Electric hand warmer versus observation to avoid discomfort during scalp cooling for chemotherapy-induced alopecia prevention: a randomized study.

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is a challenge in the management of cancer patients. Scalp cooling (SC) leads to reduction in CIA, however it is associated with significant adverse events, leading to 3-13% discontinuation rates. This pilot study evaluated the role of Electric Hand Warmers (EHW) on thermal (TC), sensorial (SCo) and general comfort (GC) in patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing chemotherapy and SC to reduce CIA. Patients were randomly assigned to EHW use or observation. TC, SCo and GC were evaluated after each chemotherapy infusion. Favorable outcomes in both TC and SCo defined a positive result on GC. We analysed the impact of age, alopecia, chemotherapy regimen and EHW use in the different comfort scales using a Logistic Regression (LR) model. Forty women with early breast cancer were randomly assigned to EHW (n = 20) or observation (n = 20) during neo(adjuvant) chemotherapy. Median age was 53 years. In the EHW arm, favorable thermal response was reported by 79% versus 50% in the control arm (odds ratio [OR] 3.79, p < 0.001). SCo was satisfactory in 82% in the EHW arm versus 74% in the control arm (OR 1.62, p = 0.1). Overall, 73% in the EHW arm had favorable GC versus 44% in the control arm (OR 3.4, p < 0.001). Age, alopecia, and chemotherapy regimen did not impact on comfort measures. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the use of an EHW has a consistent favorable impact on TC and GC of BC patients under SC technology to prevent CIA.

Notas sobre a memória em Assim falou Zaratustra: contribuições à leitura do dinamismo psicológico / Notes on memory in Thus Spoke Zarathustra: contributions to the interpretation of psychological dynamism

O presente artigo sustenta a distinção entre dois esquemas possíveis de uso de conteúdos rememorados. Entendemos que a memória é determinante no processo clínico e, para que se possa empregá-la em uma acepção terapêutica, deve ser observada em sua caracterização qualitativa. Nestes termos, com o intuito de apontar a distinta natureza de modos possíveis de rememoração, sugerimos a aproximação de dois modelos extraídos da filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche. Notadamente, focamos sobre elementos de um dinamismo psicológico no qual a memória está associada a traços específicos do caráter. Tal distinção pode ser percebida em Assim falou Zaratustra, quando o filósofo alemão apresenta dentre tantos personagens dois que nos interessam em particular: o Santo e Zaratustra. Trataremos, portanto, da diferenciação entre estes dois tipos. Cada um, ao seu modo, emprega um uso próprio da memória ao elaborar a vivência psicológica de suas experiências. Pretende-se, assim, mostrar que o estatuto distinto no qual se inscrevem tais memórias serve como índice de diagnóstico e interpretação de diferentes modos de existência.

The present article argues the distinction between two possible models concerning the usage of remembered contents. Memory is determinant in the clinical process and, in order to apply it in terms of therapy, it must be observed in its qualitative characterization. In these terms, aiming at pointing out the difference between possible modes of recollection, I suggest that two models from Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy be taken into consideration. In particular, my focus lies on elements of a psychological dynamism in which memory comes to be associated with certain character traits. Such distinction can be studied in Thus spoke Zarathustra, in which the German philosopher presents two characters, among many others, which pertain especially to my point: the saint and Zarathustra himself. This paper will deal, therefore, with the differences between these two types. Each of them employs, in their own fashion, a particular usage of memory to elaborate on the psychological aspect of their experiences. I intend, thus, to show that the distinct patterns in which these memories are classified serve as an index of diagnosis and interpretation concerning different modes of existence.

Magnetic fields as inducer of glutathione and peroxidase production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Glutathione (GSH) and peroxidase (POD) are biomolecules of interest in the global market; thus, it is desirable to seek ways to increase their production. Magnetic field (MF) application is one of the technologies used in cultivation that has shown promising results to increase bioproducts. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the influence of MFs on GSH and POD production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 7754. Different periods of MF application (35 mT) were evaluated over 72 h. The highest GSH production was reached in 48 h of cultivation in assays MF 0-24 (155.32 ± 9.12 mg L-1) and MF 0-72 (149.27 ± 3.62 mg L-1), which showed an increase of 121.9 % and 113 %, respectively, by comparison with the control without any MF application. The highest POD activity was achieved when MFs were applied throughout the culture (36.31 U mg-1) and POD productivity of 0.72 U mg-1 h-1. MF application throughout cultivation proved to be a promising strategy since all responses increased, i.e., GSH concentration, GSH productivity, POD activity, and POD productivity increased 113.7 %, 113 %, 20.4 %, and 28.6 %, respectively. This study is one of the first to consider MFs as a viable and low-cost alternative to produce GSH and POD in bioprocesses.

