Prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains in device associated nosocomial infection and their in vitro killing by nanocomposites.

Background: As per WHO, global burden of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) ranges between 7% and 12%. There is a dire need to screen Device associated nosocomial infections (DANIs) in hospitals(1). To investigate the prevalence of microbes in hospitals in DANI cases and analyse in vitro control of multi-drug resistant strains by nanotechnology intervention. Methods: Patients diagnosed with DANI were enrolled and monitored. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the etiological agent of DANIs were made by the phenotypic method and Vitek 2 automated systems according to standard protocol. In addition, biosynthesized nanocomposite was analysed for their antimicrobial activity by agar well-diffusion method, CFU count and DNA degradation analysis. Results: There were a total of 324 patients diagnosed with DANIs. Total 369 microbial pathogens were isolated from DANI patients. The majority (87%) of the pathogenic microbes were gram-negative bacilli and all were multidrug-resistant. 41.5% of the gram-negative isolates were ESBL producers. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contributes about 7.3% of the total isolates in gram-positive bacteria. Nanocomposite showed 100% bactericidal activity at 5 mg/ml concentration within 3 h of incubation, whereas 2.5 mg/ml concentration of nanocomposites takes 6 h to inhibit complete growth. Conclusions: DANI, which was found in patients of all age groups, us due to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. The most commn causative agents were Acinetobacter baumannii and Citrobacter species. Nanocomposites can provide an alternative solution to prevent the DANIs.

Solid pseudopapillary tumour of pancreas: a report of 5 cases.

A solid pseudopapillary tumour of the pancreas (SPT) is a rare neoplasm accounting for less than 2% of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms. SPT occurs in adolescent young females and is mostly benign. It is a low-grade malignant tumour that may evolve years before symptoms start and has a favourable prognosis. In this report we present five cases (four females, one male, aged 16, 45, 23, 17 and 55 years, respectively) of SPT localised in the pancreas, and discuss the clinical, imaging and histologic findings with a review of the literature. We retrospectively reviewed these five patients with SPT who underwent surgical resection in our hospital with a definitive histologic diagnosis of SPT.