HMGA1 stimulates cancer stem-like features and sensitivity to monensin in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer represents a serious health problem worldwide, with insufficient molecular biomarkers and therapeutic options. Consequently, several efforts have been directed towards finding specific disease markers in order to develop new therapies capable of defeating gastric cancer. Attention has been pointed to cancer stem cells (CSCs) as they are primarily responsible for tumor initiation and recurrence, making them essential therapeutic targets. Using the SORE6-GFP reporter system, based on the expression of SOX2 and/or OCT4 to drive GFP expression, we isolated gastric cancer stem-like cells (SORE6+ cells) enriched in several molecules, including SOX2, C-MYC, KLF4, HIF-1α, NOTCH1 and HMGA1. Here, we explored the previously undisclosed link of HMGA1 with gastric CSCs. Our results indicated that HMGA1 can activate a transcriptional program that includes SOX2, C-MYC, and KLF4 and endows cells with CSC features. We further showed that chemical induction of gastric CSCs using ciclopirox (CPX) can be mediated by HMGA1. Finally, we showed that HMGA1 GFP+ cells were sensitive to monensin confirming the selective activity of this drug over CSCs. Thus, HMGA1 is a key player in the cellular reprogramming of gastric non-CSCs to cancer stem-like cells.

Aortitis and Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Infectious aortitis is a rare entity with high mortality and should be considered in the presence of persistent bacteremia, especially in the absence of endocarditis. We present the clinical case of a woman who developed aortitis due to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, complicated with mycotic aneurysm and recurrent bacteremia, even under appropriate treatment. Given the concomitant probable diagnosis of malignant pancreatic neoplasia, the hypothesis of a possible relationship or contribution to bacteremia is raised.

Postbariatric Abdominoplasty: A Comparative Study on Scarpa Fascia Preservation Versus Classical Technique.

BACKGROUND: Abdominoplasties performed with Scarpa Fascia preservation, improve recovery and reduce complications, particularly seroma. Bariatric patients who experience massive weight loss frequently seek body contouring procedures and represent a high-risk group. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of abdominoplasty with Scarpa Fascia preservation versus the classical technique in a bariatric population. METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed between March 2015 and March 2021 in 65 postbariatric patients who underwent a classic full abdominoplasty (group A, N = 25) or a similar procedure except for the preservation of Scarpa fascia (group B, N = 40). Total and daily drain output, time until drain removal, long drainers (≥ 6 days), length of hospital stay, emergency department visit, readmission to the hospital, reoperation, local and systemic complications were the outcomes evaluated. RESULTS: Group B had a 3-day reduction in time until drain removal (p < 0.001), a 62.6% reduction of total drain output (p < 0.001) and a 3-day reduction in the length of the hospital stay (p < 0.001). Long drainers (≥ 6 days) were highly reduced (from 56.0% in group A to 7.5% in group B) (p < 0.001). There was a lower incidence of liquid collections in group B, with a 66.7% reduction in seroma incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominoplasty with Scarpa Fascia preservation improves recovery by reducing drain output, allowing earlier drain removal and reducing long periods with suction drains. It also reduces hospital stay and seroma incidence. This technique modifies the high-risk postbariatric patient in such a major way that he behaves like a nonbariatric. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

A Case of Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus.

We report a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) triggered by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. A 60-year-old male with chronic sinusitis and tobacco use presented to the emergency department (ED) with an acute onset of dyspnea, non-productive cough, and fever. A diagnosis of moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection with bacterial superinfection was made. He was discharged on antibiotic therapy. One month later, due to the persistence of symptoms, he returned to the ED. At this time, blood analysis showed eosinophilia and a chest computed tomography scan showed bilateral diffuse infiltrative changes. He was admitted to the hospital for the study of eosinophilic disease. A lung biopsy was performed, which showed eosinophilic pneumonia. Corticotherapy was started with symptoms and peripheral eosinophilia resolution, and imaging improvement.

