[Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type involving the larynx and digestive tract: a case report and literature review].

Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type（ENKTL） is a highly aggressive malignant tumor derived from NK cells. This article reports a case of ENKTL invading the larynx and digestive tract. The clinical clinical manifestations include hoarseness and intranasal masses.

A population-based cohort study for presence of ulceration among cutaneous malignant melanoma subgroups of patients.

Background: Observational studies suggest that ulceration is considered to be a negative prognostic factor for cutaneous melanoma. However, the impact of ulceration over different subgroups (e.g. AJCC Stage, thickness level) are controversial and its true causal effect on survival is lack of studies in the view of treating ulceration as an exposure. Objective: To explore the true causal effect of ulceration on melanoma's survival by adopting a combination of methods to discover proper adjustment set and confirming its correctness through a variety of means. Methods: A minimal sufficient adjustment set (MSAS) was found using directed acyclic graphs (DAG) to adjust the effect of causality. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to diagnose potential confounders in addition to MSAS. Cox models were built to analyze the causality in-depth and the model was validated using a novel method. Lastly, stratified effects of ulceration were examined to illustrate its impact within subgroups. Results: Hazard ratio (HR) of ulceration after adjustment by MSAS variables was 1.99 (95% CI=1.88-2.09). The sensitivity analysis of propensity score matching and E-value both demonstrated that variables other than MSAS do not have great influence on ulceration and MSS relationship. The HR of ulceration in AJCC Stage, thickness level, invasion level and tumor extension were all monotonically decreased from 5.76 to 1.57, 4.03 to 1.78, 2.75 to 1.78 and 2.65 to 1.71 respectively. Conclusion: Ulceration in all subgroups were shown to have a significantly negative impact on MSS and its magnitude of effect was monotonically decreased as the disease progressed. The true effect of ulceration can be adjusted by MSAS and its correctness was validated through a variety of approaches.

[Superficial angiomyxoma in nasal vestibule: a case report].

This paper reported a case of superficial angiomyxoma in the region of the nasal vestibule. The clinical manifestation was swelling of the left nasal vestibular skin, while paranasal sinus CT showed swell soft tissue in the anterior and superior region to the left maxilla. Under general anesthesia, the left nasal vestibular mass was resected under nasal endoscopy. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was superficial angiomyxoma. The patient underwent a CT scan of the paranasal sinuses 4 months after the operation, and there was no recurrence of the tumor.

[Effect of combined acupuncture-medicine anesthesia in thyroid nodule ablation and its effect on serum ß-endorphin].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anesthetic effect of combined acupuncture-medicine anesthesia in microwave ablation of benign thyroid nodules and its effect on serum ß-endorphin. METHODS: A total of 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria and received microwave ablation of benign thyroid nodules were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group, with 30 patients in each. The patients in the treatment group were given combined acupuncture-medicine anesthesia, and those in the control group were given intravenous anesthesia. The two groups were compared in terms of the sedative and analgesic effects of anesthesia, amount of anesthetics used, incidence rate of intraoperative snore and respiratory depression, and change in serum ß-endorphin level before anesthesia, before surgery, and after the surgery. RESULTS: Both groups obtained satisfactory anesthetic effects. Compared with the control group, the sedation score, the amounts of fentanyl and propofol used, the incidence rates of intraoperative snore and respiratory depression in the treatment group were obviously lower (P<0.05, P<0.01). The treatment group had an increase in serum ß-endorphin level before surgery and at the end of surgery (P<0.05), while the control group showed no significant change in serum ß-endorphin level at each time point. CONCLUSION: In microwave ablation of benign thyroid nodules, combined acupuncture-medicine anesthesia has good sedative and analgesic effects and can reduce the amounts of anesthetics used as well as the incidence rates of intraoperative snore and respiratory depression. The analgesic effect of acupuncture anesthesia is associated with increased ß-endorphin secretion.

[Design of Internal Grasper Based on Magnetic Anchoring Technique in Trocar-Less Laparoscopic Surgery].

