Simplified dressing change after surgery for high anal fistula: A prospective, single centre randomized controlled study on loose combined cutting seton (LCCS) technique.

BACKGROUND: Dressing change is the most important part of postoperative wound care. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a more effective, simple and less painful method of dressing change for anal fistulas could be found without the need for debridement and packing. Data related to postoperative recovery were recorded at postoperative days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 180. METHODS: In this experiment, 76 subjects diagnosed with high anal fistula were randomly divided into a simplified dressing change (SDC) group and a traditional debridement dressing change(TDDC) group according to a ratio of 1:1. RESULTS: The SDC group had significantly fewer pain scores, bleeding rates, dressing change times, inpatient days and lower average inpatient costs than the TDDC group. There were no significant differences in wound healing time, area and depth and Wexner score between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Studies have shown that the use of simplified dressing changes does not affect cure or recurrence rates, but significantly reduces dressing change times and pain during changes, reducing patient inpatient length of stay and costs.

miR-624 accelerates the growth of liver cancer cells by inhibiting EMC3.

miRNA is a noncoding RNA found in recent years and more than one third of human genes are the target of miRNAs. miR-624, located on human chromosome 14, is associated with tumorigenesis. However, the role of miR-624 in human hepatocarcinogenesis is still unclear. Herein, our results indicate that miR-624 accelerates the growth of liver cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the modification distribution of H3K9me1 on chromosomes is different between rLV group and rLV-miR-624 group. miR-624 affects epigenetic regulation of several genes in human liver cancer cells, such as RAB21, SMARCD3, MAPK6,PRRX1, ZFHX3, EMC3 (TMEM111). Furthermore, miR-624 affects transcriptome of some genes in liver cancer, including RAB21， UBE2N， PPP1CC，KPNA3， RAB7A，CPEB2,KLF4， MARK2， JUN， ARF6， TMEM39A. On the other hand, miR-624 affects proteome of several genes in liver cancer, such as, RBM5,PTK2, KDM2A,POLR2H, POLR2G,CDK6,KIF15,CUL2,FKBP2,ErbB-3,JUN, PKM2, CyclinE,PLK1, mTOR, PPARγ, Rab7A,ARAF, UPF3B ，PTEN, SUZ12, GADD45, H3.3, CUL5, ARF6,EMC3,ATG4B,ATG14,CALR. Interestingly, miR-624 affects the RAB7A interaction network in liver cancer cells, involving in CLTC，ITGB1，HNRNPU， DARS1， RPS16， CTPS1，H3-3B，JUN,MYH10， CUL5， CPSF7. Strikingly, excessive MEC3 abrogates the carcinogenic functions of miR-624. Importantly, our findings indicate that miR-624 affects some signaling pathway in liver cancer, including Wnt signaling pathway，Hippo signaling pathway，mTOR signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway，MAPK signaling pathway，PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, erbB signaling pathway. These results provide a basis for the treatment of human liver cancer.

miR-3200 accelerates the growth of liver cancer cells by enhancing Rab7A.

Researches indicate miR-3200 is closely related to tumorigenesis, However, the role of miR-3200 in human hepatocarcinogenesis is still unclear. In this study, we clearly demonstrate that miR-3200 accelerates the growth of liver cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Obviously, these findings are noteworthy that miR-3200 affects the transcriptional regulation for several genes, including DSP，BABAM2, Rab7A,SQSTM1,PRKAG2,CDK1,ABCE1,BECN1,PTEN,UPRT. And miR-3200 affects the transcriptional ability of several genes, such as, upregulating CADPS, DSP,FBXO32, PPCA,SGK1, PATXN7L1, PLK2,ITGB5,FZD3,HOXC8,HSPA1A,C-Myc,CyclnD1,CyclinE,PCNA and down -regulating SUV39H1, MYO1G, OLFML3, CBX5, PPDE2A, HOXA7, RAD54L, CDC45,SHMT7,MAD2L1,P27,IQGAP3,PTEN,P57,SCAMP3,etc...On the other hand, it is obvious that miR-3200 affects the translational ability of several genes, such as, upregulating GNS,UPRT,EIFAD,YOS1,SGK1,K-Ras,PKM2,C-myc,Pim1,CyclinD1,mTOR,erbB-2,CyclinE,PCNA,RRAS,ARAF,RAPH1,etc.. and down-regulating KDM2A, AATF, TMM17B, RAB8B, MYO1G,P21WAF1/Cip1,GADD45,PTEN,P27,P18,P57,SERBP1,RPL34,UFD1,Bax,ANXA6,GSK3ß. Strikingly, miR-3200 affects some signaling pathway in liver cancer, including carbon metabolism signaling pathway, DNA replication pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, serine and threonine metabolism signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, Fatty acid biosynthesis signaling pathway, carcinogenesis-receptor activation signaling pathway, autophagy signaling pathway. Furthermore, our results suggest that miR-3200 enhances expression of RAB7A, and then Rab7A regulates the carcinogenic function of miR-3200 by increasing telomere remodeling in human liver cancer. These results are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of human liver cancer.