Trabalho de cuidado, gênero e violências: estudo com técnicos/as de enfermagem / Care work, gender and violences: study with nurse technicians

Resumo Introdução A enfermagem é uma profissão predominantemente feminina que tem como centralidade o cuidado em saúde. A literatura aponta que essa categoria profissional vivencia as situações de violências interpessoais, a violência urbana/social, os sofrimentos face às desigualdades sociais, além das precárias condições de trabalho. Objetivo Analisar as condições de trabalho e as violências vividas por profissionais de nível médio-técnicos/as em enfermagem na área hospitalar que realizam o trabalho de cuidado. Método Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa que utilizou o referencial dos estudos do care, que considera a divisão sexual do trabalho. Foram entrevistados dois homens e sete mulheres de um hospital público da região Sudeste do Brasil. Foi utilizado um roteiro semiestruturado para a coleta dos depoimentos orais com subsídios da história oral. Resultados Havia quatro trabalhadores/as terceirizados/as e cinco servidores/as públicos/as. Em relação às condições de trabalho, foram identificados: terceirização do trabalho na área pública; diminuição do número de trabalhadores/as para o cuidado em saúde; casos de acidentes de trabalho (doenças e acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes), sofrimento e emoções dos/as profissionais diante das condições de vida da população atendida; violências urbana e social que influenciam a saúde e a subjetividade dos/as profissionais; vivências de conflitos, ameaças e agressões entre a equipe e as pessoas atendidas pelas profissionais. Conclusão É preciso aprofundamento teórico e metodológico para compreender as condições de trabalho, as violências e as emoções nas especificidades de uma profissão predominantemente feminina.

Abstract Background Nursing is a predominantly female profession that focuses on health care. The literature reports that this professional category experiences situations of interpersonal violence, urban/social violence, suffering in the face of social inequalities, in addition to precarious working conditions. Objetive To analyse the working conditions and the violence experienced by the medium level technician´s professional in nursering concerning the hospitalar area that do the care work. Method Research with qualitative approach, that utilized references of the care studies that consider the Sexual Division of Labour (SDL). Seven women and two men of the public hospital in the south region in Brazil were interviewed. A semi-structured itinerary was used for the oral testimony collections with subsidies of the oral history. Results Four workers were outsourced by the public service and five were public officer. In relation to the working conditions, it could be identified: outsourcing in the public service; decrease of the number of workers for health care; accidents at work (diseases and accidents with cutting materials); suffering and the emotions of the professionals in face of the living conditions of the population served by this public service; the urban and social violence that influences the health and the subjectivity of the professionals; and the violence and the relationships with the people served by them (conflicts, threats and aggressions). Conclusion It is necessary to intensify the theoretical and methodological characteristics in order to understand the working conditions, the violence and the emotions in the specificities of a predominantly female profession.

CD73 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid: a systematic evaluation revealing CD73 overexpression as a feature of papillary carcinomas.

CD73 converts AMP to adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite that promotes tumorigenesis. This study presents a systematic evaluation of CD73 expression in benign, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid. CD73 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 142 thyroid samples. CD73 was expressed in normal thyroid (3/6) and goiter (5/6), with an apical pattern and mild intensity. Apical and mild CD73 expression was also present in oncocytic cell adenomas/carcinomas (9/10; 5/8) and in follicular adenomas/carcinomas (12/18; 23/27). In contrast, papillary thyroid carcinomas featured extensive and intense CD73 staining (49/50) (vs. normal thyroid/goiter, p < 0.001). Seven of nine anaplastic carcinomas were CD73-positive with heterogeneous extensiveness of staining. Medullary and poorly differentiated carcinomas were mostly CD73-negative (1/6; 2/2). These results were corroborated by NT5E mRNA profiling. Papillary carcinomas feature enhanced CD73 protein and mRNA expression with distinct and intense staining, more pronounced in the invasive fronts of the tumors.

Respiratory health and silicosis in artisanal mine workers in southern Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) are an important source of employment in southern Brazil. Mining workers are frequently exposed to unhealthy work conditions which increase the risk of occupational diseases. In this study, we assessed the association of sociodemographic factors and the occupational history of artisanal mining workers with the risk of adverse respiratory outcomes. METHODS: The study was conducted with 258 artisanal mining workers in southern Brazil, who were exposed to dust (mainly crystalline silica) in their work. Information on sociodemographic variables and occupational histories was collected between 2017 and 2018. To estimate the worker's exposure to inhalable dust we use the Advanced REACH (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals) Tool (ART). RESULTS: Study participants were all men, with an average age of 40 years. Median crude dust exposure estimated by ART was 13.2 mg/m³ and median crude crystalline silica exposure was 1.6 mg/m3 . The prevalence ratio (PR) for self-reported silicosis was 3.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.39-7.17) in workers with 20 years or more of mining work. Factors associated with silicosis were age, pack-years of tobacco use, and body mass index. Smokers were over twice as likely to report respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that a high prevalence of silicosis and other associated diseases in mining workers is associated with both unhealthy work environment conditions and the health profile of workers. This study is an important step for understanding health outcomes from work in ASM.

