Value of narcotrend anesthesia depth monitoring in predicting POCD in gastrointestinal tumor anesthesia block patients.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of Narcotrend (NT) monitoring on cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing anesthesia blockade for gastrointestinal tumors and its effect on cerebral oxygen metabolism and inflammatory response. METHODS: Patients preparing to undergo resection of gastrointestinal tumor resection were included and randomly divided into a control group (depth of anesthesia assessed by physician experience) and a research group (depth of anesthesia monitored by NT). HR and MAP were monitored at the preoperatively (T0), 12 h postoperative (T1), 24 h postoperative (T2), and 48 h postoperative (T3) stages. MMSE score was recorded to assess changes in cognitive function. Intracerebral oxygenation indicators (CjvO2, CERO2, and rSO2) were assessed by a blood gas analyzer. ELISA assay was conducted to explore the serum inflammatory indexes (CRP, IL-1ß, and TNF-α) and neurological function indicators (NSE and MBP). RESULTS: MAP was higher in the research group than in the control group at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). MMSE scores at T1, T2, and T3 stages were higher in the research group than in the control (P < 0.05). The incidence of POCD was also lower in the research group compared with the control (P < 0.05). CjvO2, CERO2, and rSO2 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) and were positively correlated with the MMSE scores. Postoperative serum inflammatory indexes were significantly elevated in both groups, but more significantly in the control group (P < 0.05). Both neurological function indicators were usually reduced after surgery, but the reduction was more significant in the research group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: NT monitoring of anesthetic depth has a less physical impact on patients with gastrointestinal tumor anesthetic block, reduces the degree of postoperative POCD, and has significant clinical value.

Long noncoding RNA GAS5 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate GSK-3ß and PTEN expression by sponging miR-23b-3p in Alzheimer's disease.

Long noncoding RNA and microRNA are regulatory noncoding RNAs that are implicated in Alzheimer's disease, but the role of long noncoding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA has not been fully elucidated. The long noncoding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is a member of the 5'-terminal oligopyrimidine gene family that may be involved in neurological disorders, but its role in Alzheimer's disease remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the function of GAS5 and construct a GAS5-associated competitive endogenous RNA network comprising potential targets. RNA sequencing results showed that GAS5 was upregulated in five familial Alzheimer's disease (5×FAD) mice, APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice, Alzheimer's disease-related APPswe cells, and serum from patients with Alzheimer's disease. Functional experiments with targeted overexpression and silencing demonstrated that GAS5 played a role in cognitive dysfunction and multiple Alzheimer's disease-associated pathologies, including tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid-beta accumulation, and neuronal apoptosis. Mechanistic studies indicated that GAS5 acted as an endogenous sponge by competing for microRNA-23b-3p (miR-23b-3p) binding to regulate its targets glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3ß) and phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) expression in an Argonaute 2-induced RNA silencing complex (RISC)-dependent manner. GAS5 inhibited miR-23b-3p-mediated GSK-3ß and PTEN cascades with a feedforward PTEN/protein kinase B (Akt)/GSK-3ß linkage. Furthermore, recovery of GAS5/miR-23b-3p/GSK-3ß/PTEN pathways relieved Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms in vivo, indicated by the amelioration of spatial cognition, neuronal degeneration, amyloid-beta load, and tau phosphorylation. Together, these findings suggest that GAS5 promotes Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. This study establishes the functional convergence of the GAS5/miR-23b-3p/GSK-3ß/PTEN pathway on multiple pathologies, suggesting a candidate therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease.

Integration of FUNDC1-associated mitochondrial protein import and mitochondrial quality control contributes to TDP-43 degradation.