Polyphenol-rich diet mediates interplay between macrophage-neutrophil and gut microbiota to alleviate intestinal inflammation.

Dietary phenolic acids alleviate intestinal inflammation through altering gut microbiota composition and regulating macrophage activation. However, it is unclear how individual phenolic acids affect the interactions between intestinal microbiota and macrophages in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we aim to elucidate the mechanism by which phenolic acids alleviate gut inflammation. Mice with or without depletion of macrophages were administered with four individual phenolic acids including chlorogenic, ferulic, caffeic, and ellagic acids, following dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment. Gut microbiota depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation were further performed in mice to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in phenolic acid-mediated protective effect. Colitis severity was evaluated using histological, serological, and immunological measurements. Absence of intestinal microbiota and macrophage deteriorate the epithelial injury in DSS colitis. Chlorogenic acid mitigated colitis by reducing M1 macrophage polarization through suppression of pyruvate kinase M 2 (Pkm2)-dependent glycolysis and inhibition of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (Nlrp3) activation. However, ferulic acid-mediated reduction of colitis was neutrophil-dependent through diminishing the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. On the other hand, the beneficial effects of caffeic acid and ellagic acid were dependent upon the gut microbiota. In fact, urolithin A (UroA), a metabolite transformed from ellagic acid by the gut microbiota, was found to alleviate colitis and enhance gut barrier function in an IL22-dependent manner. Overall, our findings demonstrated that the mechanisms by which phenolic acid protected against colitis were resulted from the interaction between gut microbiota and macrophage-neutrophil.

CircHULC accelerates the growth of human liver cancer stem cells by enhancing chromatin reprogramming and chromosomal instability via autophagy.

BACKGROUND: Although CircHULC was overexpressed in several cancers, the role of CircHULC in malignancies has yet to be elucidated. METHODS: Gene infection, tumorigenesis test in vitro and in vivo and the signaling pathway analysis were performed. RESULTS: our results indicate that CircHULC promotes growth of human liver cancer stem cells and the malignant differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells. Mechanistically, CircHULC enhances the methylation modification of PKM2 via CARM1 and the deacetylase Sirt1. Moreover, CircHULC enhances the binding ability of TP53INP2/DOR with LC3 and LC3 with ATG4, ATG3, ATG5, ATG12. Therefore, CircHULC promotes the formation of autophagosomes. In particular, the binding ability of phosphorylated Beclin1 (Ser14) to Vps15, Vps34, ATG14L were significantly increased after CircHULC was overexpressed. Strikingly, CircHULC affects the expression of chromatin reprogramming factors and oncogenes through autophagy. Thereafter, Oct4, Sox2, KLF4, Nanog, and GADD45 were significantly decreased and C-myc was increased after CircHULC was overexpressed. Thus, CircHULC promotes the expression of H-Ras, SGK, P70S6K, 4E-BP1, Jun, and AKT. Interestingly, both CARM1 and Sirt1 determine the cancerous function of CircHULC dependent on autophagy. CONCLUSIONS: we shed light on the fact that the targeted attenuation of deregulated functioning of CircHULC could be a viable approach for cancer treatment, and CircHULC may acts as the potential biomarker and therapeutic target for liver cancer.

