ODF3B affects the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma via the JAK/STAT pathway.

The pathogenesis of glioma has remained unclear. In this study, it was found that high expression of the outer dense fibers of sperm tail 3B (ODF3B) in gliomas was positively correlated with the grade of glioma. The higher the grade, the worse the prognosis. ODF3B is closely related to the growth and apoptosis of glioma. In terms of mechanism, ODF3B was found to affect the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma through the JAK1 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways. ODF3B was also found to affect the growth and apoptosis of glioma in vivo. We conclude that ODF3B affects glioma proliferation and apoptosis via the JAK/STAT pathway and is a potential therapeutic target.

The Dual Effects of Exosomes on Glioma: A Comprehensive Review.

Glioma is a frequently occurring type of cancer that affects the central nervous system. Despite the availability of standardized treatment options including surgical resection, concurrent radiotherapy, and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) therapy, the prognosis for glioma patients is often unfavorable. Exosomes act as vehicles for intercellular communication, contributing to tissue repair, immune modulation, and the transfer of metabolic cargo to recipient cells. However, the transmission of abnormal substances can also contribute to pathologic states such as cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The field of exosome research in oncology has seen significant advancements, with exosomes identified as dynamic modulators of tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as angiogenesis and drug resistance. Exosomes have negligible cytotoxicity, low immunogenicity, and small size, rendering them an ideal therapeutic candidate for glioma. This comprehensive review discusses the dual effects of exosomes in glioma, with an emphasis on their role in facilitating drug resistance. Furthermore, the clinical applications and current limitations of exosomes in glioma therapy are also discussed in detail.

Novel heterozygous F7 gene mutation (c. C1286T) associated with congenital factor VII deficiency: A case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Congenital factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by prolongation of prothrombin time and low FVII coagulation activity, which may increase the risk of bleeding. CASE PRESENTATION: A 66-year-old man with acute postoperative intracranial hemorrhage was transferred to our hospital owing to coagulation dysfunction. In coagulation tests, the FVII coagulation activity was less than 2%. Genetic analysis of the gene encoding FVII identified compound heterozygous mutations: c. 681+1 G>T and c. C1286T (p. Ala429Val). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the c. C1286T (p. Ala429Val) mutation in the FVII-encoding gene. We suggest that these mutations resulted in the reduced FVII activity and abnormal clotting in our patient after brain surgery.

Extracranial multiorgan metastasis from primary glioblastoma: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma has a high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis. It is common to have in situ recurrence and intracranial metastasis, while extracranial metastasis is rare, and extracranial multiorgan metastasis is extremely rare. We report a case of glioblastoma with extracranial multiorgan metastasis, which will strengthen clinicians' attention to the extracranial metastasis of glioblastoma and its treatment. CASE SUMMARY: A male patient visited our hospital for treatment of dizziness and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a space-occupying lesion in the right temporoparietal occipital region. Chest computed tomography and abdominal ultrasound were normal, and no space-occupying lesions were observed in other organs of the body. The patient underwent surgery and diagnosed with glioblastoma. Postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were completed. During the follow-up, the tumor was found to have metastasized to the scalp and neck, and a second tumor resection was performed. Postoperative follow-up revealed extracranial metastases to multiple extracranial organs including skull, scalp, ribs, spine, liver and lung. His family members refused further treatment, and requested only symptomatic treatment such as pain relief, and the patient died of systemic multiple organ failure. Survival time from diagnosis to death was 13 mo and from extracranial metastasis to death was 6 mo. CONCLUSION: Glioblastoma extracranial metastasis is extremely rare, clinicians should always pay attention to its existence. The mechanism of glioblastoma extracranial metastasis is still unclear, and genetic and molecular studies are required.

Association Between Oral Microbiota and Human Brain Glioma Grade: A Case-Control Study.

Gliomas are the most prevalent form of primary malignant brain tumor, which currently have no effective treatments. Evidence from human studies has indicated that oral microbiota is closely related to cancers; however, whether oral microbiota plays a role in glioma malignancy remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association between oral microbiota and grade of glioma and examine the relationship between malignancy-related oral microbial features and the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation in glioma. High-grade glioma (HGG; n=23) patients, low-grade glioma (LGG; n=12) patients, and healthy control (HCs; n=24) participants were recruited for this case-control study. Saliva samples were collected and analyzed for 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. We found that the shift in oral microbiota ß-diversity was associated with high-grade glioma (p=0.01). The phylum Patescibacteria was inversely associated with glioma grade (LGG and HC: p=0.035; HGG and HC: p<0.01). The genera Capnocytophaga (LGG and HC: p=0.043; HGG and HC: p<0.01) and Leptotrichia (LGG and HC: p=0.044; HGG and HC: p<0.01) were inversely associated with glioma grades. The genera Bergeyella and Capnocytophaga were significantly more positively correlated with the IDH1 mutation in gliomas when compared with the IDH1-wild-type group. We further identified five oral microbial features (Capnocytophaga Porphyromonas, Haemophilus, Leptotrichia, and TM7x) that accurately discriminated HGG from LGG (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44-0.83) and HCs (AUC: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68-0.92). The functional prediction analysis of oral bacterial communities showed that genes involved in cell adhesion molecules (p<0.001), extracellular matrix molecule-receptor interaction (p<0.001), focal adhesion (p<0.001), and regulation of actin cytoskeleton (p<0.001) were associated with glioma grades, and some microbial gene functions involving lipid metabolism and the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling pathway were significantly more enriched in IDH1 mutant gliomas than compared with the IDH1-wild-type gliomas. In conclusion, our work revealed oral microbiota features and gene functions that were associated with glioma malignancy and the IDH1 mutation in glioma.