Weight loss-what's the most effective diet type?: a scoping review / Pérdida de peso-¿cuál es el tipo de dieta más eficaz?: una revisión sistemática exploratoria

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which type of diet is most effective for weight loss. METHODS: Relevant studies for this type of review were identified from March to May 2018 by several sources, in the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BVS Portal, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. For gray literature, Open Green and Base search and hand search repositories, which is a free search for materials that address the subject were searched. RESULTS: The selected publications totaled 537, of which 104 were from the electronic databases and 433 records identified through other databases. After the removal of duplicates, 113 titles and abstracts and 37 complete texts were selected, after reading the articles in full, 14 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. Out of the 14 articles analyzed, relevant results were presented for a diet rich in fruits and vegetables; oleaginous, especially nuts; a Mediterranean diet was noted in three studies; dietary guidelines based on guides was mentioned in two studies and a high-protein diet was cited four times. CONCLUSION: The most effective diet for weight loss was the high fiber diet, although it contributes with small percentage value.

OBJETIVO: evaluar qué tipo de dieta es la más efectiva para perder peso. MÉTODOS: los estudios relevantes para este tipo de revisión fueron identificados de marzo a mayo de 2018 por varias fuentes, en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BVS Portal, EMBASE y Cochrane Library en la literatura gris Open Creen y Base de búsqueda y repositorios de búsqueda manual, que es una búsqueda gratuita de materiales que tratan el tema. RESULTADOS: Las publicaciones seleccionadas totalizaron 537, de las cuales 104 eran de las bases de datos electrónicas y 433 registros identificados a través de otras bases de datos. Después de la eliminación de los artículos duplicados, se seleccionaron 113 títulos y resúmenes y 37 textos completos; después de leer los artículos completos, se seleccionaron 14 artículos para su inclusión en esta revisión. De los 14 artículos analizados se presentaron resultados relevantes para una dieta rica en frutas y verduras; oleaginoso, especialmente los frutos secos; Dieta mediterránea en tres estudios; Pautas dietéticas basadas en guías dietéticas, presentes en dos estudios y dieta hiperproteica, citadas cuatro veces. CONCLUSIÓN: la dieta más efectiva para perder peso es la dieta alta en fibra, aunque contribuye con un pequeño valor porcentual.

Reabilitação profissional e retorno ao trabalho: uma revisão integrativa / Vocational rehabilitation and return to work: integrative review

Analisando-se as tendências globais de crescimento populacional e o envelhecimento da população, que implica no aparecimento de doenças crônicas, além das doenças e acidentes em geral (relacionados ou não ao trabalho), observa-se crescente necessidade de implementação dos serviços de reabilitação no mundo. A reabilitação envolve três aspectos: reabilitação médica, profissional e social. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e apresentar a produção de conhecimento dos processos de reabilitação profissional em diversos países, bem como identificar estratégias para a reintegração ao trabalho de pessoas com restrições decorrentes de doenças ou acidentes em geral, por meio da reabilitação profissional durante os últimos 30 anos. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa em portais de pesquisa em saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Medicina (BVS-BIREME), PubMed ­, bases de dados ­ Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ­ e banco de dados (SCOPUS). No total, 1.109 publicações foram identificadas. Após avaliação metodológica, 12 foram consideradas elegíveis e incluídas. Os estudos avaliaram novas abordagens e a implementação de programas existentes, novos projetos/programas e medidas educacionais para trabalhadores em licença médica. A maioria considerou a multidisciplinaridade, a abordagem educacional complementar, a intervenção precoce e a possibilidade de ajustes no ambiente de trabalho. As publicações sobre novos projetos foram relacionadas a programas de retenção no emprego e retorno ao trabalho para trabalhadores desempregados e temporários. Há um pequeno número de estudos descrevendo programas de reabilitação ocupacional e dificuldades em avaliar sua eficácia. A produção científica ainda é discreta quando comparada à necessidade relacionada a esse tema na atualidade.

