The Association Between S100A12 Protein and C-Reactive Protein with Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias Following Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly.

Objective: To investigate the association of S100A12 protein and C-reactive protein (CRP) with the onset of malignant ventricular arrhythmias (MVA) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the elderly. Methods: A total of 159 elderly AMI patients admitted to Chongming Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences from January 2018 to January 2023 were enrolled in the study. CRP levels were determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer, and S100A12 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were categorized based on the Lown classification into groups without MVA and with MVA. Univariate analysis was initially performed to identify independent variables, followed by multivariate logistic regression to determine the risk factors for malignant ventricular arrhythmias post-AMI. The predictive value of S100A12 protein and CRP for malignant ventricular arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction in the elderly was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Among the 159 patients with AMI, 27 (17%) had MVA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that both S100A12 protein and CRP could be independent risk factors for malignant ventricular arrhythmias following acute myocardial infarction in the elderly (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve showed the area under the curve (AUC) for S100A12 protein to be 0.7147, for CRP 0.7356, and for the combined diagnosis 0.8350 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: S100A12 protein and CRP are independent risk factors for MVA after MI in the elderly. The combined application of S100A12 protein and CRP has higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

Elevated level of miR-17 along with decreased levels of TIMP-1 and IL-6 in plasma associated with the risk of in-stent restenosis.

In-stent restenosis is highly related to the deposition of inflammatory extracellular matrix and the migration of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. The miR-17/TIMP-1/interleukin pathway regulates vascular matrix remodeling and plays an important role in the inflammatory reaction. This study identified miR-17 and its related biomarkers in serum that potentially indicated susceptibility to in-stent restenosis (ISR) after coronary artery stenting. Subjects were 42 patients with single de novo coronary artery lesions who underwent regular coronary angiography one year after percutaneous coronary intervention. The clinical baseline information was recorded. Serum levels of biomarkers (including miR-17, TIMP-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-2R, TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-1beta) were measured with real-time PCR or ELISA. Intergroup comparisons were used to compare patients with or without ISR. Compared to levels in the non-restenosis group, the serum miR-17 level was significantly higher (3.13 ± 0.22 vs. 1.06 ± 0.04, p < 0.01) and the serum TIMP-1 and IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the ISR group (TIMP-1: 0.33 ± 0.04 vs. 1.00 ± 0.05, p < 0.01; IL-6: 1.64 ± 0.18 vs. 3.52 ± 0.11, p < 0.01). Moreover, the levels of TIMP-1 and IL-6 decreased as the level of miR-17 increased. Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that the miR-17 level was inversely correlated with TIMP-1 and IL-6 levels. Findings suggest that an elevated level of miR-17 and decreased levels of TIMP-1 and IL-6 may be associated with the risk of ISR, which is in accordance with vascular matrix remodeling and an inflammatory reaction during the pathologic process of ISR. This study highlighted the potential for miR-17, TIMP-1, and IL-6 to serve as biomarkers for ISR.

Evidence for apoplasmic phloem unloading in developing apple fruit.

The phloem unloading pathway remains unclear in fleshy fruits accumulating a high level of soluble sugars. A structural investigation in apple fruit (Malus domestica Borkh. cv Golden Delicious) showed that the sieve element-companion cell complex of the sepal bundles feeding the fruit flesh is symplasmically isolated over fruit development. 14C-autoradiography indicated that the phloem of the sepal bundles was functional for unloading. Confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging of carboxyfluorescein unloading showed that the dye remained confined to the phloem strands of the sepal bundles from the basal to the apical region of the fruit. A 52-kD putative monosaccharide transporter was immunolocalized predominantly in the plasma membrane of both the sieve elements and parenchyma cells and its amount increased during fruit development. A 90-kD plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase was also localized in the plasma membrane of the sieve element-companion cell complex. Studies of [14C]sorbitol unloading suggested that an energy-driven monosaccharide transporter may be functional in phloem unloading. These data provide clear evidence for an apoplasmic phloem unloading pathway in apple fruit and give information on the structural and molecular features involved in this process.