Microvascular density analysis and histological parameters of oral cancer progression.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the role of blood and lymphatic microvascular density in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample was composed of 54 cases of OSCC. The immunoexpression to anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and to anti-endoglin (CD105) was used to determine the microvessel density (MVD); anti-podoplanin (D2-40) was used to assess the lymphatic vessel density (LVD); vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was evaluated in malignant cells. The histological differentiation, the worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), tumour thickness and tumour budding (TB) intensity were assessed using haematoxylin-eosin and anti-pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3). Patients' age and sex, TNM classification and follow-up time were collected from the medical records. RESULTS: MVD markers presented a similar pattern of expression in blood vessels. However, only α-SMA + MVD was significantly higher among women and in tumours ≤4 cm. LVD was lower in tumours with lymph node metastasis. Regarding the histological parameters, high TB intensity was associated with histological differentiation, advanced clinical stage, greater tumour thickness and reduced disease-free survival. No difference was found in VEGF. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in OSCC LVD could be related to pathological node involvement, whereas high TB intensity could indicate OSCC progression and worse patient outcomes.

Association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, proliferative index, and oral epithelial dysplasia: an immunohistochemical study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to correlate the immunoexpression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, vimentin and E-cadherin (E-CAD), and putative markers, podoplanin (PDPN) and osteopontin (OTPN), with the expression of interleukin (IL-6), P53, and Ki-67, and with clinical and histologic parameters of oral epithelial dysplasia (ED). STUDY DESIGN: Immunohistochemical reactions were performed in 61 cases of leukoplakia with ED, graded as low-risk (LRED = 38) and high-risk (HRED = 23) for malignant transformation. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI were calculated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: High-risk epithelial dysplasia was more frequently observed in non-homogeneous leukoplakia (OR:7.66; CI:1.43-41.04), lesions on the tongue/floor of the mouth (OR:3.37; 95% CI:1.14-9.94), and intense PDPN expression (OR:9.17; CI:1.0-83.77). High-risk epithelial dysplasia exhibited higher Ki-67 expression than LRED (P = .013). Non-continuous PDPN was more likely to exhibit extensive loss of E-CAD than continuous PDPN expression (OR:5.81; CI:1.18-28.55). Intense OTPN was more likely to exhibit intense IL-6 than mild/moderate OTPN expression (OR: 8.06, 95% CI: 1.33-48.85). P53 expression was higher in the intense IL-6 group than in the mild/moderate expression group (P = .021). CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the potential of PDPN as a biomarker for malignant transformation owing to its association with HRED and loss of E-CAD expression. Additionally, we demonstrated a possible shared regulatory mechanism between IL-6 and OTPN expression.

Top 100 most-cited articles on intraoral squamous cell carcinoma and its risk factors: a bibliometric study.

This study aimed to analyze the 100 most-cited articles on intraoral squamous cell carcinoma and its risk factors. A literature search was conducted on November 12, 2020 using the Web of Science database. Bibliometric data were collected after study selection. Bibliometric maps were generated using VOSviewer software. Articles were ranked based on the number of citations, ranging from 108 to 1513 per study. Eleven studies presented at least 400 citations. Articles were published between 1950 and 2017 and were mostly case-control studies (n = 39) and narrative reviews (n = 29). The author and institution in most articles were S. Franceschi (n = 10) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (n = 10), respectively. The most prominent countries were the United States (n = 35), the United Kingdom (n = 16), and France (n = 9). Among the 100 most-cited articles, only one article was from Brazil, and the authors were affiliated with the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. Bibliometric maps showed strong associations between the terms alcohol, smoked/smokeless tobacco, and human papillomavirus. Emerging terms, such as areca nut and betel quid, were cited in recent articles. In conclusion, alcohol, tobacco, and human papillomavirus were the most prominent risk factors. Case-control design was the most common study design, and the majority of studies were conducted in the United States by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

Top 100 most-cited articles on intraoral squamous cell carcinoma and its risk factors: a bibliometric study

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the 100 most-cited articles on intraoral squamous cell carcinoma and its risk factors. A literature search was conducted on November 12, 2020 using the Web of Science database. Bibliometric data were collected after study selection. Bibliometric maps were generated using VOSviewer software. Articles were ranked based on the number of citations, ranging from 108 to 1513 per study. Eleven studies presented at least 400 citations. Articles were published between 1950 and 2017 and were mostly case-control studies (n = 39) and narrative reviews (n = 29). The author and institution in most articles were S. Franceschi (n = 10) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (n = 10), respectively. The most prominent countries were the United States (n = 35), the United Kingdom (n = 16), and France (n = 9). Among the 100 most-cited articles, only one article was from Brazil, and the authors were affiliated with the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. Bibliometric maps showed strong associations between the terms alcohol, smoked/smokeless tobacco, and human papillomavirus. Emerging terms, such as areca nut and betel quid, were cited in recent articles. In conclusion, alcohol, tobacco, and human papillomavirus were the most prominent risk factors. Case-control design was the most common study design, and the majority of studies were conducted in the United States by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

Prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are chronic conditions, which have a higher risk of transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to answer the question: "What is the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders among adults?" Studies reporting the prevalence of these conditions (leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis [OSMF], and actinic cheilitis) were selected, only studies in which a clinical assessment and histopathological confirmation were performed were included. Of the 5513 studies, 22 met the inclusion criteria for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The risk of bias (RoB) of the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Seven studies were classified as high risk, 12 as moderate risk, and 3 as low RoB. The meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of OPMD was 4.47% (95% CI = 2.43-7.08). The most prevalent OPMDs were OSMF (4.96%; 95% CI = 2.28-8.62) and leukoplakia (4.11%; 95% CI = 1.98-6.97). OPMDs were identified more commonly in males (59.99%; 95% CI = 41.27-77.30). Asian and South American/Caribbean populations had the highest prevalence rates of 10.54% (95% CI = 4.60-18.55) and 3.93% (95% CI = 2.43-5.77), respectively. The overall prevalence of OPMD worldwide was 4.47%, and males were more frequently affected by these disorders. The prevalence of OPMD differs between populations; therefore, further population-based studies may contribute to the better understanding of these differences.