Opioid usage differs significantly following ureteroscopy and shockwave lithotripsy, while development of long-term usage is positively correlated with total days' supply and total MME supplied.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated possible predictors of long-term opioid usage among patients with ureteric stones who received ureteroscopy (URS) or shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). We also assessed opioid usage characteristics of URS and SWL recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study used IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus for Academics administrative claims database from years 2006-2020 to identify patients with a diagnosis of kidney or ureteral stones who were treated with either SWL or URS. We performed unadjusted bivariate analyses to compare opioid use characteristics of URS and SWL recipients, and performed logistic regression to determine demographic and clinical factors associated with becoming a long-term opioid user. RESULTS: The study population consisted of opioid naive individuals having a diagnosis of a kidney stone who underwent URS (N = 9407) or SWL (N = 4894). About 6.7% (N = 964) of study subjects were long-term opioid users. Unadjusted bivariate associations showed that compared to non-long-term opioid users, long-term opioid users had significantly greater total days' supply, total morphine milliequivalents (MME) supplied, and claims per month. A similar trend was observed for URS (vs. SWL) recipients. However, compared to SWL recipients, URS recipients had 14.3% (1.2-25.6%; p = 0.034) lower odds of becoming long-term users. Total days' supply (OR: 1.041 (95% CI 1.030-1.052; p < 0.001) and total MME supplied (OR 1.001 (95% CI 1.000-1.001; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with long-term usage. CONCLUSION: Higher total days' supply and total MME supplied as well as SWL were identified as risk factors for becoming long-term opioid users.

Differential Effects of Atrazine on Chlorophyceae Species and Association with Morphology, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll Content, and Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity.

Atrazine is a herbicide widely used in the control of weeds in crops such as corn, sugar cane, and sorghum. It is often found in aquatic environments, where it can potentially endanger nontarget organisms such as microalgae. The present study evaluated atrazine toxicity to seven different species of Chlorophyceae and the tolerance of the species to the herbicide was related to morphological, photosynthetic, chlorophyll-a content and the activity of the glutathione-S-transferase enzyme (GST). The comparison of median effect concentration (EC50) values for growth inhibition indicates higher toxicity of atrazine for Pseudopediastrum boryanum and Desmodesmus communis, intermediate toxicity for Ankistrodesmus densus, Chlamydomonas puliminiorfes, and Raphidocelis subcapitata, and lower toxicity for Kirchneriella lunaris and Ankistrodesmus falcatus (EC50: 38, 42, 66, 103, 248, 1004, and 1585 µg L-1 atrazine, respectively). Principal component analysis (PCA) with algal characteristics suggested that the atrazine-sensitive algae P. boryanum and D. communis were positively associated with photosynthetic levels and negatively associated with GST activity and chlorophyll-a concentration. The PCA also suggested that the atrazine-tolerant algae A. falcatus and K. lunaris were positively associated with morphological parameters, where the larger the cell size, the more tolerant. Although it is difficult to associate a single characteristic of algae as the key factor determining the tolerance to atrazine, results presented in this work indicate that the cell area, the photosynthetic parameters (mainly saturating irradiance), chlorophyll-a content, and the biotransformation by GST in combination may be potential predictors for the differential tolerance of Chlorophyceae species to the herbicide. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1675-1685. © 2022 SETAC.

Grafting Area Reduction in Peyronie's Disease Surgery: Comparative Assessment Between Double Y Vs iGrafter APP Using 3D-Printed Penile Models.

BACKGROUND: The use of plaque incision and graft techniques (PIG) for the treatment of severe Peyronie's disease (PD), may lead to erectile dysfunction (ED); graft size is 1 of the contributing factors for post-PIG ED. Recently the iGrafter software APP was introduced using a mathematical algorithm to distribute the incisions along the penile length resulting in a smaller grafting area. AIM: Compare 2 PIG techniques, the Double-Y(DY) and iGrafter, in 3 main aspects: (i) Total grafting area; (ii) The variation in calculating the grafting to be used; (iii) time to perform the PIG. METHODS: Six urologists with expertise in sexual medicine performed both techniques twice using four 3-D validated training models for PD with a standard 60° uniplanar dorsal curvature. OUTCOMES: The graft areas and operative partial and total time for each step of the operation were recorded for each procedure. Unpaired t-test and the coefficient of variation for graft area across surgeons was calculated comparing both techniques. RESULTS: For all surgeons, the use of iGrafter resulted in 2 grafts, for the DY technique in 1 graft. Overall, TT for the iGrafter was significantly longer than for DY technique (49.4 ± 11 vs 40.7 ± 5.7 minute; P = .02), The iGrafter grafting area was significantly smaller (11.6 ± 1.2 vs 23.3 ± 5.4 cm2; P: .01), representing a 50.2% area reduction when compared to the DY. The variation of graft area, using the iGrafter also yielded a more consistent graft across all surgeons (CV = 10.56% vs 23.28%). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The iGrafter, when compared to DY technique, reduced the graft area by 50%, which potentially means less erectile dysfunction. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: Our study eliminates anatomical variations found in a real clinical case making it possible to compare surgical techniques with the same penile anatomy. However, the 3D-printed model cannot replicate the living human tissue property preventing a simulation close to actual surgery. CONCLUSION: The use of the iGrafter software for PIG surgery has shown to be a promising technique for severe PD management resulting in smaller graft size (about 50% smaller when compared to the DY), although it might be more time-consuming. Tourchi A, Nascimento B, de Freita Miranda A, et al. Grafting Area Reduction in Peyronie's Disease Surgery: Comparative Assessment Between Double Y Vs iGrafter APP Using 3D-Printed Penile Models. J Sex Med 2022;19:669-675.