Though TDP-43 protein can be translocated into mitochondria and causes mitochondrial damage in TDP-43 proteinopathy, little is known about how TDP-43 is imported into mitochondria. In addition, whether mitochondrial damage is caused by mitochondrial mislocalization of TDP-43 or a side effect of mitochondria-mediated TDP-43 degradation remains to be investigated. Here, our bioinformatical analyses reveal that mitophagy receptor gene FUNDC1 is co-expressed with TDP-43, and both TDP-43 and FUNDC1 expression is correlated with genes associated with mitochondrial protein import pathway in brain samples of patients diagnosed with TDP-43 proteinopathy. FUNDC1 promotes mitochondrial translocation of TDP-43 possibly by promoting TDP-43-TOM70 and DNAJA2-TOM70 interactions, which is independent of the LC3 interacting region of FUNDC1 in cellular experiments. In the transgenic fly model of TDP-43 proteinopathy, overexpressing FUNDC1 enhances TDP-43 induced mitochondrial damage, whereas down-regulating FUNDC1 reverses TDP-43 induced mitochondrial damage. FUNDC1 regulates mitochondria-mediated TDP-43 degradation not only by regulating mitochondrial TDP-43 import, but also by increasing LONP1 level and by activating mitophagy, which plays important roles in cytosolic TDP-43 clearance. Together, this study not only uncovers the mechanism of mitochondrial TDP-43 import, but also unravels the active role played by mitochondria in regulating TDP-43 homeostasis.

Dynamic Changes in the Renal Function of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with Reduced eGFR After Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Renal dysfunction greatly influences decision-making for emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This observational study investigated renal function changes and risk factors for renal injury in patients with AMI with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) who underwent emergency PCI. The study included 85 patients with AMI with decreased eGFR who underwent emergency PCI, categorized into stage 2, 3, and 4 chronic kidney disease groups. Baseline data, laboratory indicators, coronary characteristics, and serum creatinine concentration were monitored at multiple time points. Renal injury was defined using two criteria: an increase in serum creatinine level by 0.3 mg/dL or a 50% increase from baseline. During the 1-year follow-up, renal injury incidence varied from 1.18% to 15.29%. The pattern showed an increasing trend in the 1st week after PCI, peaking at 1 week, followed by a decrease at 3 months, and another increase at one year. Low basal eGFR, high contrast agent dosage, and diabetes were associated with renal injury according to logistic regression analysis. The eGFR cutoff value of 35.475 mL/minute·1.73 m2 had a sensitivity of 83.05% and specificity of 57.69% for predicting renal injury based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. In summary, patients with AMI with basal eGFR lower than 35.475 mL/minute·1.73 m2 have a higher risk of renal injury after PCI. These findings emphasize the importance of assessing renal function and considering associated risk factors when deciding on emergency PCI for AMI with reduced eGFR.

Effectiveness of Baduanjin (a Type of Qigong) on Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to comprehensively review empirical evidence on the effectiveness of Baduanjin exercise, one type of mind-body focused qigong exercise, on individuals' physical, cognitive, and mental well-being; outline potential mechanisms; and, suggest potential implication strategies for using Baduanjin in clinical practices and for future research. Methods: Recent randomized-controlled studies and systematic reviews/meta-analyses published in English were searched in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus up to July 2022. The search terms include Baduanjin and sleep, chronic illness, cognition, mental health, etc. We only selected papers that specifically studied the health effects of Baduanjin, excluding those that involved other forms of Qigong or other traditional Chinese medical practices. Since many RCT studies have already been included in the review papers that we selected, only those not covered in the review papers were selected to avoid repetition. Results: 19 recent randomized-controlled studies and 8 systematic reviews were identified. In general, the effectiveness of Baduanjin exercise on individuals' physical, cognitive, and mental health is evident. Baduanjin has proven to be effective in improving sleep quality, including reducing difficulties in getting asleep and reducing daytime sleepiness. It also reduces fatigue and improves the quality of life for patients with other physical health issues, such as cancer, musculoskeletal pain, and chronic illnesses. The effectiveness of Baduanjin exercise is also evident in cognition, improving executive functions, and slowing down age-related cognitive deterioration. Similarly, Baduanjin alleviates various types of mental illnesses, increases patients' social competence, and enhances emotional regulation. Conclusion: There is initial evidence on the safety and efficacy of Baduanjin in improving individuals' various aspects of health and well-being, suggesting that Baduanjin may serve as an effective adjunct to conventional treatments for a variety of clinical health benefits. More research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of Baduanjin in other non-Chinese ethnic populations.

Association between postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure controlling for prenatal exposure and conduct problems in children: A systematic review.

Prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is commonly associated with conduct problems in children. However, there is limited research on the effects of postnatal ETS exposure on the development of conduct problems, and many studies focusing on the postnatal period fail to control for the effects of prenatal ETS. This systematic review explores the association between postnatal ETS exposure and child conduct problems in studies that control for prenatal ETS exposure. Of the thirteen studies identified, nine reported a significant positive association of postnatal ETS exposure and child conduct-related behavior problems when controlling for prenatal ETS exposure. Results from tests of dose-response relationships were mixed. These findings highlight the significance of postnatal ETS exposure in conferring risk for conduct problems over and above prenatal ETS, and thus provide important information for guiding public health recommendations.

Social Connection and Lifestyle Factors Associated With Happiness in Urban Older Adults in China: A Cross-Sectional Study With a Community Sample.

The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate social connection and lifestyle factors associated with happiness in urban older adults in mainland China. A total of 709 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 to 99 years completed a comprehensive survey covering demographics, happiness, cognition, lifestyle, sleep, nutrition, and social connections. Samples were divided by age into two groups for analysis: young-old (aged 60 to 69 years) and old-old (aged 70 to 99 years). Social connection factors, including relationships with friends and spouse and use of social media applications, were important predictors for happiness in people in their 60s. Lifestyle factors, including nutritional status and extent of physical activity, were associated with happiness in old-old adults. Sleep quality predicted happiness for both age groups. Living with children and happiness were not significant for either age group. Results suggest that social connection and lifestyle are important factors in promoting happy and healthy successful aging in urban older adults in China. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 16(3), 147-160.].

Tea Consumption Is Associated with Reduced Cognitive Decline and Interacts with Iron Intake: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study on 4,820 Old Adults.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest a positive effect of tea intake on cognition. Additional micronutrients that may moderate this association was not previously examined. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between tea consumption and cognition and explore the interaction between tea consumption and iron intake. METHODS: Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 1997 and 2011 was used. 4,820 individuals (≥55 years) were included in the analyses. Measurement of cognitive function was conducted in 1997, 2000, 2004, and 2006. Tea consumption was self-reported. Food intake was assessed by 24-hour dietary recalls of three consecutive days during home visits between 1997 and 2011. Multivariable mixed linear regression and logistic regression was used to assess the association. RESULTS: Tea consumption was associated with reduced global cognitive function decline. In fully adjusted models, regression coefficients (95% CIs) for those who consumed 0 cups/day,<2 cups/day, 2-3.9 cups/day, and≥4 cups/day of tea were 0, -0.09 (-0.55-0.37), 0.05 (-0.34-0.45), and 0.87 (0.46-1.29), respectively. This effect was stronger in adults > 60 years. Tea consumption of≥4 cups/day was inversely associated with self-reported poor memory (OR 0.70 (95% CI 0.56-0.86)) and memory decline (OR, 0.73 (95% CI 0.62-0.87)). There was a significant interaction between tea consumption and iron intake in relation to cognition. High iron intake was inversely associated with cognition in non-consumers of tea but not in tea consumers. CONCLUSION: Higher tea intake is associated with reduced cognitive decline in adults and inhibits the adverse effect of high iron intake.

Perinatal Physiological and Psychological Risk Factors and Childhood Sleep Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal physiological and psychological factors during pregnancy and after birth on infant and children's sleep outcomes. METHODS: Six databases were searched from inception to April 2021. Longitudinal studies that investigated the association of risk factors during and after pregnancy and children's sleep-related outcomes were included. Hedge's g and odds ratio were pooled as effect size with random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 32 articles were included. Both prenatal maternal alcohol use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-3.28) and tobacco smoking (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01-1.62) were associated with shorter child sleep duration. Prenatal and postnatal maternal depression symptoms were associated with increased child sleep problems at age 6 months (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.19-3.24, and 2.05, 95% CI: 1.37-3.07, respectively). Prenatal and postnatal maternal major depression disorders were associated with shorter sleep duration (Hedge's g = -0.97, 95% CI: -1.57 to -0.37) and lower sleep efficiency (Hedge's g = -1.44, 95% CI: -1.93 to -0.95). Prenatal anxiety had no impact on child sleep problems (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.86-2.10). CONCLUSION: Maternal pregnancy and obstetric factors and psychological factors are potential risk factors of poor child sleep health. Future research is warranted to better understand the impact of these risk factors on long-term child sleep outcomes and their potential mediating mechanisms.

Longitudinal association of early childhood lead exposure and adolescent heart rate variability: influence of parental education.

