A density functional theory study on the potential application of Ni and Co doped ZnO nanosheets as a carrier for ciclopirox anticancer drug.

The Ni and Co doping effect on the ciclopirox (CPX) drug delivery performance of a ZnO nanosheet (ZnO-NS) was investigated theoretically. Doping Ni and Co metals into the ZnO-NS increased the adsorption energy of CPX from -7.9 to -27.4 and -31.7 kcal/mol, respectively. The CPX adsorption reduced the ZnO-NS gap (Eg) from 3.81 to 3.46 eV, while the CPX adsorption reduced the Eg of the Ni- and Co-doped ZnO-NS from 2.74 and 2.68 eV to 1.87 and 1.71 eV, respectively. The CPX adsorption performance increased after doping process. A drug release mechanism was introduced in cancerous tissues based on the PH. .

Source, toxicity and carcinogenic health risk assessment of heavy metals.

Heavy metals are chemical elements with unique properties that are toxic even in low concentrations and affect human health with different functions. Agricultural and industrial activities, improper disposal of household solid waste and residues related to industrial producers, discharge of household wastewater and agricultural fertilizers are the most important ways in which toxic heavy metals enter the environment, which harms human health and life. A narrative review of the literature was done from 2000 to 2022 based on searched databases included Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, and Science Direct (Scopus). All relevant studies published 2000 until 2022 gathered. According to the databases, 820 articles were retrieved. 186 and 50 articles were found and selected based on records identified through database searching and additional records identified through other sources. In the next stage, 97 studies were screened after review and 64 full-text articles entered into the analysis process. Finally, 45 articles were selected in this study. Adverse effects of heavy metals on various conditions in the body depend on a number of factors, including dose, route of exposure and chemical species, as well as age, sex, genetics, nutritional status, and duration of exposure to the heavy metal. The existence of significant relationships between long-term and short-term exposure to toxic heavy metals and their adverse effects, including carcinogenicity, has been extensively studied and proven through numerous experiments. However, the mechanisms associated with this complication have not been properly identified, so in future research, there is a great need for comprehensive studies on the carcinogenicity of heavy metals.

Concrete Made with Iron Ore Tailings as a Fine Aggregate: A Step towards Sustainable Concrete.

The need for low-cost raw materials is driven by the fact that iron ore tailings, a prevalent kind of hazardous solid waste, have created major environmental issues. Although many studies have focused on using iron ore tailing (IOT) in concrete and have reported positive results, readers may find it difficult to accurately assess the behaviors of IOT in concrete due to the scattered nature of the information. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of IOT in concrete is necessary. This paper thoroughly reviews the characteristics of concrete that contains IOT such as fresh properties, mechanical properties and durability at different age of curing. The outcome of this review indicates that by using IOT, concrete's mechanical properties and durability improved, but its flowability decreased. Compressive strength of concrete with 20% substitution of IOT is 14% more than reference concrete. Furthermore, up to 40% substitution of IOT produces concrete that has sufficient flowability and compactability. Scan electronic microscopy results indicate a weak interfacial transition zone (ITZ). The optimum IOT dosage is important since a greater dose may decrease the strength properties and durability owing to a lack of fluidity. Depending on the physical and chemical composition of IOT, the average value of optimum percentages ranges from 30 to 40%. The assessment also recommends areas of unsolved research for future investigations.

Electrochemical monitoring sensors of water pollution systems.

Analytical techniques as strong, precise, and expensive are necessary for monitoring food and water safety for contaminants, microorganisms, and allergies that might be harmful if used. Sudan dyes are commonly utilized as an ingredient in food dye substances and a variety of industrial items. These colors are classified as three carcinogens and are linked to liver and bladder cancers. They are not authorized for human consumption by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and are not permitted to be used by the Food Standards Agency or the European Union. This article describes electrochemical dye analysis beside the numerous electrochemical sensors utilized to identify these dyes as a food colorant and water. As a result, the qualities, chemistry, and toxicity of dyes as food colorants and industrial goods in Sudan have been investigated in this study. Sudan dyes have been thoroughly studied, and many electrochemical sensors have been developed to define and monitor these dyes in food colorants. As a result, current electrochemical sensors have been found to be neither mass-production nor cost-effective. Mostly, the synthesis of high-performance materials needs high knowledge, and the production of electrode surfaces is remained difficult due to labor-intensive and time-consuming activities.

Biocompatibility evaluation of a new hydrogel dressing based on polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyethylene glycol.

The composition of the dressings is based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and agar. The electron beam irradiation technique has been used to prepare hydrogel wound dressings. The in vitro biocompatibility of the hydrogel was investigated by check samples (hydrocolloid Comfeel), antibacterial test (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia Coli k12), anti fungal test (Candida Albicans) and cytotoxicity test (Fibroblast L929). Results have shown cell attachment characteristics and nontoxicity of all samples. Antibacterial testing also showed that the antibacterial effect of the hydrogel sample to the check sample increased to 30%. Also, investigation of antifungal analysis did not show any trace of fungi growth on the surface of the hydrogel, whereas antifungal effect did not observe on the surface of the check sample. Finally, this hydrogel sample showed a good in vitro biocompatibility.