Estratégias de prevenção de lesões por pressão facial ocasionadas pelo uso da posição prona / Strategies for the prevention of facial pressure injuries caused by the use of the prone position / Estrategias de prevención de lesiones por presión facial ocasionadas por el uso de la posición prona

Objetivo:Identificar as principais estratégias para prevenção de lesões por pressão faciais ocasionadas pelo uso de posição prona. Métodos:Revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada durante o mês de março de 2021. Foram pesquisados artigos nas bases de dados da MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e IBECS. Os artigos selecionados foram redigidos nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, entre 2016 e 2021. Foram excluídos os duplicados e os que não incluíam a temática abordada. Inicialmente, foram identificados 29 artigos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultaram 10 artigos para análise. Resultados: Das complicações relacionadas ao uso de posição prona, 10 (100%) dos estudos abordam a lesão por pressão como a principal complicação dessa manobra terapêutica. Quanto às estratégias de prevenção, os estudos analisados citam a mudança de decúbito associada ao uso de coxim e hidrocolóides como principais métodos preventivos. Conclusão: Foram identificadas as seguintes estratégias de prevenção de lesão por pressão facial pelo uso de posição prona: mudança de decúbito em tempos pré-estabelecidos; uso de dispositivos que proporcionam alívio de pontos de pressão, tais como os coxins e hidrocolóides; e a utilização de materiais de baixo custo e fácil acesso, como esponjas cirúrgicas adaptadas, respeitando as estruturas anatômicas de cada paciente.

Objective:Identify the main strategies for preventing facial pressure injuries caused by the use of the prone position. Methods: Integrative literature review, carried out during the month of March 2021. Articles were searched in the MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and IBECS databases. The selected articles were written in English, Portuguese and Spanish, between 2016 and 2021. Duplicates and those that did not include the topic addressed were excluded. Initially, 29 articles were identified. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles resulted for analysis. Results: Of the complications related to the use of the prone position, 10 (100%) of the studies address the pressure injury as the main complication of this therapeutic maneuver. As for prevention strategies, the studies analyzed cite the change in position associated with the use of pads and hydrocolloids as the main preventive methods. Conclusion: The following strategies to prevent facial pressure injury by using the prone position were identified: change of decubitus at pre-established times; use of devices that provide relief from pressure points, such as pads and hydrocolloids; and the use of low-cost and easily accessible materials, such as adapted surgical sponges, respecting the anatomical structures of each patient.

Objetivo:Identificar las principales estrategias para la prevención de lesiones por presión faciales ocasionadas por el uso de posición prona. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de literatura, realizada durante el mes de marzo del 2021. Fueron investigados artículos en las bases de datos de MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e IBECS. Los artículos seleccionados fueron redactados en los idiomas inglés, portugués y español, entre el 2016 y el 2021. Fueron excluidos los duplicados y los que no incluían la temática abordada. Inicialmente, fueron identificados 29 artículos. Después de la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, resultaron 10 artículos para análisis. Resultados: De las complicaciones relacionadas al uso de la posición prona, 10 (100%) de los estudios abordan la lesión por presión como la principal complicación de esta maniobra terapéutica. Con respecto a las estrategias de prevención, los estudios analizados citan el cambio de decúbito asociada al uso de apoyo e hidrocoloides como principales métodos preventivos. Conclusión: Fueron identificadas las siguientes estrategias de prevención de lesión por presión facial por el uso de posición prona: cambio de decúbito en tiempos preestablecidos; uso de dispositivos que proporcionan alivio de puntos de presión, tales como los apoyos e hidrocoloides; y la utilización de materiales de bajo costo y fácil acceso, como esponjas quirúrgicas adaptadas, respetando las estructuras anatómicas de cada paciente.

Penile shortening complaints in males with erectile dysfunction: a narrative review on penile lengthening procedures during penile prosthesis surgery.