Targeted metabolomics analysis for serum Helicobacter pylori-positive based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), as a harmful bacteria associated with gastric cancer, can have adverse effects on human normal flora and metabolism. However, the effects of H. pylori on human metabolism have not been fully elucidated. The 13 C breathing test was used as the basis for distinguishing negative and positive groups. Serum samples were collected from the two groups for targeted quantitative metabolomics detection; multidimensional statistics were used, including partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and differential metabolites were screened. Unidimensional statistics combined with multidimensional statistics were used to further screen potential biomarkers, and finally pathway analysis was performed. SPSS 21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of experimental data. Multivariate statistical analysis such as PLS-DA, PCA, and OPLS-DA was performed using Simca-P 13.0 to search for differential metabolites. This study confirmed that H. pylori caused significant changes in human metabolism. In this experiment, 211 metabolites were detected in the serum of the two groups. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that PCA of metabolites was not significantly different between the two groups. PLS-DA indicated that the serum of the two groups was well clustered. There were significant differences in metabolites between OPLS-DA groups. By setting the variable importance in projection (VIP) threshold as one and the corresponding P-value <0.05, a total of 40 metabolites were screened in this study. P <0.05 and ∣log2FC∣>0 (where FC is the fold change) were used together as a unidimensional statistical filter condition. The analysis found that the expression of 15 metabolites such as propionic acid, acetic acid, adipic acid increased, and the metabolism of six products such as deoxycholic acid (DCA), 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, pyruvic acid decreased. P <0.05, false discovery rate <0.5, ∣log2FC∣>1, and OPLSDA_VIP>1 were used together as a condition for filter screening potential biomarkers. Four potential biomarkers were screened, which were sebacic acid, isovaleric acid, DCA, and indole-3-carboxylic acid. Finally, the different metabolites were added to the pathway-associated metabolite sets (SMPDB) library for the corresponding pathway enrichment analysis. The significant abnormal metabolic pathways were taurine and subtaurine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, etc. This study shows that H. pylori has an impact on human metabolism. Not only a variety of metabolites have significant changes, but also metabolic pathways are abnormal, which may be the reason for the high risk of H. pylori causing gastric cancer.

Retraction Notice to: GLP2 Promotes Directed Differentiation from Osteosarcoma Cells to Osteoblasts and Inhibits Growth of Osteosarcoma Cells.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.12.009.].

Retraction Notice to: Inflammatory-Related P62 Triggers Malignant Transformation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through the Cascade of CUDR-CTCF-IGFII-RAS Signaling.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.03.002.].

Small extracellular vesicles from Ptpn1-deficient macrophages alleviate intestinal inflammation by reprogramming macrophage polarization via lactadherin enrichment.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 (Ptpn1) is known to be involved in macrophage polarization. However, whether and how Ptpn1 regulates macrophage phenotype to affect intestinal epithelial barrier function remains largely unexplored. Herein, we investigated the impact of Ptpn1 and macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) on macrophage-intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) interactions in the context of intestinal inflammation. We found that Ptpn1 knockdown shifts macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thereby promoting intestinal barrier integrity and suppressing inflammatory response in the macrophage-IEC co-culture model. We further revealed that conditioned medium or sEVs isolated from Ptp1b knockdown macrophages are the primary factor driving the beneficial outcomes. Consistently, administration of the sEVs from Ptpn1-knockdown macrophages reduced disease severity and ameliorated intestinal inflammation in LPS-challenged mice. Furthermore, depletion of macrophages in mice abrogated the protective effect of Ptpn1-knockdown macrophage sEVs against Salmonella Typhimurium infection. Importantly, we found lactadherin to be highly enriched in the sEVs of Ptpn1-knockdown macrophages. Administration of recombinant lactadherin alleviated intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction by inducing macrophage M2 polarization. Interestingly, sEVs lactadherin was also internalized by macrophages and IECs, leading to macrophage M2 polarization and enhanced intestinal barrier integrity. Mechanistically, the anti-inflammatory and barrier-enhancing effect of lactadherin was achieved by reducing TNF-α and NF-κB activation. Thus, we demonstrated that sEVs from Ptpn1-knockdown macrophages mediate the communication between IECs and macrophages through enrichment of lactadherin. The outcome could potentially lead to the development of novel therapies for intestinal inflammatory disorders.