Analysis of population growth trends and aging­which is associated with occurrence of chronic diseases, in addition to (work-related or not) diseases and accidents in general­points to an increasing need to implement rehabilitation services worldwide. Rehabilitation comprises three aspects: medical, vocational and social. The aim of the present study was to describe the state of the art in vocational rehabilitation approaches in several countries, as well as vocational rehabilitation-based return-to-work strategies for individuals with restrictions due to diseases and accidents in general developed in the past 30 years. We performed an integrative review of studies located in databases Virtual Health Library-Regional Library of Medicine (VHL-BIREME), PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and SCOPUS. A total of 1,109 studies were initially retrieved, of which 12 were considered eligible on methodological assessment and included for review. The selected studies analyzed new approaches and the implementation of existing programs, new programs/projects, and educational measures for workers on sick leave. Most programs had multidisciplinary nature and included complementary educational approaches, early intervention, and possibility of workplace adjustments. The studies on new projects consisted in job retention and return-to-work programs for unemployed or temporary workers. The number of studies which describe occupational rehabilitation programs is small and evaluating their efficacy is difficult. Scientific research on this subject is still scarce vis-à-vis the current demands.

Correction to: CD73 expression in normal and pathological human hepatobiliopancreatic tissues.

The following information must be added to the published article.

CD73 expression in normal and pathological human hepatobiliopancreatic tissues.

BACKGROUND: The tumor-expressed CD73 ectonucleotidase generates immune tolerance and promotes invasiveness via adenosine production from degradation of AMP. While anti-CD73 blockade treatment is a promising tool in cancer immunotherapy, a characterization of CD73 expression in human hepatobiliopancreatic system is lacking. PATIENTS AND METHODS: CD73 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions of the liver, pancreas, and biliary tract. RESULTS: CD73 was expressed in normal hepatobiliopancreatic tissues with subcellular-specific patterns of staining: canalicular in hepatocytes, and apical in cholangiocytes and pancreatic ducts. CD73 was present in all hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in all pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and in the majority of intra and extrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinomas, whereas it was detected only in a subset of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and almost absent in acinar cell carcinoma. In addition to the canonical pattern of staining, an aberrant membranous and/or cytoplasmic expression was observed in invasive lesions, especially in HCC and PDAC. These two entities were also characterized by a higher extent and intensity of staining as compared to other hepatobiliopancreatic neoplasms. In PDAC, aberrant CD73 expression was inversely correlated with differentiation (p < 0.01) and was helpful to identify isolated discohesive tumor cells. In addition, increased CD73 expression was associated with reduced overall survival (HR 1.013) and loss of E-Cadherin. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent CD73 expression supports the rationale for testing anti-CD73 therapies in patients with hepatobiliopancreatic malignancies. Specific patterns of expression could also be of help in the routine diagnostic workup.

CD73 expression and clinical significance in human metastatic melanoma.

BACKGROUND: CD73 is an ectoenzyme involved in the production of adenosine. It exerts immunosuppressive and protumoral roles and has emerged as a potential immuno-oncology target. RESULTS: CD73 expression was detected in TC in 54% of melanoma metastases, involving < 50% TC in the majority of the cases, with variable intensity. CD73 expression was significantly associated with a lower Breslow's depth of the primary lesion and was more frequent in patients having received prior non-surgical therapies. In an adjusted analysis, CD73 expression in TC (H-score > 37.5 or intensity > 1) significantly correlated to decreased overall survival (OS) from biopsy. Of the samples containing TIMC, 35% presented CD73+ TIMC. Highly infiltrated tumors were more likely to contain CD73+ TIMC. CD73 expression in TIMC (percentage ≥1%) significantly correlated with improved OS from biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemistry detected CD73 expression in more than half of metastatic melanomas. While CD73 expression in TC significantly correlated with decreased OS, CD73 expression in TIMC significantly associated with improved OS. These results encourage the study of anti-CD73 therapies for metastatic melanoma patients. METHODS: CD73 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in metastatic melanomas from 114 patients. Immunostainings were evaluated in tumor cells (TC) (percentage, intensity (1-3) and H-score) and in tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells (TIMC) (percentage).