Patients complaining of short penile length pose a challenge in urology practice. Those men who present seeking penile lengthening surgery usually overestimate 'normal' penile length, and may in often cases relate their penile length with the degree of masculinity and self-esteem. Penile prosthetic devices are the gold standard treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) after failure of conservative options. Penile shortening is the most prevalent long-term complaint after successful inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement. This has a significant impact on patient's overall satisfaction and quality of life. Using PubMed, we performed a thorough literature review of the current procedures of preservation or enhancement of penile length as well as reported perioperative protocols in patients undergoing penile prosthesis (PP) insertion. Keywords used were "penile lengthening", "penile enhancement", "penile girth", "inflatable penile prosthesis" and "glans augmentation". Several surgical techniques can be offered in the setting of penile shortening concurrently with PP insertion, e.g., sub-coronal approach of PP placement, sliding technique, modified sliding technique (MoST), multiple-slide technique (MuST), and tunica mesh expansion procedure (TMEP). Adjuvant techniques can also improve subjective penile length include, ventral phalloplasty, suprapubic lipectomy, suspensory ligament release and use of expanding penile implants. Preoperative protocols including use of a vacuum erectile device, traction therapy also seem to improve postoperative outcomes, minimizing postoperative pain, and encouraging the early device use. Currently, there is no consensus among experts on a particular lengthening procedure or when they can be performed to optimize outcomes. Furthermore, it is imperative to set proper expectations before surgery, with extensive patient and partner counseling. When used in the properly selected patient, penile lengthening procedures show promising results with minimal complication rates.

Changing Trends in Management Following Artificial Urinary Sphincter Surgery for Male Stress Urinary Incontinence: An Analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the safety and practice patterns of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) placement on a population level. Increasingly AUS implantation has shifted to be an outpatient surgery; however, there is a lack of large-scale research evaluating factors associated with early (≤ 24 hours) versus late (>24 hours) discharges and complications in men following AUS placement. We utilized the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database to identify and compare factors and outcomes associated with each approach. METHODS: NSQIP database was queried for men undergoing AUS placement between 2007 and 2016. Patients were classified as either early discharge (ED ≤ 24 hours) and late discharge (LD > 24 hours). Baseline demographics, operating time, and complications were compared between the 2 groups. Multivariate logistic regression evaluated factors associated with discharge timing and 30-day complications. RESULTS: A total of 1176 patients were identified and were classified as ED in 232 and LD in 944 patients. Operative time was shorter in ED (83 minutes) compared to LD (95 minutes, P < .001). Hypertension was more prevalent among LD patients (60.3% vs 69.1% for ED and LD respectively, P < .001). The 30-day complication rate was similar in both groups (ED: 4.3% vs LD: 3.4%, P = .498). Multivariable analysis revealed that surgery after 2012 was associated with ED (OR = 3.66, P < .001). CONCLUSION: At the national level, there are no differences in postoperative morbidity between early and late discharges. There is a trend toward more ED, specifically after 2012. A prospective study on the feasibility and safety of outpatient AUS is needed.

Turismo e qualidade de vida: uma revisão sistemática / Tourism and quality of life: a systematic review

O objetivo principal deste estudo é identificar as principais características das pesquisas dedicadas à qualidade de vida no turismo brasileiro. Como método, foram utilizados três momentos distintos: antes, que corresponde a definição dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão das pesquisas, dos bancos de dados, das datas e palavras-chave; durante, que diz respeito à busca propriamente dita; e depois, que se refere à descrição e a análise das pesquisas selecionadas. Os principais achados da revisão sistemática confirmam a existência de poucas e limitadas pesquisas que relacionam os temas estudados. Foram selecionadas 32 pesquisas, 15 com a população local, 10 com turistas, uma mista e seis pesquisas acadêmicas. Conclui-se que o turismo contribui de forma positiva na qualidade de vida das amostras estudadas, com exceção de algumas populações locais onde os impactos variam entre positivos e negativos.

The main objective of this research is to identify the main characteristics of the research dedicated to quality of life in Brazilian tourism. As a method, three different moments were used: before, which corresponds to the definition of the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the searches, databases, dates and keywords; during, which concerns the search itself; and then, referring to the description and careful analysis of the selected researches. The main findings of the systematic review confirm the existence of few and limited research that relates the subjects studied. We selected 32 surveys, 15 with the local population, 10 with tourists, one mixed and six academic research. It is concluded that tourism contributes positively to the quality of life of the studied samples, with the exception of some local populations where the impacts vary between positive and negative.

In vitro establishment of blackberry (Rubus sp.) cultivar 'Xavante' / Estabelecimento in vitro de amoreira preta (Rubus sp.) cultivar 'Xavante'

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro establishment of 'Xavante' blackberry under different conditions of plant luminosity and concentrations of salts of MS medium. The maintenance of 'Xavante' blackberry plants in the absence of light, with the use of MS medium with salt concentrations of 75% and 100% reduce bacterial contamination and the percentage of explants oxidized and provide the highest percentage of surviving and established explants. The 50% salt dilution in MS medium is not recommended when plants are subjected to the absence of light due to the high percentage of oxidized explants and consequently lower survival and establishment.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estabelecimento in vitro de amoreira preta 'Xavante' sob diferentes condições de luminosidade da planta matriz e concentrações de sais do meio MS. A manutenção de plantas matrizes de amoreira preta 'Xavante' na ausência de luz, com a utilização de meio MS nas concentrações de 75% e 100% dos sais, reduzem a contaminação bacteriana e o percentual de explantes oxidados e proporcionam maior percentual de sobrevivência e explantes estabelecidos. Não se recomenda a diluição do meio MS para 50% dos sais quando as plantas forem submetidas à ausência de luz, devido ao alto percentual de explantes oxidados e, consequentemente, baixa sobrevivência e estabelecimento.