Assessing the Mechanism of Action of "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen" in Prostate Cancer Treatment Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of action of "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen" in the treatment of prostate cancer using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: The active ingredients and targets of "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen" were obtained by searching the TCMSP and DrugBank databases. These were matched and corrected using the UniProt platform. A drug "active ingredient-target" network map was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.0. Prostate cancer-related targets were acquired from GeneCards, Disgenet, DrugBank, and other databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network between the drug and prostate cancer was constructed with BioGenet; the crossover network of the two targets was extracted derive the key targets of "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen" for prostate cancer treatment. We used the Metascape platform for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the key targets. AutoDockTools1.5.6 and PyMOL software were used to perform molecular docking. Results: We obtained 13 active ingredients, 221 drug targets, 1511 prostate cancer targets (including 221 key targets), and 305 KEGG pathways from "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen." Paclitaxel, quercetin, kaempferol, TP53, ß-sitosterol, EGFR, and ESR1 in "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen" showed good docking activity. Conclusion: "Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Cuscutae Semen" is a valuable clinical guide for the treatment of prostate cancer with multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway characteristics.

Magnetic-Powered Janus Cell Robots Loaded with Oncolytic Adenovirus for Active and Targeted Virotherapy of Bladder Cancer.

A unique robotic medical platform is designed by utilizing cell robots as the active "Trojan horse" of oncolytic adenovirus (OA), capable of tumor-selective binding and killing. The OA-loaded cell robots are fabricated by entirely modifying OA-infected 293T cells with cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide (cRGD) to specifically bind with bladder cancer cells, followed by asymmetric immobilization of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on the cell surface. OA can replicate in host cells and induce cytolysis to release the virus progeny to the surrounding tumor sites for sustainable infection and oncolysis. The asymmetric coating of magnetic NPs bestows the cell robots with effective movement in various media and wireless manipulation with directional migration in a microfluidic device and bladder mold under magnetic control, further enabling steerable movement and prolonged retention of cell robots in the mouse bladder. The biorecognition of cRGD and robust, controllable propulsion of cell robots work synergistically to greatly enhance their tissue penetration and anticancer efficacy in the 3D cancer spheroid and orthotopic mouse bladder tumor model. Overall, this study integrates cell-based microrobots with virotherapy to generate an attractive robotic system with tumor specificity, expanding the operation scope of cell robots in biomedical community.

XIST/miR-34a-5p/PDL1 axis regulated the development of lung cancer cells and the immune function of CD8+ T cells.

PURPOSE: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) XIST has been shown to be involved in the immune escape of breast cancer, but it is unclear whether it is involved in the immune escape of lung cancer, so it will be discussed in this study. METHODS: XIST and miR-34a-5p expression in lung cancer tissues and cells were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The targeting relationship between miR-34a-5p and XIST/programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PDL1) was predicted by bioinformatics website and verified by dual-luciferase report experiment. After co-transfection with XIST specific short hairpin RNA (sh-XIST) and miR-34a-5p inhibitors, the changes in PDL1 expression, and cell biological behavior were detected by qRT-PCR, cell counting kit 8, flow cytometry, and Transwell experiments. Similarly, after co-transfection of PDL1 specific small interfering RNA (siPDL1) and miR-34a-5p inhibitors, the changes in cell biological behavior were detected again. After CD8+ T cells were co-cultured with lung cancer cells transfected with sh-XIST and miR-34a-5p inhibitors, the expression of cytokines and immunosuppressive molecules was detected by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: XIST was up-regulated in lung cancer tissues, while miR-34a-5p was the opposite. XIST up-regulated the expression of PDL1 by targeting miR-34a-5p, thereby affecting the viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. In the co-culture system, XIST targeted miR-34a-5p to inhibit cytokines secretion and promote the expression of immunosuppressive molecules. CONCLUSIONS: XIST/miR-34a-5p/PDL1 axis was involved in the malignant biological behavior of lung cancer cells and the immune function of CD8+ T cells.