Lead exposure has been shown to dysregulate physiological stress responses. However, few studies have investigated the effect of lead exposure on later heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of a stress response, in large samples of children. Furthermore, the interaction between social environmental factors and lead exposure in childhood, which commonly co-occur, remains understudied. This study examined relationships between childhood lead exposure and early adolescent physiological stress responses at different levels of parental education. Participants were 406 children from Jintan, China. Blood lead levels (BLLs) and parental education data were collected at 3-5 years of age, and HRV outcomes assessed at 12 years via frequency domain measures (LF/HF ratio) collected during an induced stress test. Results show a significant interaction between parental education and BLLs at 3-5 years. This relationship was found to be most consistent for the interaction between BLLs and mother's years of education for both the planning (ß = 0.12, p = 0.046) and speaking (ß = 0.11, p = 0.043) phase of the stress task, suggesting that increasing years of mother's education may enhance the deleterious influence of lead exposure on the HRV frequency measure, LF/HF ratio. This research highlights the complexity in lead exposure induced outcomes.

NMO-IgG Induce Interleukin-6 Release via Activation of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Astrocytes.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that frequently affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is considered a key cytokine in the pathogenesis of NMOSD, and the level of IL-6 is significantly increased in the sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with NMOSD. We have reported that the production of IL-6 depends on the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. However, it is not clear whether the NF-κB-dependent inflammatory response stimulated by neuromyelitis optica IgG (NMO-IgG) could also drive the production of IL-6 in astrocytes. In this study, we used an in vitro model of primary rat astrocytes stimulated by NMO-IgG to study the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in mediating the release of IL-6. First, we confirmed that the level of IL-6 was significantly higher in the sera of NMOSD patients than that of healthy people by humoral fluid analysis and that NMO-IgG can significantly induce the release of IL-6 from astrocytes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry. Then, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that NMO-IgG can activate the intracellular NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, it was found that S3633, an inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway, can effectively inhibit the increase in IL-6 levels. These results prove that the production of IL-6 is partly mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway, providing a potential effective strategy for targeted treatment of NMOSD.

Optimization of Decoloration Conditions of Methylene Blue Wastewater by Penicillium P1.

The objective of this work was to optimize the decolorization of methylene blue dye wastewater by Penicillium P1. The influencing factors included initial methylene blue concentration, initial pH value, salinity and inoculation percentage of penicillium spores. The decolorization rate was optimized by response surface center composite design methods. The optimal optimization condition was methylene blue concentration 50 mg/L, pH value 3.61, salinity 3.7%, and inoculation percentage 3.21% (When the MSM was 100 ml), the predicted decolorization rate of methylene blue 85%. The UV and the FTIR spectrum analysis showed that the structure of methylene blue changed during the process of decolorization of methylene blue by Penicillium P1.

Implications of miR-148a-3p/p35/PTEN signaling in tau hyperphosphorylation and autoregulatory feedforward of Akt/CREB in Alzheimer's disease.

Existing studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) have a role in cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the function and pathophysiological mechanism of deregulated miRNAs underlying AD pathology remain to be investigated. The present study aimed to clarify the role and mechanism of miR-148a-3p in AD. RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis were used to identify the aberrant expression and signaling of miR-148a-3p within cells, mice, and patients with AD. Molecular biology techniques involving luciferase reporter assays, gene overexpression and silencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and adeno-associated virus-based miRNA overexpression were used to explore the biological function and mechanisms of miR-148a-3p. Downregulation of miR-148a-3p was identified in AD. Upregulation of miR-148a-3p was found to protect neuronal cells against Aß-associated tau hyperphosphorylation by directly targeting p35/CDK5 and PTEN/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. A mutual regulatory link between miR-148a-3p and PTEN using a feedforward arrangement was confirmed via promotion of transcription and expression of miR-148a-3p by way of the PTEN/Akt/CREB pathway. Significantly, in vivo targeting of miR-148a-3p signaling ameliorated cognitive deficits by decreasing p35/PTEN-elicited tau hyperphosphorylation, accompanied by feedforward transduction of the PTEN/Akt/CREB pathway. In conclusion, the present study implicated the miR-148a-3p/p35/PTEN pathway as an essential contributor to tau hyperphosphorylation and feedforward regulation in AD.

Association between lower-level of environmental lead exposure and reactive and proactive aggression in youth: Sex differences.