Penile prosthesis implant with bi-triangular excision and graft for surgical therapy of Peyronie's disease: A case report.

We present a case of a 65-year-old man, who presented with moderate erectile dysfunction and a dorsal penile deviation of 60° caused by Peyronie's disease. The patient underwent bi-triangularshaped plaque excision, followed by grafting and implantation of inflatable penile prosthesis. Complete penile straightening, without mechanical or geometric abnormalities, was achieved using bi-triangular excision and grafting. Postoperatively, the patient reported high satisfaction with the results and could perform sexual intercourse naturally. This novel technique corrects any degree of penile curvature, permits malleable and semi-rigid penile prosthesis implantation, avoids penile length loss, and eliminates additional incisions. To our knowledge, this case is the first in the literature in which the bi-triangular technique was successfully used for penile prosthesis implantation secondary to Peyronie's disease. This new technique appears to be a good solution to correct penile curvature during penile prosthesis implantation for the treatment of Peyronie's disease associated with erectile dysfunction.

Compatibilidade fenotípica entre cultivares de pereiras europeias eporta-enxertos de marmeleiro / Phenotypic compatibility among european pear cultivars and quince rootstocks

A cultura da pereira (Pyrus communisL.) possui grande potencial de expansão no sul do Brasil devido às condições climáticas e de solo. A carência de informações a respeito da(s) melhor(es) combinação(ões) de cultivares 'copa de pereiras europeias' e porta-enxertos de marmeleiro em relação à compatibilidade de enxertia é um dos fatores que tem limitado o cultivo de pera no país. A utilização de porta-enxertos de marmeleiros apresentam as vantagens de redução do vigor e rápida entrada em produção, porém, quando enxertados com algumas cultivares de 'pereira europeia', pode acarretar incompatibilidade de enxertia. O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar fenotipicamente a compatibilidade morfológica entre cultivares 'copa de pereiras europeias' e porta-enxertos de marmeleiro através das variáveis de crescimento das plantas, como o incremento de diâmetro (mm) do tronco da cultivar e do porta-enxerto; diferença de diâmetro entre a cultivar e o porta-enxerto; incompatibilidade 'translocada'; incompatibilidade 'localizada'; e análise da conexão vascular no ponto de enxertia pela imersão em solução corante de Ácido Fuccínico 0,08%. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em pomares de pereiras europeias na região de Urupema, estado de Santa Catarina, durante os ciclos de cultivo 2011/12, 2012/13 e 2013/14. As combinações de cultivares de pereiras europeias e porta-enxertos avaliados foram a 'Abbè Fetel'/'Adams', 'Decana du Comice'/'Adams', 'Clapp's Favourite'/'EMA', 'Rocha'/'Adams', 'Packham´s Triumph'/'EMA' e 'Santa Maria'/'Adams'. A combinação 'Clapp´s Favourite'/'EMA' apresentou incompatibilidade do tipo 'localizada' pela descontinuidade vascular na região de união do enxerto, impedindo a passagem do corante. As combinações 'Rocha'/'Adams' e 'Abbè Fetel'/'Adams' não apresentaram incompatibilidade de enxertia. Nessas combinações, foram observadas união vascular contínua entre as cultivares e os porta-enxertos. As combinações ...

The pear (Pyrus communis L.) crop offers an expansive market opportunity in southern Brazil, because of amicable climatic and soil conditions. However, the lack of studies on compatibility of european pear cultivars and rootstocks is one of the limiting factors on the development of the pear crop in southern Brazil. The use of quinces as rootstocks has the advantages of vigor reduction and earlier bearing trees. However, some of these combinations can present some incompatibility graft. The objective of this study was to evaluate phenotypicaly the morphological compatibility among european pear cultivars and quince rootstocks. The evaluated variable were the section increment of cultivars and rootstocks trunk diameter at the graft union; the diameter difference between scion and cultivars and rootstocks; 'translocated' incompatibility; 'located' incompatibility; and the vascular connection of the graft union by immersion of the base of the plants (under the graft union) in a 0.08% Fuccinic acid solution. The experiments were conducted in an european pear orchards in the region of Urupema municipality, state of Santa Catarina, during the 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing seasons. The european pear cultivars and rootstocks evaluated were: 'Abbé Fetel'/'Adams', 'Decana du Comice'/'Adams', 'Clapp's Favourite'/'EMA', 'Rock'/'Adams', 'Packham's Triumph'/'EMA' and 'Santa Maria'/'Adams'. 'The Clapp´s Favourite'/'EMA' combination showed a `located incompatibility by descontinued vascular graft region, preventing the dye translocation. 'The Rocha'/'Adams' and 'Abbè Fetel'/'Adams' combinations did not present graft incompatibility, showing continued vascular union and no vascular disruption between cultivars and rootstocks. The 'Santa Maria'/'Adams', 'Decana du Comice'/'Adams' and 'Packham´s Triumph'/'EMA' combinations showed a good graft union region with clear and continued bark and wood bond lines. The 'Clapp´s Favourite'/'EMA' ...

