[Experience of application of nonsuture electrowelding technologies in thoracic surgery].

Experience of application of nonsuture electrowelding technologies (NEWT) was analyzed while performing open and miniinvasive thoracoscopic operations in 116 patients. No essential differences were revealed while comparing domestic and foreign electrowelding surgical instruments. Possibility of wide application of NEWT in miniinvasive videothoracoscopic surgery was demonstrated.

[Application of electrowelding technologies in videothoracoscopic pulmonary surgery].

Experience of videothoracoscopic pulmonary resection, using nonsuture electrowelding technology in 42 patients, was summarized. Using such technology application have guaranteed the lowering of prime cost of endoscopic intervention, in several patients it made possible to avoid a mechanical suturing application. After the operation all the patients are alive, the morbidity rate was 7.1%, a stationary treatment of a patient have constituted 5.7 days at average.

[Possibilities of improving of videothoracoscopic operations for spontaneous pneumothorax].

A 15-years experience of videothoracoscopic operations in the treatment of 616 patients, suffering spontaneous pneumothorax, was summarized. The methods of videothoracoscopic operations, depending on the volume and localization of pathological process in pulmonary tissues, were depicted. The stages of endoscopic surgical intervention for spontaneous pneumothorax were analyzed. The disease recurrence, while using videothoracoscopic operations, have occurred in 3.6% of patients. All the patients are alive.

[Application of combined videothoracoscopic resection in thoracic surgery].

The method of combined videothoracoscopic atypical pulmonary resection, permitting to apply endostaplers and standard staplers in one intervention procedure, was elaborated. The method was applied in 47 patients in various pulmonary diseases without severe complications, all the patients are alive. Economic expedience of the method application, permitting to reduce usage of endostaplers, was shown.

[Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries for thoracic diseases and trauma].

The experience of videothoracoscopic operations, performed for various diseases of the thoracic organs, was summarized. The reduction of the operation traumaticity, the complications rate, lethality, the patients rehabilitation duration permits to consider videothoracoscopic operations as the method of choice in many thoracic diseases and trauma.

[Application of early videothoracoscopic pulmonary decortication in the treatment of an acute pleural empyema and suppurated clotted hemothorax].

There was presented the experience of performance of videothoracoscopic pulmonary decortications in 22 patients, suffering suppurated clotted hemothorax, and in 188--an acute pleural empyema. In 97.3% patients the cessation of purulent process and pulmonary volume restoration were achieved. Residual cavities with the pulmonary nonairtightness signs were revealed in 3 (1.4%) patients, the empyema recurrence--in 1 (0.5%), suppuration of the wound, made by thoracic port--in 1 (0.5%), all the patients are alive.

[The performance of video-assisted thoracoscopic operations for later complications of thoracic trauma].

There was presented the experience of videothoracoscopic operations performance in 62 patients, suffering late complications of thoracic trauma, which had occurred after perforating woundings--in 16 and the closed trauma--in 46. Good clinical effect was achieved in 98% of injured persons. All the patients are alive.

[Endoscopic operations on the trachea and bronchi].

The experience of performance of 1425 endoscopic recanalization operations, done in 864 patients for the tumor and cicatricial stenosis of trachea and bronchi, was summarized. The methods were depicted of endoscopic destruction as a definite treatment or as a successful stage of the combined treatment. The possibility there was shown of the lasers and electrocoagulation application for the respiratory ways stenosis recanalization. The passability of respiratory ways restoration was achieved in 85.2% of patients. Lethality after endoscopic operations had constituted 1.6%.

[Role of video-assisted thoracoscopic operation in the treatment of later complications of the chest injury].

The experience reported of videothoracoscopical operations in 62 patients with late complications of chest trauma occurring after penetrating open wounds of chest--in 16 patients and in 46 one--with closed trauma. Good clinical effects achieved in 98% of the patients. The reported complications after video-assisted thoracoscopical operations--4 purulent inflammation of thoracoportal incisions, 3--marginal pleuritis. After the operation all the patients are alive.

[Surgical treatment of non-tumorous stenosis of the esophagus].

