Redox proteomics in melanoma cells: An optimized protocol.

Cancer development and progression are intimately related with post-translational protein modifications, e.g., highly reactive thiol moiety of cysteines enables structural rearrangements resulting in redox biological switches. In this context, redox proteomics techniques, such as 2D redox DIGE, biotin switch assay and OxIcat are fundamental tools to identify and quantify redox-sensitive proteins and to understand redox mechanisms behind thiol modifications. Given the great variability in redox proteomics protocols, problems including decreased resolution of peptides and low protein amounts even after enrichment steps may occur. Considering the biological importance of thiol's oxidation in melanoma, we adapted the biotin-switch assay technique for melanoma cells in order to overcome the limitations and improve coverage of detected proteins.

Age-related patterns in high-risk alcohol and cannabis use and their associations with positive and negative affect in young adulthood.

OBJECTIVE: We examined age-varying associations between young adult simultaneous alcohol and marijuana/cannabis use (SAM) and heavy episodic drinking (HED) and positive and negative affect to inform harm reduction efforts. METHODS: Young adults reporting past-year alcohol use (n = 556; ages 19-25) were recruited in a state where alcohol and nonmedical cannabis use was legal for those 21 +. Participants provided 24 repeated monthly assessments. Among those reporting past-month cannabis use on at least one survey, logistic time-varying effect models estimated (1) the age-varying prevalence of and associations between past-month SAM and HED and (2) age-varying unique associations of affect with SAM and HED. RESULTS: There was a positive age-varying association between HED and SAM over time that was highest at age 19 (OR = 7.56), decreased until age 20.7 (OR = 3.39), increased until age 23.0 (OR = 4.85), and decreased until the association became non-significant by age 25. Negative affect was positively associated with SAM from ages 20.7 to 23.0, peaking at age 21.8 (OR = 1.36). Positive affect was positively associated with HED from ages 19.4 to 20.4 (peak OR = 1.25) and ages 22.5 to 24.5 (peak OR = 1.38). In contrast, positive affect was not uniquely associated with SAM nor negative affect with HED across ages 19-25. CONCLUSIONS: While HED and SAM were positively associated throughout young adulthood and interventions could target them in tandem, their associations with affect suggest differential etiologic processes. Preventive intervention and harm reduction efforts should attend to psychological context in which these behaviors occur.

[Impact of the ''Enhanced Recovery After Surgery'' program in knee arthroplasty at the institutional level]. / Impacto del programa ''Enhanced Recovery After Surgery'' en artroplastía de rodilla a nivel institucional.

INTRODUCTION: total knee arthroplasty has gained popularity over decreasing pain, restoring mobility and improving patients' quality of life. At the institutional level, there is no multidisciplinary model in the treatment of our patients, and in our environment, physical rehabilitation starts late, making it difficult for patients to reincorporate and attain adequate pain control. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a controlled, randomized, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted, 55 patients underwent total knee arthroplasty, assigned to two study groups: the ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) group (n = 27) and the usual group (n = 28). Inclusion criteria were patients with Kellgren-Lawrence classification grade 4 gonarthrosis, age between 30-70 years and follow-up for six months. Descriptive statistics were performed using medians and interquartile range, while inferential statistics were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: the results obtained at six months showed no statistically significant differences in age (p = 0.327) and gender (p = 0.588). The results obtained in the scales of VAS, WOMAC and IKDC showed statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). The rapid recovery group with a 120° flexion median and the usual group with 90° flexion, both groups with 0° extension. CONCLUSIONS: the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway in joint replacement procedures showed good results on pain, function, mobility and complications compared to patients undergoing usual management.

