mPPTMP195 nanoparticles enhance fracture recovery through HDAC4 nuclear translocation inhibition.

Delayed repair of fractures seriously impacts patients' health and significantly increases financial burdens. Consequently, there is a growing clinical demand for effective fracture treatment. While current materials used for fracture repair have partially addressed bone integrity issues, they still possess limitations. These challenges include issues associated with autologous material donor sites, intricate preparation procedures for artificial biomaterials, suboptimal biocompatibility, and extended degradation cycles, all of which are detrimental to bone regeneration. Hence, there is an urgent need to design a novel material with a straightforward preparation method that can substantially enhance bone regeneration. In this context, we developed a novel nanoparticle, mPPTMP195, to enhance the bioavailability of TMP195 for fracture treatment. Our results demonstrate that mPPTMP195 effectively promotes the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts while inhibiting the differentiation of bone marrow mononuclear macrophages into osteoclasts. Moreover, in a mouse femur fracture model, mPPTMP195 nanoparticles exhibited superior therapeutic effects compared to free TMP195. Ultimately, our study highlights that mPPTMP195 accelerates fracture repair by preventing HDAC4 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, thereby activating the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study not only proposes a new strategy for fracture treatment but also provides an efficient nano-delivery system for the widespread application of TMP195 in various other diseases.

Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit with growth during pregnancy: a case report.

We report the case of an anterior orbital tumor in a young woman that enlarged during pregnancy. The mass was excised and found to be a spindle cell tumor with immunohistochemical reactivity consistent with a solitary fibrous tumor, a rare entity in the spectrum of fibroblastic mesenchymal tumors. The tumor was strongly positive for the progesterone receptor, consistent with its clinical growth during the antenatal and postnatal periods. To our knowledge, a primary orbital tumor with these characteristics has rarely been reported in the literature.

[Effect of Gansui Banxia Tang plus-minus Gansui and Gancao anti-drug combination that preferred dose close to clinical application on diuretic effect in malignant ascites rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Gansui Banxia Tang plus-minus Gansui and Gancao anti-drug combination on hepatic and renal functions in malignant ascites rats to explore whether the efficacy or toxicity associated with the anti-drug combination. METHOD: The male wistar rats were randomly divided into a blank group, model group, furosemide group, Gansui Banxia Tang group, Gansui Banxia Tang removed Zhigancao group, Gansui Banxia Tang removed Cugansui group, Gansui Banxia Tang removed Zhigancao and Cugansui group. In addition to normal feeding, every morning except for the blank group and model group, the rest of the group was given drugs, the control group and the model group was given distilled water, the volume is 10 mL x kg(-1). Administered five days, all rats were fasted but except water for 24 hours to collect urine. Administered nine days all rats were fasted but except water for 12 hours, we need to weigh weight of rats. When we remove the ascites, we also need to weigh weight of rats. We use the weight before removing ascites minus weight after removing ascites to indirectly measure the amount of ascites. When we remove the ascites, we need to abdominal aortic blood, centrifuge testing renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone and other indicators. RESULT: The effect of Gansui Banixa Tang on increasing the net weight, lowering abdominal circumference and body weight ratio, lowering renin, angiotensin, aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone is better than the other treatment group. CONCLUSION: In diuresis party, the group of Gansui Banxia Tang is better than the group of Gansui Banxia Tang remove Zhigancao or Cugansui or Zhigancao and Cugansui, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may play a diuretic effect of its one way.

MicroRNA expression profile analysis reveals diagnostic biomarker for human prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is a highly prevalent disease in older men of the western world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression via posttranscriptional inhibition of protein synthesis. To identify the diagnostic potential of miRNAs in prostate cancer, we downloaded the miRNA expression profile of prostate cancer from the GEO database and analysed the differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in prostate cancerous tissue compared to non-cancerous tissue. Then, the targets of these DE-miRNAs were extracted from the database and mapped to the STRING and KEGG databases for network construction and pathway enrichment analysis. We identified a total of 16 miRNAs that showed a significant differential expression in cancer samples. A total of 9 target genes corresponding to 3 DE-miRNAs were obtained. After network and pathway enrichment analysis, we finally demonstrated that miR-20 appears to play an important role in the regulation of prostate cancer onset. MiR-20 as single biomarker or in combination could be useful in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. We anticipate our study could provide the groundwork for further experiments.