Contaminantes em alimentos e orientação nutricional: reflexão teórica / Contaminants in food and nutritional guidance: theoretical reflection / Contaminantes en alimentos y orientación nutricional: reflexión teórica

RESUMO Estudo de reflexão sobre as orientações nutricionais que são realizadas a população e que, na maior parte do mundo, enfatiza o consumo de frutas, verduras e legumes em maior quantidade em relação a alimentos industrializados, que por conterem maior quantidade de açúcar, sódio, e calorias aumentam o ganho de peso. No entanto, quando se lê a respeito das formas de cultivo dos alimentos in natura e sobre a qualidade dos alimentos cárneos e pescados, que são orientados para o consumo da população, surge à dúvida se há coerência entre a orientação e o consumo, uma vez que há relatos da contaminação desses alimentos por resíduos de agrotóxicos, contaminação do solo, da água e que não tem tido o devido destaque pelos órgãos estatais. Qual deveria ser a conduta perante a realidade que se apresenta? Uma perspectiva viável é a conscientização da população, que deve exigir melhores condições dos alimentos consumidos, além de resgatar práticas mais saudáveis como o cultivo de hortas orgânicas caseiras e adquirir o mínimo possível, alimentos industrializados. Longe de polemizar, esta reflexão visa incentivar uma visão crítica aos profissionais de saúde sobre seu papel na prevenção de doenças, e exigir alimentos mais saudáveis para o consumo humano.(AU)

ABSTRACT Reflection study on the nutritional guidelines given to the population, which, in most parts of the world, emphasize on the consumption of fruits, vegetables and legumes over industrialized foods, which contain more sugar, sodium and calories, and increase body weight. However, when one reads about the ways of cultivating fresh food and about the quality of meat and fish products destined for consumption, the question arises as to whether there is coherence between said guidance and consumption, given that there are reports of contamination of these foods by pesticide residues, as well as soil and water contamination, a topic scarcely addressed by state entities. What should be done to face this reality? A viable perspective is to raise awareness in the population, which should demand better quality foods, in addition to returning to healthier practices such as the cultivation of home-grown organic gardens and acquiring as few industrialized foods as possible. Far from causing controversy, this reflection aims to encourage a critical view in health professionals on their role in disease prevention and the demand for healthier foods for human consumption.(AU)

RESUMEN Estudio de reflexión sobre las orientaciones nutricionales que se dan a la población y que, en la mayor parte del mundo, enfatizan el consumo de frutas, verduras y legumbres antes que los alimentos industrializados, que por contener mayor cantidad de azúcar, sodio y calorías, aumentan peso corporal. Sin embargo, cuando se lee acerca de las formas de cultivo de los alimentos frescos y sobre la calidad de los alimentos cárnicos y pescados, destinados al consumo de la población, surge la duda de si hay coherencia entre la orientación y el consumo, dado que hay relatos de contaminación de esos alimentos por residuos de pesticidas, contaminación del suelo, del agua, poco atendido por los órganos estatales. ¿Cuál debería ser la conducta ante la realidad que se presenta? Una perspectiva viable es la concientización de la población, que debe exigir mejores condiciones de los alimentos consumidos, además de rescatar prácticas más saludables como el cultivo de huertos orgánicos caseros y adquirir el mínimo posible, de alimentos industrializados. Lejos de polemizar, esta reflexión pretende incentivar una visión crítica a de los profesionales de la salud sobre su papel en la prevención de enfermedades, y exigir alimentos más saludables para el consumo humano.(AU)

Current advances in targeted therapies for metastatic gastric cancer: improving patient care.

In this article, we review the literature on the current advances in targeted therapies for metastatic gastric cancer aimed at improving patient care. We conclude that the key to guiding targeted therapy is individual biomarkers, which are not completely elucidated. HER2 overexpression is the only predictive biomarker currently in use. Furthermore, it is necessary to understand that gastric tumors are heterogeneous; therefore, is impossible to evaluate a novel biological compound without evaluating personal biomarkers. The selection of patients who are able to receive each treatment is paramount for improving advanced gastric cancer survival and reducing unnecessary costs.

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer: novel agents, biomarkers and paradigms.

Despite recent advances, prognosis of patients with advanced lung cancer remains dismal. Owing to a better understanding of the interactions between immune system and tumor cells, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. After the recent approval of nivolumab and the promising results with other immune checkpoint inhibitors, combination strategies are now subject of intensive research. Notwithstanding these successes, immunotherapy still holds significant drawbacks. As the target shifts from tumor cells to the tumor microenvironment, treatment paradigms are changing and several improvements are needed for optimal use in clinical practice. Robust biomarkers for patient selection and a reliable way of evaluating treatment response are high priorities. Herein we review current data on immune checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer treatment.

