1.60), sedentary lifestyle (OR = 2.04, 95%CI 1.46-2.85), lack of physical exercise (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.19-1.53), sleeping difficulty (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.10-1.42), and lack of family support (OR = 1.19, 95%CI 1.10-1.29). Conclusion: Older adults (≥70 years) with T2DM had a high prevalence of functional limitations across a range of daily living tasks, which not only affect individual life of quality but also present a huge burden on the family, health services system, and the whole society. Identified factors associated with ADL limitations may provide useful information for targeted nursing practice and health promotion.

lncRNA polymorphism affects the prognosis of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found that lncRNA polymorphisms are associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC), but the specific roles of many lncRNA polymorphism sites in gastric cancer are still unclear. Our study aims to deeply explore the relationship between genetic polymorphism of lncRNA and the prognosis of GC. METHODS: The genotypes of candidate SNP locus were detected by Sequenom Mass ARRAY SNP. We deeply analyzed the association of lncRNA polymorphisms with GC prognosis by univariate and multivariate Cox regression, stratified analysis, conjoint analysis, and log-rank test. RESULTS: We found that mutations at rs2579878 and rs10036719 loci reduced the risk of poor prognosis of GC. Stratified analysis showed that rs2795025, rs10036719, and rs12516079 polymorphisms were all associated with tumor prognosis. In addition, conjoint analyses showed that the interaction between these two polymorphic sites (rs2795025 and rs12516079) could increase the risk of poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis also found that the AG/AA genotype of rs10036719 and AG genotype of rs12516079 were independent prognostic factors. Moreover, the high expression of both CCDC26 and LINC02122 were shown to be associated with the poor survival status of GC patients. CONCLUSIONS: We find that the genetic polymorphism of lncRNA plays a role in the development of GC and is closely related to the survival time of patients. It could serve as a predictor of the prognosis of GC.

mGWAS identification of six novel single nucleotide polymorphism loci with strong correlation to gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Metabolite genome-wide association studies (mGWAS) are key for understanding the genetic regulation of metabolites in complex diseases including cancers. Although mGWAS has revealed hundreds of metabolomics quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) in the general population, data relating to gastric cancer (GC) are still incomplete. METHODS: We identified mQTLs associated with GC by analyzing genome-wide and metabolome-wide datasets generated from 233 GC patients and 233 healthy controls. RESULTS: Twenty-two metabolites were statistically different between GC cases and healthy controls, and all of them were associated with the risk of gastric cancer. mGWAS analyses further revealed that 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly associated with 3 metabolites. Of these 9 SNPs, 6 loci were never reported in the previous mGWAS studies. Surprisingly, 4 of 9 SNPs were significantly enriched in genes involved in the T cell receptor signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Our study unveiled several novel GC metabolite and genetic biomarkers, which may be implicated in the prevention and diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Genetic variants of autophagy-related genes in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and risk of gastric cancer in the Chinese population.

OBJECTIVE: Autophagic dysfunction could lead to tumorigenesis and affect tumor progression and prognosis. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in autophagy. The aim of the studies was to explore the association between genetic variants of autophagy-related genes in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and gastric cancer risk. METHODS: We selected candidate genes via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO), then used Ensemble, HaploView, and 1000 Genomes Project datasets to extract single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the candidate genes. We screened the differently distributed SNPs in 96 gastric cancer patients and 96 healthy controls as candidate SNPs using SNP Array and verified the candidate SNPs in 622 patients and 622 healthy controls using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Candidate SNPs located in, IRS1 (rs10205233 C > T), PIK3CD (rs3934934 A > G), PIK3R1 (rs706711 A > G), and AKT1 (rs35285446 ->T), were selected. IRS1 (rs10205233 C > T) was significantly associated with gastric cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.59-0.97, p = 0.031 in co-dominant model; adjusted OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.60-0.97, p = 0.029 in dominant model). There were no significant associations between the rest of candidate SNPs and gastric cancer risk. CONCLUSION: The IRS1 (rs10205233 C > T) could be a specific biomarker for gastric cancer patients in Xianyou County, a rural area with a high prevalence of gastric cancer in Fujian Province.

Pickled Vegetables Intake Impacts the Metabolites for Gastric Cancer.