Lead exposure during childhood has been associated with a variety of negative outcomes, including antisocial/aggressive behavior. However, different subtypes of antisocial behavior have been found to have different neurobiological correlates, and it is unclear whether lead exposure is related to specific subtypes of aggressive behavior. The objective of the study was to examine relationships between childhood blood lead levels (BLL) and proactive and reactive aggression. Further, given prior findings of sex differences in the effects of lead exposure, we examine whether there are sex differences in these relationships. In a sample of 818 youth (47.2% girls) ages 10-13 in China, we assessed BLL and administered the Reactive Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Results show that BLLs were associated with reactive, but not proactive aggression. There was a significant interaction between BLL and sex in predicting aggression; boys with higher BLL scored higher in both proactive and reactive aggression than boys with lower BLL, but these differences were not present for girls. These findings suggest that lead exposure may have broad effects on antisocial behavior, but that boys may be more susceptible than girls. These findings may provide insights to identifying protective factors that could be potential targets for intervention.

Association between egg consumption and cognitive function among Chinese adults: long-term effect and interaction effect of iron intake.

The association between egg consumption and cognitive function is inclusive. We aimed to assess the association between egg consumption and cognitive function in Chinese adults and tested the interaction between egg consumption and Fe intake. The data used were from a nationwide sample (n 4852, age ≥ 55 years) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 1991 and 2006. Assessment of cognitive function was conducted in 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2006. Dietary egg intake was obtained by 24-h dietary recalls of 3 consecutive days during home visits between 1991 and 2006. Multivariable mixed linear regression and logistic regression were used. Egg intake was positively associated with global cognitive function. In fully adjusted models, across the quartiles of egg intake the regression coefficients were 0, 0·11 (95 % CI -0·28, 0·51), 0·79 (95 % CI 0·36, 1·22) and 0·92 (95 % CI 0·43, 1·41), respectively. There was a significant interaction between egg intake and Fe intake. The association between high egg intake and cognitive function was stronger among those with low Fe intake than those with high Fe intake. In addition, there was a significant interaction between egg consumption and sex, with the association mainly observed in women but not men. Furthermore, compared with non-consumers, those with higher egg consumption (Q4) had the OR of 0·93 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·19), 0·84 (95 % CI 0·69, 1·02) for self-reported poor memory and self-reported memory decline, respectively. Higher egg intake is associated with better cognition in Chinese adults among those with low Fe intake.

MICAL2PV suppresses the formation of tunneling nanotubes and modulates mitochondrial trafficking.

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are actin-rich structures that connect two or more cells and mediate cargo exchange between spatially separated cells. TNTs transport signaling molecules, vesicles, organelles, and even pathogens. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating TNT formation remain unclear and little is known about the endogenous mechanisms suppressing TNT formation in lung cancer cells. Here, we report that MICAL2PV, a splicing isoform of the neuronal guidance gene MICAL2, is a novel TNT regulator that suppresses TNT formation and modulates mitochondrial distribution. MICAL2PV interacts with mitochondrial Rho GTPase Miro2 and regulates subcellular mitochondrial trafficking. Moreover, down-regulation of MICAL2PV enhances survival of cells treated with chemotherapeutical drugs. The monooxygenase (MO) domain of MICAL2PV is required for its activity to inhibit TNT formation by depolymerizing F-actin. Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognized function of MICAL2 in TNT formation and mitochondrial trafficking. Furthermore, our study uncovers a role of the MICAL2PV-Miro2 axis in mitochondrial trafficking, providing a mechanistic explanation for MICAL2PV activity in suppressing TNT formation and in modulating mitochondrial subcellular distribution.

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese adults.