INTRODUCCIÓN: la artroplastía total de rodilla ha ganado popularidad sobre la disminución del dolor, restablecer la movilidad y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. A nivel institucional, no existe un modelo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de nuestros pacientes y en nuestro medio la rehabilitación física se inicia de manera tardía, dificultando la reincorporación de los pacientes y el control analgésico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio clínico controlado, aleatorizado, prospectivo y longitudinal que incluyó 55 pacientes sometidos a artroplastía de rodilla, asignados a dos grupos de estudio: el grupo ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) (n = 27) y el grupo habitual (n = 28). Los criterios de inclusión fueron pacientes con gonartrosis grado IV de Kellgren y Lawrence, edad comprendida entre 30-70 años y seguimiento de seis meses. La estadística descriptiva se realizó mediante medianas y rango intercuartílico, mientras la estadística inferencial mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: los resultados obtenidos a los seis meses no mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas de edad (p = 0.327) y género (p = 0.588). Los resultados obtenidos en las escalas de EVA, WOMAC e IKDC mostraron diferencia estadística significativa (p = 0.000). El grupo de recuperación rápida con una mediana de flexión de 120° y el grupo habitual con flexión de 90°, ambos grupos con extensión de 0°. CONCLUSIONES: el programa de recuperación rápida en procedimientos de remplazo articular, mostró buenos resultados sobre el dolor, función, movilidad y complicaciones en comparación con los pacientes sometidos al manejo habitual.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MRI in Radiotherapy Planning in Patients with Intermediate-Risk Meningioma.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: While contrast-enhanced MR imaging is the criterion standard in meningioma diagnosis and treatment response assessment, gallium 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging has increasingly demonstrated utility in meningioma diagnosis and management. Integrating 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging in postsurgical radiation planning reduces the planning target volume and organ-at-risk dose. However, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging is not widely implemented in clinical practice due to higher perceived costs. Our study analyzes the cost-effectiveness of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging for postresection radiation therapy planning in patients with intermediate-risk meningioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a decision-analytical model based on both recommended guidelines on meningioma management and our institutional experience. Markov models were implemented to estimate quality-adjusted life-years (QALY). Cost-effectiveness analyses with willingness-to-pay thresholds of $50,000/QALY and $100,000/QALY were performed from a societal perspective. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the results. Model input values were based on published literature. RESULTS: The cost-effectiveness results demonstrated that 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging yields higher QALY (5.47 versus 5.05) at a higher cost ($404,260 versus $395,535) compared with MR imaging alone. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio analysis determined that 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging is cost-effective at a willingness to pay of $50,000/QALY and $100,000/QALY. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses showed that 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging is cost-effective at $50,000/QALY ($100,000/QALY) for specificity and sensitivity values above 76% (58%) and 53% (44%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging as an adjunct imaging technique is cost-effective in postoperative treatment planning in patients with meningiomas. Most important, the model results show that the sensitivity and specificity cost-effective thresholds of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR imaging could be attained in clinical practice.

High-flow nasal oxygen vs. standard oxygen therapy for patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement with conscious sedation: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive surgery is becoming more common and transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement is offered to older patients with multiple comorbidities. Sternotomy is not required but patients must lie flat and still for up to 2-3 h. This procedure is increasingly being performed under conscious sedation with supplementary oxygen, but hypoxia and agitation are commonly observed. METHODS: In this randomised controlled trial, we hypothesised that high-flow nasal oxygen would provide superior oxygenation as compared with our standard practice, 2 l min-1 oxygen by dry nasal specs. This was administered using the Optiflow THRIVE Nasal High Flow delivery system (Fisher and Paykel, Auckland, New Zealand) at a flow rate of 50 l min-1 and FiO2 0.3. The primary endpoint was the change in arterial partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) during the procedure. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of oxygen desaturation, airway interventions, the number of times the patient reached for the oxygen delivery device, incidence of cerebral desaturation, peri-operative oxygen therapy duration, hospital length of stay and patient satisfaction scores. RESULTS: A total of 72 patients were recruited. There was no difference in change in pO2 from baseline using high-flow compared with standard oxygen therapy: median [IQR] increase from 12.10 (10.05-15.22 [7.2-29.8]) to 13.69 (10.85-18.38 [8.5-32.3]) kPa vs. decrease from 15.45 (12.17-19.33 [9.2-22.8]) to 14.20 (11.80-19.40 [9.7-35.1]) kPa, respectively. The percentage change in pO2 after 30 min was also not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.171). There was a lower incidence of oxygen desaturation in the high-flow group (p = 0.027). Patients in the high-flow group assigned a significantly higher comfort score to their treatment (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated that high flow, compared with standard oxygen therapy, does not improve arterial oxygenation over the course of the procedure. There are suggestions that it may improve the secondary outcomes studied. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 13,804,861. Registered on 15 April 2019. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN13804861.

Impacto del programa "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery" en artroplastía de rodilla a nivel institucional / Impact of the "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery" program in knee arthroplasty at the institutional level

Resumen: Introducción: la artroplastía total de rodilla ha ganado popularidad sobre la disminución del dolor, restablecer la movilidad y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. A nivel institucional, no existe un modelo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de nuestros pacientes y en nuestro medio la rehabilitación física se inicia de manera tardía, dificultando la reincorporación de los pacientes y el control analgésico. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio clínico controlado, aleatorizado, prospectivo y longitudinal que incluyó 55 pacientes sometidos a artroplastía de rodilla, asignados a dos grupos de estudio: el grupo ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) (n = 27) y el grupo habitual (n = 28). Los criterios de inclusión fueron pacientes con gonartrosis grado IV de Kellgren y Lawrence, edad comprendida entre 30-70 años y seguimiento de seis meses. La estadística descriptiva se realizó mediante medianas y rango intercuartílico, mientras la estadística inferencial mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos a los seis meses no mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas de edad (p = 0.327) y género (p = 0.588). Los resultados obtenidos en las escalas de EVA, WOMAC e IKDC mostraron diferencia estadística significativa (p = 0.000). El grupo de recuperación rápida con una mediana de flexión de 120o y el grupo habitual con flexión de 90o, ambos grupos con extensión de 0o. Conclusiones: el programa de recuperación rápida en procedimientos de remplazo articular, mostró buenos resultados sobre el dolor, función, movilidad y complicaciones en comparación con los pacientes sometidos al manejo habitual.