Acidente ocupacional envolvendo material biológico entre bombeiros militares de minas gerais / Occupation accident involving biological material among the fire fighters military of Minas Gerais

Objetivou-se determinar a incidência dos acidentes com material biológico bem como suas características e condutas pós-exposição, entre profissionais do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Minas Gerais de Belo Horizonte. Realizou-se um estudo transversal no período de janeiro e fevereiro de 2011. Utilizou-se para coleta de dados um questionário estruturado composto de questões sobre a ocorrência de acidentes com material biológico, suas características e condutas. A incidência de acidentes envolvendo material biológico foi de 3,7%, destes 53,3% decorreram de contato direto com fluidos corporais e 33,4% de materiais perfuro cortantes. Constatou-se a utilização incompleta de equipamentos de proteção individual durante o acidente por 46,7%. Quanto ás condutas pós exposição, 46,7% não realizaram exame médico. Considera-se necessário uma melhor orientação dos profissionais quanto à relevância da imunização para hepatite B, utilização correta dos equipamentos de proteção individual e condutas adequadas após a ocorrência dos acidentes com materiais biológicos

It aimed to determine the incidence of accidents involving biological material as well as its characteristics and attitudes after exposure among Fire Military Brigade of Minas Gerais' professionals from Belo Horizonte. It carried out a transversal study in the period from January to February 2011. A structured questionnaire with questions about incidence of accidents involving biological material, its characteristics, and attitudes after its occurrence applied for collection of data. The incidence of accidents involving biological material was 3,7%, from these 53,3% were due to direct contact with body fluids and 33,4% due to piercing cutting material. It was verified incomplete use of personal protective equipment during the accident by 46,7%. As for attitudes, 26,7% rubbed 70% alcohol on the affected site, 46,7% did not do medical examination.It considered necessary the improvement of staff orientation concerning the importance of hepatitis B immunization, correct use of personal protective equipment and appropriate attitudes after accidents involving biological material occurrence

Cultivares e portaenxertos sobre o vigor de plantas de pereira europeias / Cultivars and rootstocks on plants vigor of European pear

A cultura da pereira (Pyrus communis) possui grande potencial de expansão no sul do Brasil devido às condições climáticas e solo. A carência de informações a respeito da(s) melhor(es) combinação(ões) de cultivares copa de pereira europeia e portaenxertos, quanto ao aspecto vegetativo e potencial produtivo, tem limitado o cultivo. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de cultivares copa de pereira europeia e portaenxertos de marmeleiro (Cydonia oblonga) sobre o vigor e variáveis de plantas. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em pomares comerciais da cidade de Fraiburgo, Estado de Santa Catarina, durante os ciclos de cultivo 2008/09, 09/10 e 10/11. As cultivares avaliadas foram 'Packham's Triumph', 'Santa Maria', 'Rocha' e 'Abbè Fetel' e os portaenxertos de marmeleiro EMC e Adams. O espaçamento de plantio foi de 0,3m entre plantas e 4m entre linhas. As variáveis analisadas foram: a. incremento de altura de plantas (m); b. incremento de volume de copa (m³); c. incremento de diâmetro do tronco da cv. 'copa' (mm); d. incremento de diâmetro do tronco do portaenxerto (mm); e. diferença de diâmetro do tronco entre a cultivar copa e o portaenxerto (mm); f. índice de fertilidade (no de gemas cm-1); g. massa fresca média total acumulada do material vegetativo das três podas de inverno (kg); h. diferença cumulativa entre a massa fresca e a massa seca dos ramos podados (kg). As diferentes combinações de cultivares e portaenxertos interferiram nas diferentes variáveis analisadas. As combinações Abbè Fetel e Rocha sobre marmelo Adams, foram significativamente mais vigorosas em termos de incremento de diâmetro do tronco da cultivar copa, incremento de altura de plantas, incremento de volume de copa e massa fresca média total acumulada do material vegetativo das podas de inverno dos três anos. A combinação Santa Maria sobre marmelo Adams apresentou vigor intermediário significativo de plantas de acordo com o incremento em volume de copa, diferença de diâmetro do tronco entre a cultivar copa e do portaenxerto, sendo mais indicada para uso comercial, devido ao maior equilíbrio proporcionado entre parte vegetativa e produtiva da planta, nas condições edafoclimáticas experimentais do Sul do Brasil.

