Survival of Breast Cancer by Stage, Grade and Molecular Groups in Mallorca, Spain.

The aims of this study are: (1) to determine cause-specific survival by stage, grade, and molecular groups of breast cancer, (2) to identify factors which explain and predict the likelihood of survival and the risk of dying from this cancer; and (3) to find out the distribution of breast cancer cases by stage, grade, and molecular groups in females diagnosed in the period 2006-2012 in Mallorca (Spain). We collected data regarding age, date and diagnostic method, histology, laterality, sublocation, pathological or clinical tumor size (T), pathological or clinical regional lymph nodes (N), metastasis (M) and stage, histologic grade, estrogen and progesterone receptors status, HER-2 expression, Ki67 level, molecular classification, date of last follow-up or date of death, and cause of death. We identified 2869 cases. Cause-specific survival for the entire sample was 96% 1 year after diagnosis, 91% at 3 years and 87% at 5 years. Relative survival was 96.9% 1 year after diagnosis, 92.6% at 3 years and 88.5% at 5 years. The competing-risks regression model determined that patients over 65 years of age and patients with triple negative cancer have worse prognoses, and as stages progress, the prognosis for breast cancer worsens, especially from stage III.

Prostate Cancer Survival by Risk and Other Prognostic Factors in Mallorca, Spain.

Studies about the survival of patients with prostate cancer by stage or risk of progression are scarce. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the cause-specific survival by risk in prostate cancer patients in Mallorca diagnosed in the period 2006-2011; (2) to identify the factors that explain and predict the likelihood of survival and the risk of dying from this type of cancer; and (3) to determine the distribution of prostate cancer by risk in the patients in Mallorca diagnosed in the period 2006-2011. Incident prostate cancer cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 were identified through the Mallorca Cancer Registry. We collected age; date and method of diagnosis; date of follow-up or death; T, N, M and stage according to the TNM 7th edition; Gleason score; prostate-specific antigen (PSA); histology according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) 3rd edition, comorbidities and treatments. We calculated risk in four categories: low, medium, high and very high. The end point of follow-up was 31 December 2014. Multiple imputation (MI) was performed to estimate cases with unknown risk. We identified 2921 cases. Five years after diagnosis, survival after MI was 89% globally, and was 100% for low-risk cases, 96% for medium risk, 93% for high risk and 69% for very-high-risk cases. Cases with histology other than adenocarcinoma, with high (and especially very high) risk, as well as with systemic, mixed and observation/unspecified treatments had worse prognoses.

Diagnóstico ultrasonográfico del embarazo ectópico como urgencia ginecobstétrica / Sonographic diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy as a gynecological-obstetric emergency

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal transversal que incluyó a las pacientes intervenidas quirúrgicamente con embarazo ectópico en el Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" de la provincia Pinar del Río, durante el período comprendido desde el 1 de enero de 2010 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2010. Se incluyeron todas las pacientes egresadas a las que se les había realizado ultrasonografía y poseían un diagnóstico histológico postoperatorio de esta entidad. El embarazo ectópico durante el período estudiado fue más frecuente en grupo de mujeres comprendidas entre los 20-29años, del color de piel blanca, con un alto predomino en la localización tubárica, y con una condición física del EE roto, cuya forma de presentación ultrasonográfica más frecuentemente observada fue la de líquido libre intraabdominal, y de imagen de masa anexial.

A descriptive, longitudinal, cross-sectional study which included patients operated on ectopic pregnancy at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital, Pinar del Rio was conducted from January 1st, 2010 to December 31, 2010. All patients discharged from the hospital with sonographic diagnosis and having post-operative histological diagnosis of this entity were included in the study. The ectopic pregnancy was more frequent found, (in the period of the study) in women from 20 to 29 years old, tubal localization prevailed in Caucasian race having a physical condition of broken ectopic pregnancy, the most frequent presentation observed in sonographic images were intrabdominal free fluids and a mass in annexa.

Anomalía vaginal: a propósito de un caso interesante / Vaginal abnormality: an interesting case report

Las malformaciones uterovaginales (MUV), se deben a una alteración en el proceso de embriogénesis del sistema reproductor femenino. La ecografía tiene un rol importante en el estudio inicial de las mismas, la RMN tiene ventajas importantes, es un estudio no invasivo, con una sensibilidad de casi 100%. La histerosalpingografía es la técnica clásica para el estudio de las MUV que proporciona información sobre el canal cervical, endometrial y la permeabilidad tubárica. Se demuestra la utilidad de la ecografía transabdominal en el manejo imagenológico de una MUV y sus complicaciones principales al presentar el caso de una paciente de 12 años de edad que acudió a consulta con fiebre elevada, dolor hipogástrico y oliguria/disuria sin menarquia. Al examen físico se palpó tumoración suprapúbica, abombamiento perineal e himen no tunelizado, se constató edema facial e hipertensión arterial. La ecografía reveló una moderada dilatación de los sistemas excretores de ambos riñones, la cavidad vesical notablemente distendida, visualizándose masa hipoecoica retrovesical en fosa ilíaca derecha, sin septos ni contenido, relacionada con hematometra secundaria a himen imperforado, causando hidronefrosis obstructiva bilateral que condujo a retención urinaria y de fallo renal agudo. Se realizó corrección quirúrgica de la MUV obteniéndo una evolución clínico imagenológica satisfactoria.

Uterovaginal malformations (UVM) are due to an alteration in the process of embryogenesis of the female reproductive system. The imaging has a very important role during initial studies of these abnormalities; magnetic resonance imaging has significant advantages in non-invasive studies with a sensitivity of almost 100%. Hysterosalpingography is the classic technique to the study of UVM that provides information about cervical, endometrial canals and tubal permeability. The usefulness of the transabdominal imaging in the management of a UVM and main complications was showed when presenting a case of a 12 years old patient attending to the office with high fever, hypogastric pain and oliguria/dysuria without menarche. At physical examination a suprapubic tumor was palpated, a perineal dome, a non-tunneled hymen, facial edema and hypertension were observed. Imaging revealed a moderate dilatation of the excretory systems in both kidneys, vesical cavity was notable distended, visualizing a retrovesical hypoecoid mass in the right iliac fossa, without septa or contents related to a hematometra due to an imperforate hymen provoking bilateral obstructive hydronephrosis which led to a urinary retention of acute renal failure. Surgical correction of the UVM was carried out having a satisfactory imaging-clinical progression.