Abstract: Introduction: total knee arthroplasty has gained popularity over decreasing pain, restoring mobility and improving patients' quality of life. At the institutional level, there is no multidisciplinary model in the treatment of our patients, and in our environment, physical rehabilitation starts late, making it difficult for patients to reincorporate and attain adequate pain control. Material and methods: a controlled, randomized, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted, 55 patients underwent total knee arthroplasty, assigned to two study groups: the ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) group (n = 27) and the usual group (n = 28). Inclusion criteria were patients with Kellgren-Lawrence classification grade 4 gonarthrosis, age between 30-70 years and follow-up for six months. Descriptive statistics were performed using medians and interquartile range, while inferential statistics were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: the results obtained at six months showed no statistically significant differences in age (p = 0.327) and gender (p = 0.588). The results obtained in the scales of VAS, WOMAC and IKDC showed statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). The rapid recovery group with a 120o flexion median and the usual group with 90o flexion, both groups with 0o extension. Conclusions: the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway in joint replacement procedures showed good results on pain, function, mobility and complications compared to patients undergoing usual management.

Avasopasem manganese (GC4419) protects against cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease: An exploratory analysis of renal metrics from a randomized phase 2b clinical trial in head and neck cancer patients.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with high-dose cisplatin concurrently with radiotherapy (hdCis-RT) commonly suffer kidney injury leading to acute and chronic kidney disease (AKD and CKD, respectively). We conducted a retrospective analysis of renal function and kidney injury-related plasma biomarkers in a subset of HNSCC subjects receiving hdCis-RT in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT02508389) evaluating the superoxide dismutase mimetic, avasopasem manganese (AVA), an investigational new drug. We found that 90 mg AVA treatment prevented a significant reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) three months as well as six and twelve months after treatment compared to 30 mg AVA and placebo. Moreover, AVA treatment may have allowed renal repair in the first 22 days following cisplatin treatment as evidenced by an increase in epithelial growth factor (EGF), known to aid in renal recovery. An upward trend was also observed in plasma iron homeostasis proteins including total iron (Fe-blood) and iron saturation (Fe-saturation) in the 90 mg AVA group versus placebo. These data support the hypothesis that treatment with 90 mg AVA mitigates cisplatin-induced CKD by inhibiting hdCis-induced renal changes and promoting renal recovery.

Anticuerpos Anti-Titina en Encefalitis Autoinmune: ¿Casualidad o Causalidad? A propósito de un caso

Las encefalitis autoinmunes son una condición emergente, caracterizada por la aparición repentina de síntomas psicóticos o depresivos "de novo", crisis convulsivas o estatus epiléptico refractario, o demencia rápidamente progresiva. Las encefalitis autoinmunes están asociadas a diversos fenómenos desencadenantes, como infecciones virales previas entre las más comunes, y se asocian con la presencia de anticuerpos antineuronales y/o onconeuronales, que deben estudiarse ante la sospecha de esta entidad. Es muy importante desarrollar un diagnóstico presuntivo y precoz, ya que la terapia con inmunosupresores como los corticoides -iniciados en el momento oportuno-, puede cambiar su evolución hacia la mejoría clínica. Presentamos un paciente con encefalitis autoinmunes y anticuerpos anti-Titina positivos (habitualmente presentes en timoma y miastenia gravis), no asociados a neoplasia conocida y con buena respuesta a esteroides.

Autoimmune Encephalitis, are an emerging condition, characterized by the sudden onset of psychotic or depressive symptoms "de novo", refractory seizures or epilepsy, or rapidly progressive dementias. The autoimmune encephalitis are associated to various triggered phenomena as a previous viral infections among others; it's related to the presence of antineuronal and/or onconeuronal antibodies, and there must be studied when autoimmune encephalitis is suspected. It is very important to develop a presumptive and early diagnosis, since steroid therapy -on opportunity time- can change its evolution towards clinical improvement. We present a patient with autoimmune encephalitis, and positive anti-Titin antibodies (usually presents in thymoma and myasthenia gravis) not associated with known neoplasia, and with a good response to steroids.

Resultados funcionales de un programa de recuperación rápida comparado con el protocolo habitual en artroplastía total de rodilla / Functional results of a rapid recovery program compared to the usual protocol in total knee arthroplasty