PURPOSE: An increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) for pickled vegetables intake has been suggested, but a complete understanding of its pathogenic origin is still lacking, especially from a metabolic viewpoint. We investigated the plasma metabolites and metabolic pathway alteration of GC related to pickled vegetables intake. METHODS: We analyzed plasma samples collected from 365 gastric cancer patients and 347 healthy individuals, and divided them into three subgroups according to the intake of pickled vegetables. Plasma samples were detected by untargeted metabolomics. RESULTS: Nine metabolites were significantly altered in GC patients among pickled vegetables intake groups (FDR P-value<0.05). All of them were associated with the risk of gastric cancer adjusted for gender, age, smoking status, Helicobacter pylori infection. Pathway analysis showed significant alteration in the folate biosynthesis pathway. CONCLUSION: In short, we provide new insights from a metabolic perspective on the relationship between pickled vegetables intake and the occurrence of gastric cancer.

A case-control study of microRNA polymorphisms in gastric cancer screening by SNP chip combined with time of flight mass spectrometry.

Aims: To explore new SNP sites of miRNAs associated with gastric cancer, thereby providing valuable biomarkers to diagnose and screen gastric cancer. Materials & methods: A 1:1 case-control study was carried out. Microarrays were used to screen the SNP loci of miRNAs in the genomes of matched pairs of patients, 96 with gastric cancer and 96 healthy controls. For validation, mass spectrometry was used to classify miRNA SNP loci in 622 pairs of subjects. Results: rs7143252 was linked to a higher occurrence of gastric cancer. Conclusion: These results suggest that rs7143252 could be used as a specific biomarker to diagnose and screen gastric cancer.

Five Serum Trace Elements Associated with Risk of Cardia and Noncardia Gastric Cancer in a Matched Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: Serum trace elements have for some time been suggested to influence the development of gastric cancer, but evidence is still lacking. METHODS: All newly diagnosed patients with gastric cancer were compared with healthy controls 1:1 matched by sex, age (±3 years), and place of residence during 2013-2015. The serum concentration of all trace elements was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Heliobacter pylori infections in cases were diagnosed using the rapid urease test, while in controls were detected using the colloidal gold method. RESULTS: A total of 122 cases of gastric cardia cancer (GCC) and 177 gastric noncardia cancer (NCGC), and 299 matched healthy controls were included. Positive associations were found between serum copper and copper/zinc ratio and risk of overall gastric cancer (OR4th vs 1st quartile: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.10-5.32 for copper; OR4th vs 1st quartile: 11.7, 95% CI: 3.83-35.6 for copper/zinc ratio), and for both GCC and NCGC subtypes. Serum selenium was inversely associated with the risk of NCGC (OR4th vs 1st quartile: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.07-0.51), while molybdenum seems to reduce the risk of GCC (OR4th vs 1st quartile: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03-0.47). Strong inverse associations were also detected between serum calcium and risk of all groups of gastric cancer (all p for trend<0.05). CONCLUSION: The current study indicated statistically significant positive associations between serum copper, copper/zinc ratio, and gastric cancer, as well as inverse associations among selenium, molybdenum, and calcium. The results shall be carefully interpreted before further in vivo animal studies show definitive evidence.

Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors in Relation to Gastric Cancer in a High-Risk Region of China: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Objectives: To explore the role of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the development of gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China.Methods: In a case-control study, all newly diagnosed patients with gastric cancer were compared with healthy controls matched (1:1) by sex, age (±3 years), and place of residence during 2013-2017.Results: A total of 622 gastric cancer and 622 healthy controls were included. Larger household size (>4 family members) appeared to decrease gastric cancer risk for Helicobacter pylori-negative ones (odd ratio = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.26-0.70). Similarly, longer refrigerator ownership was associated with a 67% decreased risk in H. pylori-negative group (95% CI = 0.15-0.77). Participants with a family history of gastric cancer had nearly fivefold higher risk (odd ratio = 4.88, 95% CI = 2.49-9.55). Smoking attributed to 83% increased risk (odd ratio = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.19-2.80). Tea consumption dramatically decreased risk in whole study population (odd ratio = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.17-0.45).Conclusions: In summary, family history, smoking, H. pylori-related chronic atrophic gastritis, and H. pylori infection were positively associated with gastric cancer. Whereas, tea consumption and refrigerator use negatively associated with gastric cancer and could be promoted to reduce gastric cancer rate in high-risk populations, especially in the developing regions.