The High Level of Xylooligosaccharides Improves Growth Performance in Weaned Piglets by Increasing Antioxidant Activity, Enhancing Immune Function, and Modulating Gut Microbiota.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the high level of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) on growth performance, antioxidant capability, immune function, and fecal microbiota in weaning piglets. The results showed that 28 d body weight exhibited linear and quadratic increases (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary XOS level, as well as average daily feed intake (ADFI) on d 15-28, average daily gain (ADG) on d 15-28 and 1-28. There was a linear decrease (P < 0.05) between XOS levels and feed conversion rate (FCR) on d 1-14 and 1-28. Additionally, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) showed a linear increase (P < 0.05), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level decreased linearly and quadratically (P < 0.05) with the increasing dietary level of XOS. Moreover, the XOS treatments markedly increased the levels of immunoglobulin A (Ig A) (linear, P < 0.05; quadratic, P < 0.05), IgM (quadratic, P < 0.05), IgG (linear, P < 0.05), and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) (quadratic, P < 0.05) in serum, while the IL-1ß (linear, P < 0.05; quadratic, P < 0.05) and IL-6 (linear, P < 0.05) decreased with increasing level of XOS. Microbiota analysis showed that dietary supplementation with 1.5% XOS decreased (P < 0.05) the α-diversity and enriched (P < 0.05) beneficial bacteria including Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Fusicatenibacter at the genus level, compared with the control group. Importantly, linearly increasing responses (P < 0.05) to fecal acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were observed with increasing level of XOS. Spearman correlation analyses found that Lactobacillus abundance was positively correlated with ADG, acetate, propionate, and IgA (P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with IL-1ß (P < 0.05). Bifidobacterium abundance was positively related with ADFI, total SCFAs, IgG, and IL-10 (P < 0.05), as well as g_Fusicatenibacter abundance with ADFI, total SCFAs, and IL-10. However, Bifidobacterium and Fusicatenibacter abundances were negatively associated with MDA levels (P < 0.05). In summary, dietary supplementation with XOS can improve the growth performance in weaning piglets by increasing antioxidant capability, enhancing immune function, and promoting beneficial bacteria counts.

Interventional Treatment of Bronchiectasis Macrosomia Based on Multirow CT Tomography Monitoring.

We present in this paper an in-depth study and analysis of bronchiectasis haemoptysis by multirow CT tomography and a multifaceted treatment and analysis of the interventions monitored by the scan. Although coronary CT is of great clinical value in the diagnosis and monitoring of coronary artery disease, the potential radiation damage caused by coronary CT should not be underestimated because CT imaging is based on X-rays and the actual effective dose is 5-30 mSv, which is reported in the literature to be high when using conventional imaging modalities for coronary CT. Although there is no direct evidence of a definite causal relationship between X-ray exposure during CT examinations and tumorigenesis, theoretically, even small doses of radiation exposure may pose some potential health risk. Therefore, in clinical practice, coronary CT examinations should be performed in strict compliance with the radiation protection rule "as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA) recognized by the radiation industry. For longitudinal openings in the range of 0° to 59° and transverse openings in the range of 0° to 44°, the CB2 catheter is significantly more stable than the MIK catheter, and for longitudinal openings in the range of 60° to 119° and transverse openings in the range of 0° to 44°, the CB2 catheter is more stable than the MIK catheter. For longitudinal openings from 0° to 120° and lateral openings from 45° to 90°, there was no significant difference in cannulation stability between the CB2 and MIK catheters. There was a potential tendency for MIK cannulation stability to be higher than CB2 for longitudinal openings in the range of 120° to 180° and lateral openings in the range of 45° to 90°, but there was no significant difference.

Multifunctional Metal-Organic Framework Exoskeletons Protect Biohybrid Sperm Microrobots for Active Drug Delivery from the Surrounding Threats.

