RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: To eliminate the COVID-19 pandemic, the transmission of the virus SARS-CoV-2 among the population needs to be blocked and/or at least reduced. Upper respiratory tract viral loads are highest in the early stages of the disease, and high loads are associated with higher mortality rates. This study aims to evaluate the virucidal efficacy of AOS2020, a novel sprayable Acid-Oxidizing solution containing pure and stable hypochlorous acid (HClO), on human coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 in vitro, and the tolerability profile on nasal and oral mucosa suggesting to be a potential solution for upper respiratory hygiene. METHOD: Virucidal assays and intranasal and oral irritation tests were undertaken in accordance with relevant national and international guidance and methods. RESULTS: In pre-clinical tests, the AOS2020, showed > 99.8% virucidal efficacy in < 1 min against SARS-Cov-2. The safety profile testing on both the nasal and oral mucosa indicates that AOS2020 is non-irritant. CONCLUSION: These initial results indicate that this product has the potential treatment to reduce viral load in the upper respiratory tract.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Higiene , Ácido Hipocloroso/farmacologia , Nariz , Oxirredução , PandemiasAssuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Betacoronavirus/efeitos dos fármacos , Mesilato de Imatinib/farmacologia , Niacinamida/análogos & derivados , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Pirazóis/farmacologia , Betacoronavirus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Betacoronavirus/patogenicidade , COVID-19 , Células CACO-2 , Infecções por Coronavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Reposicionamento de Medicamentos , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Niacinamida/farmacologia , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , SARS-CoV-2 , Internalização do Vírus/efeitos dos fármacos , Replicação Viral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The Adames strain of Punta Toro virus (PTV-A, Bunyaviridae, Phlebovirus) causes an acute lethal disease in hamsters and mice. The Balliet strain of the virus (PTV-B) is generally considered to be avirulent. The difference in hamster susceptibility is likely due to the ability of PTV-A to suppress interferon (IFN)-beta similarly to that described for Rift Valley fever virus. Here we investigated strain differences in PTV pathogenesis and the IFN response in mice. Although PTV-B infection in mice did not induce systemic IFN-beta release, primary macrophages produced dramatically higher levels when exposed to the virus in culture. The importance of IFN in resistance to PTV infection was borne out in studies employing STAT-1 knock-out mice. Also, a number of genes specific to IFN response pathways were upregulated in PTV-B-infected macrophages. Our findings provide new insights into the type I IFN response during PTV infection in the mouse model of phleboviral disease.