The Risk of Adverse Effects of TNF-α Inhibitors in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Network Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety of each anti-TNF therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and then make the best choice in clinical practice. METHODS: We searched PUBMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The deadline for retrieval is August 2021. The ORs, Confidence Intervals (CIs), and p values were calculated by STATA.16.0 software for assessment. RESULT: 72 RCTs involving 28332 subjects were included. AEs were more common with adalimumab combined disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) compared with placebo (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.42), DMARDs (1.28, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.52), etanercept combined DMARDs (1.32, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.67); certolizumab combined DMARDs compared with placebo (1.63, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.46), DMARDs (1.30, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.54), etanercept combined DMARDs (1.34, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.70). In SAEs, comparisons between treatments showed adalimumab (0.20, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.59), etanercept combined DMARDs (0.39, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.96), golimumab (0.19, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.77), infliximab (0.15, 95% CI: 0.03,0.71) decreased the risk of SAEs compared with golimumab combined DMARDs. In infections, comparisons between treatments showed adalimumab combined DMARDs (0.59, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.95), etanercept (0.49, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.88), etanercept combined DMARDs (0.56, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.91), golimumab combined DMARDs (0.51, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.83) decreased the risk of infections compared with infliximab combined DMARDs. No evidence indicated that the use of TNF-α inhibitors influenced the risk of serious infections, malignant tumors. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we regard etanercept monotherapy as the optimal choice for RA patients in clinical practice when the efficacy is similar. Conversely, certolizumab + DMARDs therapy is not recommended. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: identifier PROSPERO CRD42021276176.

Effect of Statins on the Risk of Different Stages of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this article was to investigate the relationship between statins and the risk of different stages or grades of prostate cancer. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed for articles published until December 18, 2020, on the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were then analyzed using the STATA.16.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 588,055 patients from 14 studies were included in the analysis. We found that the use of statins expressed a significant correlation with a lower risk of advanced prostate cancer (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73-0.91; RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99, respectively). However, no evidence suggested that the use of statins was beneficial for the prevention of localized prostate cancer incidence. Similarly, the pooled results also revealed no association between the use of statins and the risk of high-grade and low-grade prostate cancer. CONCLUSION: It has been found that the use of statins is associated with a lower risk of advanced prostate cancer but was not related to the risk of localized, low-grade, or high-grade prostate cancer.

Oxidative Stress Induces Neuronal Apoptosis Through Suppressing Transcription Factor EB Phosphorylation at Ser467.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study determined the role and mechanism of action of transcription factor EB (TFEB) in H2O2-induced neuronal apoptosis. METHODS: SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Akt inhibitor/activator and different concentrations of H2O2. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Akt and TFEB phosphorylation and PARP cleavage were determined by Western blotting. HEK293T cells were transfected with different truncated TFEB mutants and HA-Akt-WT; SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with Flag-vector, Flag-TFEB, Flag-TFEB-S467A or Flag-TFEB-S467D; and TFEB interaction with Akt was determined by co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays. RESULTS: A low concentration of H2O2 induces TFEB phosphorylation at Ser467 and nuclear translocation, facilitating neuronal survival, whereas a high concentration of H2O2 promotes SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis via suppressing TFEB Ser467 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. The TFEB-S467D mutant is more easily translocated into the nucleus than the non-phosphorylated TFEB-S467A mutant. Further, Akt physically binds to TFEB via its C-terminal tail interaction with the HLH domain of TFEB and phosphorylates TFEB at Ser467. Mutation of TFEB-Ser467 can prevent the phosphorylation of TFEB by Akt, preventing inhibition of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidative stress induces neuronal apoptosis through suppressing TFEB phosphorylation at Ser467 by Akt, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.

[The clinical analysis of 51 taxi drivers with peptic ulcer].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the main pathogenic factor causing the peptic ulcer of taxi drivers, which provide the basis for its prevention. METHODS: 98 taxi drivers were inspected by electronic endoscopy, according to the inspection all cases were divided into ulcers group and normal group. Then various factors were statuses by the logistic regression analysis according to the results of questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of peptic ulcer of taxi drivers was 52.0%, and logistic regression analysis showed that dining time, taste spicy, meals temperature, smoking,alcohol, mental stress, HP infection and stomach health knowledge were statistically significant (P < 0.05), which would be the risk factors for peptic ulcer of taxi drivers. CONCLUSION: By emphasis on diet and lifestyle adjustments, stress regulation on the basis of eradication of HP infection will help the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer of the taxi driver.