Laparoscopic surgery based on magnetic anchor technique has great potential for further minimally invasive surgery and good surgical field exposure, in which the internal grasper is the key factor. In this paper, an internal grasper based on magnetic anchor laparoscopic surgery is designed, which consists of three parts:target magnet, connection module and tissue forceps. The magnetic shield shell is used to wrap the magnetic core in the target magnet, which not only can increase the magnetic force in the working area, but also reduce the magnetic interference between the instruments, and the connecting module can flexibly adjust the length of the internal grasper. The special structure of tissue gripper can effectively reduce deputy injury and facilitate the replacement of clamp position. It has many advantages, such as ingenious design, easy processing, simple operation and wide range of application, which greatly increased its clinical application value.

A novel magnetic compression technique for small intestinal end-to-side anastomosis in rats.

BACKGROUND: Magnetic compression technology is a safe and convenient digestive tract reconstruction technique in large animals. The purpose of this study was to verify the feasibility of using the micromagnetic ring for construction of small intestinal end-to-side anastomosis in rats. METHODS: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley albino rats were randomly divided into two groups: a study group that underwent small intestinal anastomosis with micromagnetic ring and a control group that had hand-sewn anastomosis. The time to construct the anastomosis, survival rate and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. The anastomotic segments in each group were harvested on day 28 after surgery and investigated. RESULTS: The mean anastomosis construction time was significantly lower in the study group than the control group (6.80 ±â€¯1.97 min vs. 16.13 ±â€¯3.29 min, P < 0.05). The survival rate was significantly higher in the study group (93.3%, 14/15) than the control group (66.7%, 10/15; P < 0.05). The incidence of anastomotic leakage [0% (0/15) vs. 6.67% (1/15), P = 1.000] and obstruction [20% (3/15) vs. 13.33% (2/15), P = 0.330] was similar in the study group and control group. The mean burst pressure did not differ significantly between the magnetic compression and hand-sewn anastomosis. In the study group, alignment of the tissue layers was improved and the inflammatory reaction was milder. CONCLUSION: Use of a micromagnetic ring for small intestinal end-to-side anastomosis in rats is safe and feasible.

Gastrojejunal anastomosis in rats using the magnetic compression technique.

Rats are suitable animal models in which to study the effects of gastric bypass surgery. However, construction of gastrojejunal anastomosis in the rat is technically demanding and is associated with high rate of postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of the magnetic compression technique (MCT) in side-to-side gastrojejunal anastomosis in rats. Thirty male rats underwent gastrojejunal anastomosis using one of three techniques: hand-sewn, magnetic compression using cuboid magnets, and magnetic compression using magnetic rings. The mean anastomosis time using the magnetic compression technique was significantly less than that of the hand-sewn technique (3.6 ± 0.96 and 6.50 ± 1.58 vs. 14.40 ± 2.37 minutes,). The survival rate was highest in animals treated with magnetic compression using cuboid magnets (100%), followed by animals treated with magnetic compression using magnetic rings (90%) and then hand sewing (70%). The mean burst pressure did not differ significantly between the magnetic compression and hand-sewn anastomoses. Anastomoses constructed by magnetic compression were smoother and flatter than hand-sewn anastomoses. The results showed that MCT is a simple and feasible method for gastrojejunal anastomosis in the rat.

[Value of CODEHOP RT-pCR in detection of Flavivirus].

This study aims to analyse the value of CODEHOP RT-PCR in the detection of Flavivirus. According to the amino acid sequences of polyproteins of different flaviviruses published in GenBank, a pair of primers was designed using the CODEHOP method. One-step RT-PCR was used to detect Japanese encephalitis virus strain JEV1201, Dengue virus strain JKD001, and yellow fever virus vaccine YV6161. BLAST analysis and phylogenetic analysis were performed after the RT-PCR products of nucleocapsid genes were sequenced. The results showed that this method could amplify Flavivirus specifically, and the size and sequence of the target fragment accorded with the anticipated result. JEV1201 had the highest homology to Japanese encephalitis virus strain YL2009-4/YC2009-3, belonging to the branch of the phylogenetic tree of Japanese encephalitis virus strains. JKD001 had the highest homology to Dengue virus strain DENV-2/ID/1022DN/1975, belonging to the branch of the phylogenetic tree of Dengue virus strains. YV6161 had the highest homology to Yellow fever virus strain 17D, belonging to the branch of the phylogenetic tree of Yellow fever virus strains. In conclusion, the method of CODEHOP RT-PCR can be effectively used to detect, identify, and phylogenetically analyse Flavivirus.