The pear (Pyrus communis) culture offers a great expansive market opportunity in southern Brazil, according to climatic conditions and soil. However, there are still some barriers that prevent satisfactory economic production, such as lack of knowledge about the best combinations of cultivars and rootstocks. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of European pear cultivars and quince (Cydonia oblonga) rootstocks on the plants vigor variables. The experiments were carried out in commercials orchards in Fraiburgo Municipality, Santa Catarina state, during the crop season of 2008/09, 09/10 and 10/11. The cultivars evaluated were 'Packham's Triumph', 'Santa Maria', 'Rocha' and 'Abbè Fetel' and the quince rootstocks EMC and Adams. The cultivars and rootstocks combinations were conducted in a spacing of 0.3mx4m between plants and rows, respectively. The vigor variables evaluated were, a. plants height increment (m); b. canopy volume increment (m³); c. truck diameter increment of the cultivars canopy (mm); d. truck diameter increment of rootstocks (mm); e. difference between the trunk diameter of cultivars canopy and rootstock (mm); f. fertility index (buds cm-1); g. total cumulative average of fresh weight of pruned branches (kg); and h. cumulative difference between the fresh and dry weight of pruned branches (kg). All combinations evaluated affected the vegetative parameters of the European pear cultivars. The combinations Abbè Fetel and Rocha grafted on Adams quince rootstocks are significant more vigorous according to increment of cultivars canopy truck diameter, plant height increment, cultivars canopy volume increment and cumulative average weight of pruned branches, when compared with others combinations. The combination Santa Maria grafted on Adams quince rootstock showed significant intermediate vigor according to cultivar canopy volume increment, truck diameter of cultivar canopy and, truck diameter of rootstock. This combination presented a better proportion amongst the vigor variables and can be indicated for commercial production according to the experimental edafoclimatic conditions of southern Brazil.

Ressonância magnética na síndrome da interseção do antebraço: ensaio iconográfico / Magnetic resonance imaging in intersection syndrome of the forearm: iconographic essay

A ressonância magnética tem papel importante na avaliação de pacientes com dor na face dorsal do antebraço distal e do punho. Entre as causas de dor destaca-se a síndrome da interseção, um processo inflamatório dos tendões do segundo compartimento extensor do antebraço (extensor radial curto do carpo e extensor radial longo do carpo), geralmente provocado por trauma local direto ou atividades repetitivas que exigem a flexão e extensão do punho. Nosso trabalho visa a ilustrar os achados típicos da síndrome da interseção do antebraço e discutir os principais diagnósticos diferenciais.

Magnetic resonance imaging plays a relevant role in the assessment of patients with pain on the dorsal aspect of the distal forearm and wrist. Among the causes of pain, intersection syndrome is highlighted, corresponding to an inflammatory process affecting the tendons of the second compartment of the forearm extensor (extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor carpi radialis longus), usually caused by direct trauma or repetitive activities requiring wrist flexion and extension. The present essay is aimed at illustrating the typical findings in intersection syndrome of the forearm and discuss the main differential diagnoses.

Biossegurança: conhecimento e adesão pelos profissionais do corpo de bombeiros militar de Minas Gerais / Biosafety: knowledge and compliance by fire military brigade of Minas Gerais / Bioseguridad: conocimiento y adhesión en el cuerpo de bomberos militar de Minas Gerais, uno estudio transversal

Objetivou-se identificar o conhecimento e a adesão às recomendações de biossegurança entre profissionais do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Minas Gerais de um município da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa. Na coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário estruturado composto de questões sobre conhecimento e atitudes relativos à biossegurança, fatores dificultadores ao uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e ocorrência de acidentes com material biológico. O conhecimento sobre a higienização das mãos foi verificado em 84,8% dos profissionais; 69,7% desconheciam a ação do álcool a 70%. O capote foi o equipamento de proteção individual mais difícil de ser utilizado. Os militares não sofreram acidente com material biológico, dado semelhante aos demais da literatura. Pretende-se provocar a reflexão dos profissionais da área e instituições responsáveis quanto à reavaliação da proposta relacionada à formação desses trabalhadores em biossegurança e saúde ocupacional.

It was aimed to identify knowledge and adherence of biosafety recommendations by military Firefighters of Minas Gerais from a city in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. A cross-sectional study of quantitative approach was held. The study instrument was a structured questionnaire that included questions about knowledge and attitudes related to biosafety, complicating factors for adherence to standard precautions and incidence of accidents involving biological materials. It was demonstrated knowledge about hand hygiene recommendation in 84,8%, 69,7% didn't know the way of alcohol 70% action. The scrubs were cited as the most difficult personal protective equipment to be used. The militaries haven't had any accident with biological material, similar data to other from literature. It is intended to provoke reflection of the professionals in the area and institutions responsible about the reassessment of the proposal related to the formation of these workers in biosafety and occupational health.

Tuvo como objetivo identificar el conocimiento y la adhesión de las recomendaciones de bioseguridad entre profesionales del Cuerpo de Bomberos Militares de Minas Gerais, de un municipio de la región metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Se realizó un estudio transversal de enfoque cuantitativo. Para la recolección de datos fue utilizado un cuestionario estructurado con preguntas sobre conocimientos y actitudes relacionadas a bioseguridad, factores que dificultan el uso de equipos de protección personal y accidentes con material biológico. El conocimiento sobre higiene de las manos fue observado en 84,8% de los profesionales, 69,7% desconocían la forma de acción del alcohol 70%. El manto fue el equipo de protección personal más difícil de usar. Los militares no han sufrido acidentes con material biologico, datos similares a los de la literatura. Tuvo como intención provocar la reflexión de los profesionales y de las instituciones responsables, cuanto a la revisión de la propuesta relacionada con la formación de estos trabajadores en bioseguridad y salud ocupacional.