Targeting HER family in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: potential biomarkers and novel targeted therapies.

HER2-targeted therapies have radically changed the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer over the last few years. However, resistance to these therapies has been a constant, leading to treatment-failure and new tumor progression. Recently, the kinase-impaired HER3 emerged as a pivotal player in oncogenic signaling, with an important role in both non-treated progression and treatment response. HER2/HER3 dimerization is required for full signaling potential and constitutes the key oncogenic unit. Also, when inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway (as with anti-HER2 drugs) feedback mechanisms lead to a rebound in HER3 activity, which is one of the main roads to resistance. As current strategies to treat HER2-positive breast cancer are unable to inhibit this feedback response, two great promises emerged: the combination of targeted-therapies and drugs targeting HER3. In this article HER2 and HER3-targeted drugs and possible combinations between them, as well as the biomarkers to predict and monitor these drugs effect, are reviewed.

Das flores aos espinhos: o serviço público de parques e jardins terceirizado e precarizado / De la flores a llas espinas: el servicio publico de parques y jardines terceirizado y precarizado / Fromflowers to tthors: the precarious and outsourced public servicee of parks and gardens

A terceirização foi uma das formas de enxugamento dos serviços públicos. Estudamos o Departamento de Parques e Jardins de uma Prefeitura do Estado de São Paulo a partir de percepções da substituição da mão de obra efetiva por terceirizados. Objetivou-se analisar o departamento a fim de conhecer sua estrutura, organização, os trabalhadores e os possíveis impactos da terceirização. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com entrevistas semiestruturadas considerando as trajetórias de vida, histórias ocupacionais dos trabalhadores e observações nos locais de trabalho. Observamos três distintas categorias de trabalhadores; os efetivos, os terceirizados e os reeducandos, abrigando no interior da categoria ?efetivos? ao menos duas ?classes?, uma valorizada e outra pouco valorizada. As histórias de vida dos efetivos indicaram possibilidades da construção de algum patrimônio e filhos com acesso aos estudos, devidos ao emprego público. Terceirizados e reeducandos realizavam tarefas menos qualificadas, com jornadas mais longas e salários bem mais baixos. Concluimos que a terceirização é uma forma de precarização do trabalho, levando a uma precarização de suas vidas; o serviço público estável atuou como uma forma de inclusão e de cidadania.

Outsourcing was one way of downsizing public services. We study the department of Parks and Gardens of a municipality of São Paulo state from the perceptions of replacing effective workers by outsourced workers. The objective of this article was to analyze this department to know its structure, organization, employees and the possible impacts of outsourcing. This is a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews considering workers life trajectories and occupational stories, as well as observations in the workplace. We observed three distinct categories of workers: effective, outsourced and reeducation, considering two classes in the effective category: one of prized workers and one of undervalued workers. The effectives life stories indicates possibilities of building some equity and children with access to education, due to public jobs. Outsourced and reeducation workers had less qualified tasks, with longer working hours and minor remuneration. We conclude that outsourcing is a form of precarious work, leading to the precarization of their lives; stable public service served as a form of inclusion and citizenship.

La tercerización fue una de las formas de reducción de personal de los servicios públicos. Estudiamos el Departamento de Parques y Jardines de la Municipalidad, en la ciudad de São Paulo, a partir de percepciones de la sustitución de mano de obra efectiva por tercerizados. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el departamento con el fin de conocer su estructura, organización, trabajadores y los posibles impactos de la tercerización. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, con entrevistas semiestruturadas teniendo en cuenta las experiencias de vida, historias profesionales de los trabajadores y observaciones en los lugares de trabajo. Se observaron a tres categorías diferentes de trabajadores: los efectivos, los tercerizados y los reeducandos, y incluimos dentro de la categoría efectivos por lo menos dos clases, una valorada y otra poco valorada. Las historias de vida de los efectivos indicaron posibilidades de construcción de un cierto patrimonio y el acceso de los hijos a los estudios, debido al empleo público. Reeducandos y tercerizados realizaban tareas menos cualificadas, con jornadas más largas y salarios más bajos. Se concluyó que la tercerización es una forma de trabajo precario, que lleva a la precarización de sus vidas, y el servicio público estable actuó como una forma de inclusión y ciudadanía.