Resumen: Introducción: Los programas de recuperación rápida en cirugía de reemplazo articular son eficaces en países desarrollados; el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados funcionales de un programa de recuperación rápida en nuestra población y comprarlos con los resultados del protocolo habitual. Material y métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico no ciego simple aleatorizado con pacientes candidatos a artroplastía total de rodilla (n = 51) reclutados de Mayo de 2018 a Diciembre de 2019. El grupo A (n = 24) recibió un programa de recuperación rápida y el grupo B (n = 27) recibió el protocolo habitual, con seguimiento durante 12 meses. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de t de Student (variables continuas paramétricas), Kruskal-Wallis (variables continuas no paramétricas) y la prueba de χ2 (variables categóricas). Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos en el dolor a los dos meses (grupo A 3.4 ± 1.3 versus grupo B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) y seis meses (1 ± 0.8 versus 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), con el cuestionario WOMAC a los dos meses (grupo A 74.5 ± 7.2 versus grupo B 67.2 ± 7.5, p ≤ 0.01), seis meses (88.7 ± 5.3 versus 83.0 ± 4.8, p ≤ 0.01) y 12 meses (90.1 ± 4.5 versus 86.7 ± 4.3, p ≤ 0.01) y con el cuestionario IDKC a los dos meses (grupo A 62.9 ± 7.0 versus grupo B 55.9 ± 6.1, p ≤ 0.01), seis meses (74.3 ± 2.7 versus 71.1 ± 3.9, p ≤ 0.01) y 12 meses (75.4 ± 3.0 versus 72.6 ± 3.5, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sugieren que la implementación de estos programas puede ser una alternativa segura y eficaz en cuanto a la disminución del dolor y a la capacidad funcional en nuestra población.

Abstract: Introduction: Rapid recovery programs in joint replacement surgery are effective in developed countries; The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of a rapid recovery program in our population and to compare them with the results of the usual protocol. Material and methods: A randomized single blinded clinical trial was conducted with patients who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty (n = 51) recruited from May 2018 to December 2019. group A (n = 24) received a rapid recovery program and group B (n = 27) received the usual protocol, with follow-up for 12 months. For statistical analysis, the Student's t test (parametric continuous variables), Kruskal-Wallis (nonparametric continuous variables) and the chi-square test (categorical variables) were used. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between groups in pain at two months (group A 3.4 ± 1.3 vs group B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) and six months (1 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), with the WOMAC questionnaire at two months (group A 74.5 ± 7.2 vs group B 67.2 ± 7.5, p ≤ 0.01), six months (88.7 ± 5.3 vs 83.0 ± 4.8, p ≤ 0.01) and 12 months (90.1 ± 4.5 vs 86.7 ± 4.3, p ≤ 0.01), and with the IDKC questionnaire at two months (group A 62.9 ± 7.0 vs group B 55.9 ± 6.1, p ≤ 0.01), six months (74.3 ± 2.7 vs 71.1 ± 3.9, p ≤ 0.01) and 12 months (75.4 ± 3.0 vs 72.6 ± 3.5, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that the implementation of these programs can be a safe and effective alternative in terms of reducing pain and functional capacity in our population.

Limits of the precision in refractive results after cataract surgery.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In order to improve refractive results in cataract surgery with an intraocular lens implant, it is important to know the sources of error as well as the limit of this process. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to approximate the theoretical limit in the precision in the refractive result after cataract surgery with the currently available means and to assess the impact of different sources of error in this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a search of the literature to determine the variability provided by each component of the process. Based on the Barrett Universal-II formula, we performed an error propagation analysis. The theoretical limit was defined as the situation in which the refractive result is only affected by the variability in the parameters introduced in the formula, the tolerance of the intraocular lens and the subjective refraction. RESULTS: The main contributors to the error were (1) intraoperative and postoperative variability variables not considered by the formulas (49.33%), (2) postoperative subjective refraction (38.29%), (3) mean keratometry (5.98%) and (4) the variability in the labelling of the power of the intraocular lens (5.09%). The theoretical limit obtained for the intraocular lens calculation with the means available today was 91.9% of the eyes between ±0.50D. CONCLUSIONS: We found a theoretical limit for the intraocular lens calculation of 91.9% of the eyes between ±0.50D. Approaching the precision limit described in the study requires the use of optical biometrics and state-of-the-art formulas, a reproducible surgical technique, and the compensation of systematic errors by adjusting constants.

[Functional results of a rapid recovery program compared to the usual protocol in total knee arthroplasty]. / Resultados funcionales de un programa de recuperación rápida comparado con el protocolo habitual en artroplastía total de rodilla.

INTRODUCTION: rapid recovery programs in joint replacement surgery are effective in developed countries; The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of a rapid recovery program in our population and to compare them with the results of the usual protocol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a randomized single blinded clinical trial was conducted with patients who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty (n = 51) recruited from May 2018 to December 2019. group A (n = 24) received a rapid recovery program and group B (n = 27) received the usual protocol, with follow-up for 12 months. For statistical analysis, the Student's t test (parametric continuous variables), Kruskal-Wallis (nonparametric continuous variables) and the chi-square test (categorical variables) were used. RESULTS: statistically significant differences were found between groups in pain at two months (group A 3.4 ± 1.3 vs group B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) and six months (1 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), with the WOMAC questionnaire at two months (group A 74.5 ± 7.2 vs group B 67.2 ± 7.5, p 0.01), six months (88.7 ± 5.3 vs 83.0 ± 4.8, p 0.01) and 12 months (90.1 ± 4.5 vs 86.7 ± 4.3, p 0.01), and with the IDKC questionnaire at two months (group A 62.9 ± 7.0 vs group B 55.9 ± 6.1, p 0.01), six months (74.3 ± 2.7 vs 71.1 ± 3.9, p 0.01) and 12 months (75.4 ± 3.0 vs 72.6 ± 3.5, p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: the results obtained in this study suggest that the implementation of these programs can be a safe and effective alternative in terms of reducing pain and functional capacity in our population.