Endoscopic therapy for gastric stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria.

AIM: To explore endoscopic therapy methods for gastric stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria. METHODS: For 69 cases diagnosed as gastric stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria, three types of endoscopic therapy were selected, based on the size of the tumor. These methods included endoscopic ligation and resection (ELR), endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) and endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR). The wound surface and the perforation of the gastric wall were closed with metal clips. Immunohistostaining for CD34, CD117, Dog-1, S-100 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) was performed on the resected tumors. RESULTS: A total of 38 cases in which the tumor size was less than 1.2 cm were treated with ELR; three cases were complicated by perforation, and the perforations were closed with metal clips. Additionally, 18 cases in which the tumor size was more than 1.5 cm were treated with ESE, and no perforation occurred. Finally, 13 cases in which the tumor size was more than 2.0 cm were treated with EFR; all of the cases were complicated by artificial perforation, and all of the perforations were closed with metal clips. All of the 69 cases recovered with medical treatment, and none required surgical operation. Immunohistostaining demonstrated that among all of the 69 gastric stromal tumors diagnosed by gastroscopy, 12 cases were gastric leiomyomas (SMA-positive), and the other 57 cases were gastric stromal tumors. CONCLUSION: Gastric stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria can be treated successfully with endoscopic techniques, which could replace certain surgical operations and should be considered for further application.

Efficacy of endoscopic therapy for gastrointestinal bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesion.

AIM: To investigate the endoscopic hemostasis for gastrointestinal bleeding due to Dieulafoy's lesion. METHODS: One hundred and seven patients with gastrointestinal bleeding due to Dieulafoy's lesion were treated with three endoscopic hemostasis methods: aethoxysklerol injection (46 cases), endoscopic hemoclip hemostasis (31 cases), and a combination of hemoclip hemostasis with aethoxysklerol injection (30 cases). RESULTS: The rates of successful hemostasis using the three methods were 71.7% (33/46), 77.4% (24/31) and 96.7% (29/30), respectively, with significant differences between the methods (P < 0.05). Among those who had unsuccessful treatment with aethoxysklerol injection, 13 were treated with hemoclip hemostasis and 4 underwent surgical operation; 9 cases were successful in the injection therapy. Among the cases with unsuccessful treatment with hemoclip hemostasis, 7 were treated with injection of aethoxysklerol and 3 cases underwent surgical operation; 4 cases were successful in the treatment with hemoclip hemostasis. Only 1 case had unsuccessful treatment with a combined therapy of hemoclip hemostasis and aethoxysklerol injection, and surgery was then performed. No serious complications of perforation occurred in the patients whose bleeding was treated with the endoscopic hemostasis, and no re-bleeding was found during a 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: The combined therapy of hemoclip hemostasis with aethoxysklerol injection is the most effective method for gastrointestinal bleeding due to Dieulafoy's lesion.

Narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.

BACKGROUND: In the recent years, the incidence of esophageal cancer in China has increased. The key point for raising the survival rate is the diagnosis and treatment at an early stage. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) can enhance the contrast of the mucous membrane of the esophagus without staining. This study aimed to explore the value of NBI in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. METHODS: The esophagus was examined with ordinary endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. Pit patterns and blood capillary forms were examined with routine magnifying endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. Finally, a 1.2% Lugoul's iodine solution was used to stain the esophageal mucosal surface and a biopsy was taken at all the sites where NBI or iodine staining was positive. NBI and iodine staining scales were compared with pathologic diagnosis, which was considered as the gold standard. RESULTS: A total of 90 cases (138 lesions in total) were diagnosed as early esophageal cancer or precancerous lesions; 104 lesions (75.4%) were detected with ordinary endoscopy, 120 lesions (87.0%) were detected with NBI endoscopy, and 138 lesions (100%) were detected with iodine staining. The lesion detection rate of NBI was significantly lower than that of iodine staining (chi(2) = 17.176, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between NBI and iodine staining for the diagnosis of high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (chi(2) = 1.362, P > 0.05), while the detection rate of NBI was significantly lower than that of iodine staining for the diagnosis of low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (chi(2) = 13.388, P < 0.01). The pit pattern and blood capillary form of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions could be demonstrated clearer with NBI than with ordinary endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: NBI can enhance the contrast of the mucous membrane of the esophagus without staining. The combination of NBI and iodine staining can raise the diagnostic rate of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.