Background and aims: The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in carotid atherosclerosis remains inconsistent and sometimes controversial. We aimed to determine whether H. pylori infection is associated with carotid atherosclerotic plaques in a large number of Chinese adults. Methods: We recruited 108,210 Chinese adults who participated in a standard medical screening with both carotid ultrasonic examination and 13C-urea breath test for H.pylori infection from two Chinese cohorts. A total of 93,915 adults were included in the analysis after excluding participants with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and carotid plaques at baseline. Hazard ratio (HR) for developing carotid plaques by H. pylori infection was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model, with sociodemographic and clinical factors adjusted. Findings across cohorts were pooled by meta-analyses. Results: 11,208 (13.13%) participants occurred carotid plaques at a median follow-up of 20 months in the MN cohort, while 1279 (14.95%) participants occurred carotid plaques at a median follow-up of 24 months in the MJ cohort. Compare with participants without H. pylori infection, participants with H. pylori infection were more likely to occur carotid plaques. After adjusting for age, sex, annual personal income, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, the HR was 1.04 (95%CI: 1.01-1.08). After further adjusting for education level, marital status, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, physical activity, and family history of CVD, the HR changed minimally. Additional sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. Significant interactions of age, sex, blood pressure, blood glucose, or chronic inflammation were not observed in this research. Conclusions: H. pylori infection was associated with carotid plaque onset in a large number of Chinese adults without previous CVD. These data suggested that the prevention of H. pylori infection may reduce the burden of carotid atherosclerosis.

Effect of An Online Physical Activity Promotion Program and Cardiovascular Symptoms Among Asian American Women at Midlife.

Despite an increasing number of online programs to promote physical activity, they have rarely been evaluated for their effects on cardiovascular symptoms of racial/ethnic minority women at midlife. This study aimed to determine the preliminary efficacy of a newly developed online program for physical activity promotion on cardiovascular symptoms of Asian American midlife women. This study was a pilot repeated-measures randomized controlled trial (pretest/posttest) among 26 Asian American midlife women. The variables were measured using multiple instruments on background features, physical activity, and cardiovascular symptoms at three points of time (baseline, after 1 month, and after 3 months). Linear mixed models were used to analyze the data. The prevalence and severity of cardiovascular symptoms did not show a statistically significant group-time interaction. However, the increase in lifestyle physical activity over time was significant only among the intervention group (Δ = 0.49, P = .016). The results supported the program's preliminary efficacy on lifestyle physical activity for Asian American women at midlife, but not on cardiovascular symptoms.

Effect of co-administration of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil on pharmacokinetic fate of xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, and byakangelicin from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in rat.

A combination of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma has been widely used as the herb pair in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke, migraine, and epilepsy. However, the underlying synergistic mechanism of the herb pair remains unknown. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil on the pharmacokinetic parameters of xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, and byakangelicin from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in rat, and in vitro absorption behavior of the three compounds using rat everted gut sac, in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion, and Caco-2 cell monolayer models. The pharmacokinetic study exhibited clear changes in the key pharmacokinetic parameters of the three main coumarins through co-administering with Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil (50 mg/kg), the area under curve and the maximum plasma concentration of xanthotoxol increased 1.36 and 1.31 times; the area under curve, the maximum plasma concentration, mean residence time, half-life of elimination, and the time to reach peak concentration of oxypeucedanin hydrate increased by 1.35, 1.18, 1.24, 1.19 and 1.49 times, respectively; the area under curve, mean residence time, half-life of elimination, and time to reach peak concentration of byakangelicin climbed 1.29, 1.27, 1.37, and 1.28 times, respectively. The three coumarin components were absorbed well in the jejunum and ileum in the intestinal perfusion model, when co-administered with Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil (100 µg/mL). The in vivo and in vitro experiments showed good relevance and consistency. The results demonstrated that the three coumarin compounds from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix were absorbed through the active transportation, and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil could promote the intestinal absorption and transport of these compounds by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux.

Understanding the formation mechanism of oolong tea characteristic non-volatile chemical constitutes during manufacturing processes by using integrated widely-targeted metabolome and DIA proteome analysis.

To interpret the enzymatic modulation of the dynamic changes of small molecules in tea leaves during oolong tea manufacturing process, the metabolomic and proteomic studies were performed using processed leaf samples collected at the different manufacturing stages and non-processed fresh leaves as control. As a result, a total of 782 metabolites were identified, of which 46, as the biomarkers, were significantly changed over the manufacturing process. Totally 7245 proteins were qualitatively and quantitativelydetermined. The abundance of multiple enzymes including phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase was positively associated with the dynamic changes of their corresponding catalytic products. The overall protein-metabolite association analysis showed that over the enzymatic-catalyzed process production of some non-volatile components, such like carbohydrates, amino acids and flavonoids, were related with the abundance of those responsible proteins in different extents and potentially contributed to the comprehensive flavor of oolong tea.