INTRODUCCIÓN: los programas de recuperación rápida en cirugía de reemplazo articular son eficaces en países desarrollados; el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados funcionales de un programa de recuperación rápida en nuestra población y comprarlos con los resultados del protocolo habitual. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un ensayo clínico no ciego simple aleatorizado con pacientes candidatos a artroplastía total de rodilla (n = 51) reclutados de Mayo de 2018 a Diciembre de 2019. El grupo A (n = 24) recibió un programa de recuperación rápida y el grupo B (n = 27) recibió el protocolo habitual, con seguimiento durante 12 meses. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de t de Student (variables continuas paramétricas), Kruskal-Wallis (variables continuas no paramétricas) y la prueba de 2 (variables categóricas). RESULTADOS: se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos en el dolor a los dos meses (grupo A 3.4 ± 1.3 versus grupo B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) y seis meses (1 ± 0.8 versus 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), con el cuestionario WOMAC a los dos meses (grupo A 74.5 ± 7.2 versus grupo B 67.2 ± 7.5, p 0.01), seis meses (88.7 ± 5.3 versus 83.0 ± 4.8, p 0.01) y 12 meses (90.1 ± 4.5 versus 86.7 ± 4.3, p 0.01) y con el cuestionario IDKC a los dos meses (grupo A 62.9 ± 7.0 versus grupo B 55.9 ± 6.1, p 0.01), seis meses (74.3 ± 2.7 versus 71.1 ± 3.9, p 0.01) y 12 meses (75.4 ± 3.0 versus 72.6 ± 3.5, p 0.01). CONCLUSIONES: los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sugieren que la implementación de estos programas puede ser una alternativa segura y eficaz en cuanto a la disminución del dolor y a la capacidad funcional en nuestra población.

Clinical and dermatoscopic predictors of squamous cell carcinoma of the lips: a case-control, multicentric study.

BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip accounts for 20% of all oral carcinomas. Its diagnosis may be challenging because it clinically resembles actinic cheilitis and inflammatory lesions of the lips. OBJECTIVES: To determine clinical and dermatoscopic predictors of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip vs. other lip lesions. METHODS: Multicentre retrospective morphological study, including histologically confirmed cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip and controls consisting of actinic cheilitis and inflammatory lesions of the lips. Clinical and dermatoscopic images were evaluated for the presence of predefined criteria. Crude and adjusted odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression respectively. RESULTS: A total of 177 lip lesions were evaluated, 107 (60.5%) were squamous cell carcinomas and 70 (39.5%) were controls. The most frequent dermatoscopic criteria of lip squamous cell carcinoma were scales (100%), white halos (87.3%) and ulceration (79.4%). The majority of squamous cell carcinomas displayed polymorphic vessels (60.8%), with linear (68.6%) and hairpin (67.6%) being the most frequent types. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that clinical predictors of lip squamous cell carcinoma were exophytic appearance and clinical hyperkeratosis, with 43-fold and 6-fold higher probability respectively. White clods and ulceration in dermoscopy presented a 6-fold and 4-fold increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A scaly lesion with exophytic growth, dermatoscopically displaying white clods, ulceration and linear and hairpin vessels is very likely a squamous cell carcinoma of the lip.

Treatment results of a modified Eden-Hybinette technique for anterior shoulder instability / Resultados del tratamiento de una técnica modificada de Eden-Hybinette para la inestabilidad del hombro anterior

Abstract: Introduction: Glenohumeral instability occurs in active-age patients with high recurrence rates in previously described treatments. The objective of the study was to analyze the functional and radiographic results of the patients that underwent a modified Eden-Hybinette technique. Material and methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, 14 patients with post-traumatic anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid bone loss higher or equal to 15% with or without Hill-Sachs lesion were included, qe used the modified Eden-Hybinette technique and outcomes were evaluated with WOSI and ROWE scales pre and post-procedure at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, a CT scan was performed at 6 weeks to evaluate the integration of the graft. Results: Five women (35%) and nine men (65%) with a mean age of 39.1 (± 14) years were included. Ten involved the right shoulder (71.4%) and four the left one (28.5%). The results of WOSI and ROWE scales were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) in postsurgical evaluations as in all periods analyzed in contrast to a pre-surgical standing point; components of the WOSI test were also viewed separately (Sports, Lifestyle, Emotion, and Physical Symptoms) to assess if any of those separately could've altered or significantly influenced the total score obtained, but we found statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) in all parameters. There was no recurrence or complications until the last follow-up. Conclusions: The modified Eden-Hybinette technique offers good short-term functional results. It is a safe technique. Further studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness and possible long-term results and complications.