Application of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in biliary-pancreatic diseases.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been used increasingly for the treatment of choledocholithiasis, gallstone pancreatitis, and benign or malignant bile duct or pancreatic duct stenosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ERCP for the diagnosis and therapy of biliary-pancreatic diseases. METHODS: A total of 2075 patients who underwent diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP from June 2001 to March 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Achievement and complication rates were calculated, and the therapeutic effect was observed. RESULTS: In all the 64 cases who underwent diagnostic ERCP, the procedure was successful, in 2011 cases therapeutic ERCP was performed, and the success rate was 94.6%. In the therapeutic ERCP cases, 1434 (93.0%) were successful among the 1542 cases of choledocholithiasis, and 422 (90.0%) of the 469 cases with benign or malignant bile duct or pancreatic duct stenosis, or acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis with stent placement or endoscopic nasobiliary drainage were successful. Fifty-nine (90.8%) cases of the 65 who underwent a pre-cut for pancreatic sphincterotomy were successful. Complication rate was 5.1% and the most frequent complication was acute pancreatitis (4.4%). CONCLUSIONS: ERCP is one of the major diagnostic and therapeutic methods for biliary-pancreatic disease. Therapeutic ERCP is a minimally invasive, safe and effective treatment method for various biliary-pancreatic diseases.

Fuji Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy and staining technique for the diagnosis of colon tumor.

BACKGROUND: Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor in the clinic with an incidence rate that is increasing in recent years. The key point for improving the survival rate is the diagnosis and treatment at an early stage. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of the Fuji Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy (FICE) and staining technique for the diagnosis of colon tumors and non-tumor lesions. METHODS: From March to November 2007, 654 patients were examined with ordinary colonoscopy. Among them 223 patients with colon neoplasm or polypoid lesion were included. The patients were examined with a magnifying ordinary colonoscopy, a magnifying FICE technique and magnifying staining technique. The pit pattern and blood capillary form of the lesion were examined, an endoscopic diagnosis was made and it was compared with the pathologic diagnosis. RESULTS: Four hundred and fifty-one neoplasms were detected in the 223 patients, among those 91.1% (411/451) were detected with the magnifying ordinary endoscopy while 99.1% (447/451) were detected with the FICE technique; there was a significant difference between the two methods. FICE could clearly show the structure and form of mucosal blood capillaries (P < 0.01) but there was no significant difference between the two methods for showing the pit pattern. The coincident rate of FICE for the diagnosis of tumor and non-tumor lesions was 91.6% (413/451), that of the magnifying staining technique was 82.0% (370/451) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Magnifying FICE could show the mucosal microstructure and blood capillary form and it had a superiority of high coincident rate, high sensitivity and specificity when compared with ordinary magnifying colonoscopy and magnifying staining endoscopy. In addition, it was easy to operate and a biopsy could be taken from the target, so it has a satisfactory clinical practical value.

Embolization combined with endoscopic variceal ligation for the treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND: Esophagogastric variceal bleeding caused by cirrhosis is a kind of emergent condition in the clinic. This study was conducted to explore the therapeutic effect and superiority of embolization of gastric fundus varices combined with endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) of esophageal varices for the treatment of patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding caused by cirrhosis. METHODS: Totally 172 patients were diagnosed by endoscopic examination within 24 hours of hospitalization with active gastric fundus variceal bleeding and grade II above esophageal varices caused by cirrhosis. Other causes leading to upper digestive tract bleeding were excluded. Patients were randomly divided into a control group (n = 82) and a therapy group (n = 90) following a random number table method. For the former, embolization for gastric fundus varices was performed, then an EVL for esophageal varices was performed 2 months later. For the therapy group, embolization for gastric fundus varices and EVL for esophageal varices were performed at the same time. RESULTS: The rate of emergency hemostasis in the therapy group was 100.0%, higher than that in the control group (87.8%, P < 0.05). The rate of early rebleeding in the therapy group was 6.7% while the rate in the control group was 23.6% (P < 0.05). No complications related to treatment occurred in both groups. CONCLUSION: Embolization for gastric fundus varices combined with EVL for esophageal varices is a safe and effective method for the treatment of patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding caused by cirrhosis.