Association between the SNPs in trace element-related metabolic genes and the risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study in Xianyou of China.

This study aims to analyse the potential relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in trace element related metabolic genes GSTM3, GSTP1, GPX1 and NKG2D and the risk of gastric cancer. A case-control study was conducted in the hospital of Xianyou, Fujian, China. In this study, a total of 299 patients with histopathological diagnosis in gastric cancer and 295 healthy control subjects were involved. Association between the SNPs in trace element-related metabolic genes and gastric cancer risk was analysed using the unconditional logistic regression model. No relationship was found between the SNPs of GSTM3 and GPX1 genes and gastric cancer risk. However, the risk of gastric cancer is related to the SNPs of NKG2D gene (rs1049174). Patients who carry the rs1049174 GG genotype have a higher incidence of the gastric cancer and a multivariate odds ratio (OR) of 1.85 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.02-3.38). Through haplotype analysis, two haplotypes (i.e. A_rs1746123-T_rs10431294-G_rs1049174 and T_rs1746123-T_rs10431294-C_rs1049174), OR of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.15-0.56) and 0.33, (95% CI: 0.22-0.50), respectively, were found to have lower incidence of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, another two haplotypes (T_rs1746123-C_rs10431294-C_rs1049174 and T_rs1746123-T_rs10431294-G_rs1049174), OR of 1.81 (95% CI: 1.40-2.34) and 3.09 (95% CI: 2.30-4.16), respectively, were found to have a higher incidence of gastric cancer. Further, no influence of the haplotype on the risk of cardia gastric cancer was found. However, the haplotype T_rs1746123-T_rs10431294-C_rs1049174 had lower incidence of noncardia gastric cancer by 46%. Our data showed that polymorphisms of trace element-related metabolic genes are important in gastric cancer pathology.

Risk Factors of Gastric Cancer in High-Risk Region of China: A Population-Based Case-control Study

Background: The reason for the high incidence of gastric cancer (GC) in Xianyou County of China was largely unknown. We aimed to explore the potential sociodemographic risk factors and their associations to GC. Methods: A population-based case-control study was conducted during March 2013 and April 2016 in Xianyou County. All newly diagnosed patients of GC were recruited as cases, while controls were selected by matching for cases' sex, age (± 3 years) and the place of residence. Results: A total of 523 GC cases and 523 matched healthy controls were included in the final analysis with mean age of 66.27±8.81 years for cases and 66.31±8.83 years for controls, respectively. Participants with low socioeconomic status were observed with higher GC risk compared to those in high socioeconomic status (adjusted OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.13-3.89). Compared to those regularly drink green tea, patients did not have this dietary habit had nearly 3-fold increased GC risk (adjusted OR=2.91, 95% CI: 1.38-6.13). Other dietary habit, including consumption of hard food, omission of breakfast, consumption of pickled vegetables 30 years ago, overeating were all associated with increased risk of GC. Interaction effect were found. Patients in low socioeconomic status and skipped breakfast had 10-fold higher risk of GC compared to reference group in high socioeconomic status and eat breakfast regularly (OR=10.71, 95% CI: 5.19-22.10). Furthermore, patients in low socioeconomic status and consumed pickled vegetable 30 years ago had 6-fold higher risk of GC compared to those in high socioeconomic status but did not intake pickled vegetables 30 years ago (OR=6.11, 95% CI: 3.87-9.66). Conclusion: High incidence of GC risk in Xianyou County might be partly attributed to various sociodemographic factors. Specific prevention effort could be target on population in low socioeconomic status combined with habit of breakfast omission or intake of pickled vegetables.

Iron-Mediated Synthesis of Isoxazoles from Alkynes: Using Iron(III) Nitrate as a Nitration and Cyclization Reagent.

A simple and direct method for the iron(III) nitrate-mediated synthesis of isoxazoles from alkynes has been developed; both self-coupling and cross-coupling products could be successfully prepared from alkynes. Meanwhile, for the cross-coupling and cyclizing of two different alkynes examined, the iron-mediated system shows a good chemoselectivity for the synthesis of corresponding isoxazoles. In our method, cheap and eco-friendly iron(III) nitrate is used as the nitration and cyclization reagent, and KI is used as the additive; they both play a positive role in this transformation. Furthermore, a different mechanism for the formation of isoxazoles from alkynes has been proposed.