Resumen: Introducción: La inestabilidad glenohumeral ocurre en pacientes en edad activa con altas tasas de recurrencia en tratamientos descritos anteriormente. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los resultados funcionales y radiográficos de los pacientes sometidos a una técnica de Eden-Hybinette modificada. Material y métodos: De enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2019, se incluyeron 14 pacientes con inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior postraumática con pérdida ósea glenoidea mayor o igual a 15% con o sin lesión de Hill-Sachs, se utilizó la técnica modificada de Eden-Hybinette y se evaluaron los resultados con las escalas WOSI y ROWE pre- y postprocedimiento a los 6, 12 y 24 meses de seguimiento, se realizó una tomografía computarizada a las seis semanas para evaluar la integración del injerto. Resultados: Evaluamos cinco mujeres (35%) y nueve hombres (65%) con una edad media de 39.1 (± 14) años. Diez involucraron el hombro derecho (71.4%) y cuatro el izquierdo (28.5%). Los resultados de las escalas WOSI y ROWE fueron estadísticamente significativos (p ≤ 0.05) en las evaluaciones postquirúrgicas como en todos los períodos analizados en contraste con el prequirúrgico. Los componentes de la prueba WOSI también se vieron por separado (deportes, estilo de vida, emoción y síntomas físicos) para evaluar si alguno de ellos por separado podría haber alterado o influido en la puntuación total obtenida, pero encontramos significancia estadística (p ≤ 0.05) en todos los parámetros. No hubo recurrencia ni complicaciones hasta el último seguimiento. Conclusiones: La técnica Eden-Hybinette modificada ofrece buenos resultados funcionales a corto plazo. Es una técnica segura. Se necesitan estudios adicionales para determinar la efectividad y los posibles resultados y complicaciones a largo plazo.

[Comparative study between enoxaparin and salicylic acetyl acid in antithrombotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty]. / Estudio comparativo entre enoxaparina y ácido acetilsalicílico en profilaxis antitrombótica para pacientes sometidos a artroplastía total de rodilla.

INTRODUCTION: There is still controversy regarding thrombo-prophylaxis for the reduction of thromboembolic disease in major orthopedic surgery. OBJECTIVE: To answer the following question: is there a difference in the effectiveness and safety in the antithrombotic management of patients with a traditional regimen of enoxaparin against acetyl salicylic acid? MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surgeries were performed by 3 surgeons; the sample was randomized and the patients were subjected to the study criteria. We evaluated efficacy and safety as well as the need for readmission and secondary variables such as infection, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebral vascular disease and death with a follow-up of 90 days. RESULTS: The total sample was 402 patients; 214 in the enoxaparin group and 188 in the aspirin group. There were 5 cases (1.24%) with thromboembolic disease, 3 (1.4%) enoxaparin and 2 (1.06%) aspirin without significant difference (p = 0.23). In terms of safety, major bleeding was zero in both groups, with minor bleeding in 7 patients (1.74%), 4 (1.86%) were from the enoxaparin group and 3 (1.59%) from the aspirin group without significant differences (p = 0.82). Secondary outcomes showed 5 (1.24%) superficial surgical wound infections and one AMI in the first 30 days of the procedure in the enoxaparin group. CONCLUSION: Aspirin as monotherapy is safe, effective in antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients operated on total knee arthroplasty.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Aún existe controversia en cuanto a la tromboprofilaxis para la disminución de la enfermedad tromboembólica en la cirugía ortopédica mayor. OBJETIVO: Responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿existe diferencia en la efectividad y seguridad en el manejo antitrombótico de pacientes con un régimen tradicional de enoxaparina contra ácido acetilsalicílico? MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Las cirugías se llevaron a cabo por tres cirujanos, se aleatorizó la muestra y los pacientes fueron sometidos a los criterios del estudio. Evaluamos eficacia y seguridad así como la necesidad de reingreso y variables secundarias como infección, infarto agudo de miocardio, enfermedad vascular cerebral y muerte con un seguimiento de 90 días. RESULTADOS: El total de la muestra fue de 402 pacientes, 214 en el grupo de enoxaparina y 188 en el de aspirina. Se presentaron cinco casos (1.24%) con enfermedad tromboembólica, tres (1.4%) enoxaparina y dos (1.06%) aspirina sin diferencia significativa (p = 0.23). En cuanto a seguridad, el sangrado mayor fue cero en ambos grupos, presentándose sangrado menor en siete pacientes (1.74%), cuatro (1.86%) fueron del grupo enoxaparina y tres (1.59%) del grupo aspirina sin diferencias significativas (p = 0.82). Los resultados secundarios mostraron cinco (1.24%) infecciones de herida quirúrgica superficiales y un IAM en los primeros 30 días del procedimiento en el grupo de enoxaparina. CONCLUSIÓN: La aspirina como monoterapia es segura y eficaz en profilaxis antitrombótica en pacientes operados de artroplastía total de rodilla.

Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en Odontología: revisión de la literatura / Application of artificial intelligence in dentistry: literature review

En este artículo se revisó sobre inteligencia artificial (IA) y su aplicación en el campo odontológico. El objetivo fue revisar la evidencia sobre inteligencia artificial y su aplicación en las diferentes especialidades odontológicas. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de Medline/PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science desde el año 2017 al 2021. Se encontraron 321 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 62, que mostraron la aplicación de la IA en seis especialidades: periodoncia, implantología, odontología forense, medicina y patología oral, ortodoncia y diagnóstico/cariología/endodoncia. Se encontró que la especialidad con más artículos sobre el tópico de IA fue la de diagnóstico/cariología/ endodoncia y el tipo de inteligencia artificial que más se utilizó fue el de red neural convolucional. Se concluyó que la IA se está utilizando ampliamente en odontología demostrando resultados prometedores ya que muestran una precisión equivalente a la de diferentes especialistas capacitados y en algunos casos superan los errores humanos demostrando excelentes resultados.

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the dental field was reviewed in this article. The objective was to review the evidence on artificial intelligence and its application in the different dental specialties. A search was carried out on Medline/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2017 to 2021. Three hundred and twenty-one articles were found, of which 62 were selected and allowed the application of AI in six specialties: periodontology, implantology, forensic dentistry, oral medicine and pathology, orthodontics and diagnostic/cariology/endodontics. The specialty of diagnosis/caryology/ endodontics had more articles on the topic of AI and convolution neural network was the type of AI most used. It was concluded that AI is being widely used in dentistry showing promising results as they show an accuracy equivalent to that of different trained specialists and in some cases they overcome human errors showing excellent results.

Estudio comparativo entre enoxaparina y ácido acetilsalicílico en profilaxis antitrombótica para pacientes sometidos a artroplastía total de rodilla / Comparative study between enoxaparin and salicylic acetyl acid in antithrombotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

Resumen: Introducción: Aún existe controversia en cuanto a la tromboprofilaxis para la disminución de la enfermedad tromboembólica en la cirugía ortopédica mayor. Objetivo: Responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿existe diferencia en la efectividad y seguridad en el manejo antitrombótico de pacientes con un régimen tradicional de enoxaparina contra ácido acetilsalicílico? Material y métodos: Las cirugías se llevaron a cabo por tres cirujanos, se aleatorizó la muestra y los pacientes fueron sometidos a los criterios del estudio. Evaluamos eficacia y seguridad así como la necesidad de reingreso y variables secundarias como infección, infarto agudo de miocardio, enfermedad vascular cerebral y muerte con un seguimiento de 90 días. Resultados: El total de la muestra fue de 402 pacientes, 214 en el grupo de enoxaparina y 188 en el de aspirina. Se presentaron cinco casos (1.24%) con enfermedad tromboembólica, tres (1.4%) enoxaparina y dos (1.06%) aspirina sin diferencia significativa (p = 0.23). En cuanto a seguridad, el sangrado mayor fue cero en ambos grupos, presentándose sangrado menor en siete pacientes (1.74%), cuatro (1.86%) fueron del grupo enoxaparina y tres (1.59%) del grupo aspirina sin diferencias significativas (p = 0.82). Los resultados secundarios mostraron cinco (1.24%) infecciones de herida quirúrgica superficiales y un IAM en los primeros 30 días del procedimiento en el grupo de enoxaparina. Conclusión: La aspirina como monoterapia es segura y eficaz en profilaxis antitrombótica en pacientes operados de artroplastía total de rodilla.

Abstract: Introduction: There is still controversy regarding thrombo-prophylaxis for the reduction of thromboembolic disease in major orthopedic surgery. Objective: To answer the following question: is there a difference in the effectiveness and safety in the antithrombotic management of patients with a traditional regimen of enoxaparin against acetyl salicylic acid? Material and methods: The surgeries were performed by 3 surgeons; the sample was randomized and the patients were subjected to the study criteria. We evaluated efficacy and safety as well as the need for readmission and secondary variables such as infection, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebral vascular disease and death with a follow-up of 90 days. Results: The total sample was 402 patients; 214 in the enoxaparin group and 188 in the aspirin group. There were 5 cases (1.24%) with thromboembolic disease, 3 (1.4%) enoxaparin and 2 (1.06%) aspirin without significant difference (p = 0.23). In terms of safety, major bleeding was zero in both groups, with minor bleeding in 7 patients (1.74%), 4 (1.86%) were from the enoxaparin group and 3 (1.59%) from the aspirin group without significant differences (p = 0.82). Secondary outcomes showed 5 (1.24%) superficial surgical wound infections and one AMI in the first 30 days of the procedure in the enoxaparin group. Conclusion: Aspirin as monotherapy is safe, effective in antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients operated on total knee arthroplasty.

[Management of elective surgical activity in a tertiary hospital during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic]. / Gestión de la actividad quirúrgica electiva de un hospital terciario durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.