Experience of different types of esophagoplasty at nontumours stenosis of esophagus at 61 patient is resulted. Possible variants of esophagoplasty are described by both a stomach and a colon, and also stages of implementation. The analysis of postoperation complications, probability of their origin depending on the method of esophagoplasty, possibility of prophylaxis is conducted. Good results are attained at 78.5% of patients, lethality make 3.3%.

[The role of videothoracoscopic operations in diagnosis and treatment of penetrating thoracic trauma].

The experience of videothoracoscopic operations performance on the base of the regional hospital thoracic department in 62 injured persons, suffering penetrating thoracic trauma, is adduced. Tactics and methods of treatment of these patients, using modern technologies and endoscopic interventions are depicted. Comparative analysis of the various methods efficacy was conducted, there results, advantages and faults were estimated. The recommendations concerning application of methods of treatment in various clinical situations are given.

[Possibilities of videothoracoscopic pulmonary resection in thoracic surgery].

The experience of videothoracoscopic pulmonary resection performance in various diseases in 183 patients was summarized. The methods of endoscopic and videoassisted pulmonary resection, including those conducted for peripheral cancer, using home-made and foreign suture apparatuses, were depicted. The indications were adduced for performance of diagnostic and curative videothoracoscopic operations, possibilities of their application, advantages in comparison with open operative procedures were adduced.

[Methods of videothoracoscopic biopsy of lung].

The biopsy of lung with the purpose of pathological process verification is an obligatory condition in diagnostics of disseminated diseases of lungs. The methods of videothoracoscopic operations and video-assisted biopsy of lung at 37 patients are described, their advantages and deficiencies. The duration of pain syndrome, cosmetic effect depending on the method of operative intervention and using of domestic or foreign sewing together vehicles were considered. Morphological verification is got in all patients. All patients alive.

[Surgical treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis].

The experience of surgical treatment of the pulmonary echinococcosis (PE) at 515 patients is generalized. Character of operative intervention at PE depends on cyst's localization and presence of complications. The method of echinococcectomy with the cappitonnage of fibrous capsule, which is the most effective method of PE surgical treatment, is expounded. The methods of fibrous capsule anti-parasitogenic treatment are described: chemical (10% solution of sodium chloride, chlorhexidinum, betalin), physical (laser radiation, stream of hot air), being most effective, simple and accessible. The methods of videothoracoscopic (VTO) and video-assisted echinococcectomy (VAE), at which application permits the rehabilitation period of patients diminishes considerably, are expounded. The amount of postoperative complications at VTO and VAE made 16.7%, at open echinococcectomy--2.7%. Lethality was 0.2% (one patient died).

[Videothoracoscopic interventions in the treatment of pleural empyema].

The experience of treatment of patients, suffering an acute or chronic pleural empyema (PE), using modern videothoracoscopic technique, was presented. The methods of operative interventions performance, using general narcosis or local anesthesia, in different severity of affection and etiology of purulent process were depicted. Comparative estimation of videothoracoscopic operations vs other methods, performed for PE, was performed. Intraoperative AIG-laser coagulation and electrocoagulation of pleural fistulas were applied for the treatment efficacy rising. There were noted the treatment efficacy rising, relatively low rate of postoperative complications (7.5%), the shortening of the patients stationary treatment period as well as postoperative rehabilitation and disability periods. All the patients are alive.

[Application of videothoracoscopic pleurodesis in malignant exudative pleuritis].

Experience of the different etiology metastatic pleuritis treatment in 15 patients was summarized. The method of videothoracoscopic pleurodesis performance after wide biopsy of parietal pleura was depicted. Various methods of pleurodesis performance, using electrocoagulation, laser irradiation, chemical substances, are adduced. The technique of videothoracoscopic interventions performance and complications are depicted in detail. In 80% of patients the fair result, demonstrated by cessation of the exudates production, was achieved.

[The role of videothoracoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of metastatic tumoral pleuritis].

The experience of diagnosis and treatment of 108 patients, suffering malignant metastatic exudative pleuritis, is presented. Different variants of pleuropulmonary biopsy, performed under local anesthesia and narcosis, are suggested. Special attention is dedicated to various methods of pleurodesis, performed as a variant of palliative treatment and prophylaxis of exudation. Comparative characteristics on efficacy of various methods of pleurodesis and the others are adduced. Simple methods, using chemopreparations, must be preferred while choosing the pleurodesis method. All the patients are alive.