Association of NFKB1 and NFKBIA gene polymorphisms with susceptibility of gastric cancer.

Xianyou county of Fujian province, located on the southeast coastal of China, has higher gastric cancer mortality. Chronic inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence of gastric cancer, in which the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway of the inflammatory reaction begins and plays an important role in the amplification process. Studies have found that a single-nucleotide polymorphism of nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway molecules encoding genes is associated with gastric cancer, but the combined effect of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway gene has not been explained nor has been cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer risk factors and genetic susceptibility loci. New gastric cancer cases of the Fujian Xianyou Hospital were the research object. They were divided into cardia and non-cardia cancer in order to study a single-nucleotide polymorphism of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway important node molecules P50 and I kappa B encoding genes NFKB1 and NFKBIA by desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry analysis and by matrix-assisted laser mass spectrometry. The results showed that NFKB1 and NFKBIA single-nucleotide polymorphisms and gastric cancer are related and that the combined effects of polymorphisms in two genes and the NFKBIA gene monomer increased the risk of gastric cancer, and it was found that in different types of gastric cancer (the cardia and non-cardia cancer), susceptible polymorphism sites and combined effects are different.

The small tellurium-based compound SAS suppresses inflammation in human retinal pigment epithelium.

PURPOSE: Pathological angiogenesis and chronic inflammation greatly contribute to the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in chorioretinal diseases involving abnormal contact between retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and endothelial cells (ECs), associated with Bruch's membrane rupture. We explored the ability of the small organotellurium compound octa-O-bis-(R,R)-tartarate ditellurane (SAS) to mitigate inflammatory processes in human RPE cells. METHODS: Cell adhesion assays and analyses of gene and protein expression were used to examine the effect of SAS on ARPE-19 cells or primary human RPE cells that were grown alone or in an RPE-EC co-culture. RESULTS: Adhesion assays showed that SAS inhibited αv integrins expressed on RPE cells. Co-cultures of RPE cells with ECs significantly reduced the gene expression of PEDF, as compared to RPE cells cultured alone. Both SAS and the anti-αvß3 antibody LM609 significantly enhanced the production of PEDF at both mRNA and protein levels in RPE cells. RPE cells co-cultured with EC exhibited increased gene expression of CXCL5, COX1, MMP2, IGF1, and IL8, all of which are involved in both angiogenesis and inflammation. The enhanced expression of these genes was greatly suppressed by SAS, but interestingly, remained unaffected by LM609. Zymography assay showed that SAS reduced the level of MMP-2 activity in RPE cells. We also found that SAS significantly suppressed IL-1ß-induced IL-6 expression and secretion from RPE cells by reducing the protein levels of phospho-IkappaBalpha (pIκBα). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that SAS is a promising anti-inflammatory agent in RPE cells, and may be an effective therapeutic approach for controlling chorioretinal diseases.

MicroRNA-155 hallmarks promising accuracy for the diagnosis of various carcinomas: results from a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) have diagnostic values in various cancers. This meta-analysis seeks to summarize the global diagnostic role of miR-155 in patients with a variety of carcinomas. METHODS: Eligible studies were retrieved by searching the online databases, and the bivariate meta-analysis model was employed to generate the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve. RESULTS: A total of 17 studies dealing with various carcinomas were finally included. The results showed that single miR-155 testing allowed for the discrimination between cancer patients and healthy donors with a sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.88) and specificity of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70-0.83), corresponding to an area under curve (AUC) of 0.85, while a panel comprising expressions of miR-155 yielded a sensitivity of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.68-0.82) and specificity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77-0.86) in diagnosing cancers. The subgroup analysis displayed that serum miR-155 test harvested higher accuracy than plasma-based assay (the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were, resp., 0.87 versus 0.73, 0.78 versus 0.74, and 0.77 versus 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that single miR-155 profiling has a potential to be used as a screening test for various carcinomas, and parallel testing of miR-155 confers an improved specificity compared to single miR-155 analysis.