INTRODUCTION: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, elective surgical activity was reduced to a minimum. As both the number of cases and the hospitalization needs for this pathology decreased, we thought it appropriate to progressively recover scheduled surgical activity. This work describes how, even with the current alarm state, we were able to practically normalize this activity in a few weeks. METHODS: Two weeks before the intervention, the patients included in the waiting lists were contacted by telephone. After checking their health status and expressing their desire to undergo surgery, they were provided with recommendations to decrease the risk of coronavirus infection. Likewise, an exclusive circuit was established to carry out, 48 hours before the intervention, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by means of exudates nasopharyngeal PCR. The results were evaluated by each surgical service and the anesthesiology service. In addition, asymptomatic Surgical Area professionals could undergo weekly screening for the early detection of coronavirus according to the recommendations of Occupational Health. RESULTS: In the midst of a pandemic, scheduled surgical activity was reduced by 85%. From the week of April 13, the operating rooms available were recovered, which allowed practically all surgical activity to be recovered the week of May 25. CONCLUSIONS: The creation of circuits and procedures to streamline surgical activity, still in full force of the state of alarm, has allowed us, in a few weeks, to recover almost all of it.

Immortalization of primary sheep embryo kidney cells.

Sheep primary epithelial cells are short-lived in cell culture systems. For long-term in vitro studies, primary cells need to be immortalized. This study aims to establish and characterize T immortalized sheep embryo kidney cells (TISEKC). In this study, we used fetal lamb kidneys to derive primary cultures of epithelial cells. We subsequently immortalized these cells using the large T SV40 antigen to generate crude TISEKC and isolate TISEKC clones. Among numerous clones of immortalized cells, the selected TISEKC-5 maintained active division and cell growth over 20 passages but lacked expression of the oncogenic large T SV40 antigen. Morphologically, TISEKC-5 maintained their epithelial aspect similar to the parental primary epithelial cells. However, their growth properties showed quite different patterns. Crude TISEKC, as well as the clones of TISEKC proliferated highly in culture compared to the parental primary cells. In the early passages, immortalized cells showed heterogeneous polyploidy but in the late passages the karyotype of immortalized cells became progressively stable, identical to that of the primary cells, because the TISEKC-5 cell line has lost the large SV40 T antigen expression, this cell line is a valuable tool for veterinary sciences and biotechnological productions.

Treatment results of a modified Eden-Hybinette technique for anterior shoulder instability.

INTRODUCTION: Glenohumeral instability occurs in active-age patients with high recurrence rates in previously described treatments. The objective of the study was to analyze the functional and radiographic results of the patients that underwent a modified Eden-Hybinette technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 2017 to December 2019, 14 patients with post-traumatic anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid bone loss higher or equal to 15% with or without Hill-Sachs lesion were included, qe used the modified Eden-Hybinette technique and outcomes were evaluated with WOSI and ROWE scales pre and post-procedure at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, a CT scan was performed at 6 weeks to evaluate the integration of the graft. RESULTS: Five women (35%) and nine men (65%) with a mean age of 39.1 (± 14) years were included. Ten involved the right shoulder (71.4%) and four the left one (28.5%). The results of WOSI and ROWE scales were statistically significant (p 0.05) in postsurgical evaluations as in all periods analyzed in contrast to a pre-surgical standing point; components of the WOSI test were also viewed separately (Sports, Lifestyle, Emotion, and Physical Symptoms) to assess if any of those separately could've altered or significantly influenced the total score obtained, but we found statistical significance (p 0.05) in all parameters. There was no recurrence or complications until the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The modified Eden-Hybinette technique offers good short-term functional results. It is a safe technique. Further studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness and possible long-term results and complications.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La inestabilidad glenohumeral ocurre en pacientes en edad activa con altas tasas de recurrencia en tratamientos descritos anteriormente. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los resultados funcionales y radiográficos de los pacientes sometidos a una técnica de Eden-Hybinette modificada. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: De enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2019, se incluyeron 14 pacientes con inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior postraumática con pérdida ósea glenoidea mayor o igual a 15% con o sin lesión de Hill-Sachs, se utilizó la técnica modificada de Eden-Hybinette y se evaluaron los resultados con las escalas WOSI y ROWE pre- y postprocedimiento a los 6, 12 y 24 meses de seguimiento, se realizó una tomografía computarizada a las seis semanas para evaluar la integración del injerto. RESULTADOS: Evaluamos cinco mujeres (35%) y nueve hombres (65%) con una edad media de 39.1 (± 14) años. Diez involucraron el hombro derecho (71.4%) y cuatro el izquierdo (28.5%). Los resultados de las escalas WOSI y ROWE fueron estadísticamente significativos (p 0.05) en las evaluaciones postquirúrgicas como en todos los períodos analizados en contraste con el prequirúrgico. Los componentes de la prueba WOSI también se vieron por separado (deportes, estilo de vida, emoción y síntomas físicos) para evaluar si alguno de ellos por separado podría haber alterado o influido en la puntuación total obtenida, pero encontramos significancia estadística (p 0.05) en todos los parámetros. No hubo recurrencia ni complicaciones hasta el último seguimiento. CONCLUSIONES: La técnica Eden-Hybinette modificada ofrece buenos resultados funcionales a corto plazo. Es una técnica segura. Se necesitan estudios adicionales para determinar la efectividad y los posibles resultados y complicaciones a largo plazo.