Conhecimento e adesão às recomendações de biossegurança no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Minas Gerais / Knowledge and adherence to biosafety recommendations in a military fire brigade in Minas Gerais / Conocimiento y adhesión a las recomendaciones de bioseguridad en el cuerpo militar de bomberos de Minas Gerais

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o conhecimento e as atitudes de militares do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Belo Horizonte-MG acerca da adesão às recomendações de biossegurança. Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2011. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado composto de perguntas sobre conhecimentos e atitudes relativos à biossegurança e fatores dificultadores do uso de equipamentos de proteção individual. Evidenciou-se conhecimento adequado dos profissionais sobre higienização das mãos (90,4%) e precauções padrão (89%); hábito de sempre usar luvas (95,7%); desconhecimento da ação do álcool a 70% (77,5%) e citação do capote como o equipamento de proteção individual mais difícil de ser utilizado. Entretanto, a maioria desconhecia a condição sorológica para hepatite B (25%). Conhecimentos e atitudes mostraram-se condizentes com as recomendações de biossegurança, mas há necessidade de enfatizar a importância de realizar o esquema vacinal para hepatite B.

This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes concerning adherence to biosafety recommendations of the military personnel of Belo Horizonte's Military Fire Brigade in Minas Gerais . A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2011. A structured questionnaire was used, consisting of questions regarding knowledge and attitudes related to biosafety and the factors hindering the use of personal protective equipment. The results showed that the personnel had adequate knowledge of hand hygiene (90.4%) and standard precautions (89%), such as the habit of always wearing gloves (95.7%), but lacked knowledge about the antiseptic activity of 70% alcohol (77.5%). The cloak was mentioned as the piece of personal protective equipment that was most difficult to use. However, most of the personnel were unaware of their serological status for hepatitis B (25%). Their knowledge and attitudes were consistent with the biosafety recommendations, but the importance of hepatitis B immunization must be emphasized.

Se objetivó evaluar conocimientos y aptitudes de militares del Cuerpo Militar de Bomberos de Belo Horizonte-MG respecto de su adhesión a las recomendaciones de bioseguridad. Se realizó estudio transversal entre enero y febrero de 2012. Se utilizó cuestionario estructurado compuesto por preguntas sobre conocimientos y aptitudes relativas a bioseguridad y factores diversos del uso de equipamientos de protección individual. Se evidenció conocimiento adecuado de los profesionales sobre higienización de manos (90,4%) y precauciones estándar (89%), la costumbre de utilizar guantes habitualmente (95,7%); desconocimiento de la acción del alcohol al 70% (77,5%) y citación del capote como el equipo de protección individual más difícil de utilizar. Mientras tanto, la mayoría desconocía la condición serológica para hepatitis B (25%). Tanto conocimientos como aptitudes mostraron condecirse con las recomendaciones de bioseguridad, aunque existe la necesidad de enfatizar la importancia de realizar un esquema de vacunación contra la hepatitis B.

Bilateral Duplication of Gonadal Veins: a Case Report / Duplicación Bilateral de las Venas Gonadales: Reporte de Caso

The duplication of gonadal vessels is mainly found on the left side, with less numbers of bilateral cases. The objective of this work is describing a case of bilateral duplication of gonadal veins, where two veins were draining to inferior vena cava, being that the closest vein of kidney medial margin had a thickness of 2.68mm and was distant 64.41 mm of the organ. The second vessel had a thickness of 1.43mm and was distant 73.76mm. Two veins follow to left renal vein, being that the first vessel had a thickness of 2.7mm and was distant 21.8mm of the kidney medial margin; the other had a thickness of 1.64mm and was distant 35.13mm of the organ. The presence of variations on the local of drainage of gonadal vessels has clinical importance for comprehension of origin of varicocele cases, as well as the recurrence of them after surgical procedures.

La duplicación de las venas gonadales es más común en el lado izquierdo, con pocos casos bilaterales. El propósito de este reporte fue describir el caso de una duplicación bilateral de las venas gonadales, dos de las cuales desembocaban en la vena cava inferior. El vaso próximo del margen medial del riñon tenía un diámetro de 2,68mm y una longitud de 64,41 mm. La segunda vena tenía un diámetro de 1,43 mm y una longitud de 73,76 mm. Los dos vasos desembocaban en la vena renal izquierda. La primera vena tenía un diámetro de 2,7 mm y estaba a 21,8 mm del margen medial del riñon. La otra tenía un diámetro de 1,64 mm y se se localizaba a 35,13 mm del margen medial del riñon. La presencia de variaciones donde se produce el drenaje de los vasos gonadales tiene importancia clínica para la comprensión del origen del varicocele y la recurrencia del mismo, después de procedimientos quirúrgicos.