Utilizing spermatozoa as the engine unit of robotic systems at a microscale has brought revolutionized inspirations and strategies to the biomedical community. However, the motility of sperms is impaired by the surrounding threats. For example, the antisperm antibody (AsA) can specifically bind with surface antigens on the sperm membrane and adversely affect their propulsion, hindering the operation of sperm-based microrobots in practical environments. In the present work, we report a biohybrid sperm microrobot by encapsulating sperm cells within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles (NPs) (ZIFSpermbot), capable of active drug delivery and cytoprotection from the biological threats of AsA. ZIF-8 NPs can be facilely coated on the sperm membrane through complexation with tannic acid. Such cell surface engineering has a negligible impact on sperm motility under optimized conditions. The selective permeability of the resulting porous ZIF-8 wrappings protects ZIFSpermbots from the specific binding of AsA, enabling the preservation of intrinsic propulsion of the sperm engine. Besides, ZIF-8 wrappings sustainably release zinc ions and attenuate the oxidative damage generated in sperm cells, allowing the maintenance of sperm movement. Combining the effective protection of sperm propulsion with the drug-loading capacity of ZIF-8 NPs provides new applicability to ZIFSpermbots in risky surroundings with AsA, exhibiting rapid migration in a microfluidic device for active drug delivery with enhanced therapeutic efficacy due to their retained effective propulsion. Imparting bioengine-based microrobots with multifunctional wrappings holds great promise for designing adaptive cell robots that endure harsh environments toward locally extended and diverse operations, facilitating their use in practical and clinical applications.

miR-1307 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by CALR-OSTC-endoplasmic reticulum protein folding pathway.

miR-1307 is highly expressed in liver cancer and inhibits methyltransferase protein8. Thereby, miR-1307 inhibits the expression of KDM3A and KDM3B and increases the methylation modification of histone H3 lysine 9, which enhances the expression of endoplasmic-reticulum-related gene CALR. Of note, miR-1307 weakens the binding ability of OSTC to CDK2, CDK4, CyclinD1, and cyclinE and enhances the binding ability of CALR to CDK2, CDK4, CyclinD1, and cyclinE, decreasing of p21WAF1/CIP1, GADD45, pRB, and p18, and decreasing of ppRB. Furthermore, miR-1307 increases the activity of H-Ras, PKM2, and PLK1. Strikingly, miR-1307 reduces the binding ability of OSTC to ATG4 and enhances the binding ability of CALR to ATG4. Therefore, miR-1307 reduces the occurrence of autophagy based on ATG4-LC3-ATG3-ATG7-ATG5-ATG16L1-ATG12-ATG9- Beclin1. In particular, miR-1307 enhances the expression of PAK2, PLK1, PRKAR2A, MYBL1, and Trim44 and inhibits the expression of Sash1 and Smad5 via autophagy. Our observations suggest that miR-1307 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by CALR-OSTC-endoplasmic reticulum protein folding pathway.

Comparison of the Wiltse Approach and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation Under O-arm Navigation for the Treatment of Thoracolumbar Fractures.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the Wiltse approach and percutaneous pedicle screw placement under O-arm navigation for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 54 patients with neurologically intact thoracolumbar fracture who received minimally invasive treatments between October 2014 and October 2018 in this retrospective study. Among these, 28 patients (22 males and six females, with a mean age of 48.6 ± 9.6 years) were treated with pedicle screw fixation through the Wiltse approach (WPSF), and another 26 (15 males and 11 females, with a mean age of 45.7 ± 10.6 years) received percutaneous pedicle screw fixation under O-arm navigation (OPSF). Statistical methods were used to perform a detailed comparison of clinical outcomes, radiologic findings, and complications between the two groups obtained preoperatively, postoperatively, and at last follow-up. RESULTS: All patients underwent surgery successfully and finished a follow-up of more than 12 months. No serious complications, such as infection, blood vessel injury, or spinal cord or nerve root injury occurred. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores, local Cobb angle (LCA), vertebral wedge angle (VWA), and R value were notably improved after surgery, though there was no clear discrepancy between the groups at each time point (P > 0.05). During the follow-up period, no patients developed neurological impairment or implant-related complications, and no patients underwent revision surgery. The WPSF group had a significantly shorter operation time than the OPSF group (68.1 ± 9.8 vs 76.1 ± 9.0 minutes, P = 0.005). Moreover, the WPSF group showed less cost of surgery than the WPSF group (48142.1 ± 1430.1 vs 59035.4 ± 1152.7 CNY, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the intraoperative bleeding, length of incision, or postoperative hospitalization time (P > 0.05). The accuracy of pedicle screw placement was 95.2% (160/168) in the WPSF group and 96.8% (151/156) in the OPSF group, with no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.432). CONCLUSION: Both WPSF and OPSF were safe and effective for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture. Although the two groups showed favorable clinical and radiologic outcomes through to final follow-up, we recommended the minimally invasive WPSF given its shorter operation time and lower cost of surgery.