Removal of dental surgical bur from maxillary sinus: a case report

The most commonly performed surgical procedure in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery practices are the removal of impacted third molars. Extensive training, skill and experience allow this procedure to be performed in an atraumatic approach. The aim of this study was to drawing attention to the importance of the correct management of the complications cases of foreign body inside maxillary sinus after surgical removal of maxillary third molars. This is an unusual clinical case of a dental surgical bur accidentally displacement into the maxillary sinus during an upper third molar extraction surgery. After removal, the clinical case showed a satisfactory repair emphasizing the importance of a meticulous clinical examination to achieve a correct diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan, which is essential for a favorable prognosis

Periodontal Ligament and Alveolar Bone in Health and Adaptation: Tooth Movement.

The periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone are two critical tissues for understanding orthodontic tooth movement. The current literature is replete with descriptive studies of multiple cell types and their matrices in the PDL and alveolar bone, but is deficient with how stem/progenitor cells differentiate into PDL and alveolar bone cells. Can one type of orthodontic force with a specific magnitude and frequency activate osteoblasts, whereas another force type activates osteoclasts? This chapter will discuss the biology of not only mature cells and their matrices in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, but also stem/progenitor cells that differentiate into fibroblasts, osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Key advances in tooth movement rely on further understanding of osteoblast and fibroblast differentiation from mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, and osteoclastogenesis from the hematopoietic/monocyte lineage.