[Use of optical coherence tomography angiography in assessment in conjunctival vascular architecture in health and pathology]. / Vozmozhnosti opticheskoi kogerentnoi tomografii v angiorezhime v otsenke angioarkhitektoniki kon"yunktivy v norme i pri patologii.

PURPOSE: Investigation of the capabilities of anterior segment (AS) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in evaluation of conjunctival vascular architecture in healthy individuals and in various pathological conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 17 healthy volunteers (34 eyes; the control group) and 62 patients (68 eyes) with conjunctival lesions of various nature. All participants underwent AS-OCT and AS-OCTA with assessment of qualitative (vessels pattern, lumen, pathologic tortuosity) and quantitative parameters (vessel density (VD, %) in the lesion area). Mean VD (MVD) and local VD (LVD) were determined, as well as VD in perifocal tissues (PVD). RESULTS: OCTA scans in 8 conjunctival sectors showed mostly radial pattern of the vascular architecture, with vessel lumen remaining the same over their entire visible length. Larger-sized vessels in deeper conjunctival layers were discovered in most cases. The lowest VD value (33.3%) was registered in the superotemporal quadrant, and the highest (38.9%) - in the nasal. Tortuosity of the vessels with course disruption, uneven lumen over the length of the vessels and increase in VD were observed in the area of conjunctival lesions in all cases excluding congenital abnormalities, pingueculae and conjunctival melanocytic intraepithelial neoplasia. The malignant nature of the tumors was indicated by dense vessel distribution and difficulties for visualization of intravascular space, and confirmed by pathohistological analysis. An increase in the number of areas with a lace-like pattern was characteristic for melanomas, with mean VD of more than 50% in the most vascularized areas. CONCLUSION: AS-OCTA is an informative method for the visualization of vessels in healthy conjunctiva and in conjunctival pathology. Local VD in the lesion area should be measured when the vessels are unevenly distributed.

[Possibilities of ultrasound methods in diagnostics of eyelid tumors]. / Vozmozhnosti ul'trazvukovykh metodov issledovaniya v diagnostike novoobrazovanii vek.

PURPOSE: To determine the informative value of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) with A-scan for assessment of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of eyelid tumors less than 5 mm in size. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 25 patients (25 eyes) with eyelid tumors less than 5 mm in size. In addition to standard ophthalmic examination, complex ultrasound diagnostics including B-scan, Color Doppler imaging and UBM with A-scan were performed. The localization, size, structure of eyelid tumors and the state of perifocal tissues were evaluated. All patients underwent surgical treatment with following histological examinations of dissected tissues. Due to qualitative analysis of the studied formations and small number of included patients, there was no need in statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: Complex application of UBM and A-scan allowed specifying the localization, size, structure of the small-sized tumors and detecting typical echographic signs of benign or malignant properties of the pathological process. Ultrasound data (UBM and A-scan) of eyelid tumors was highly correlated to histological features. CONCLUSION: UBM with A-scan can be recommended for differential diagnostics of small-sized tumors and optimizing their management.