A Prospective Assessment of Adverse Events in 3 Digestive Surgery Departments From Central Tunisia.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to prospectively assess the incidence, the preventability, and the factors contributing to adverse events (AEs) in surgical departments of Tunisian hospitals. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study evaluated the incidence of AEs in surgical departments of three university hospitals in central Tunisia. The study followed 1687 admitted patients until their discharge from the hospitals based on a standard two-stage method that first included staff interviews and review of medical records based on 18 criteria and later was followed by an expert review to confirm or reject the presence of an AE. RESULTS: The overall incidence of AEs was 18.1% (95% confidence interval = 16.26-19.94), with an incidence density of 21.6 events per 1000 patient-days. The most frequent AEs were those related to operative procedures (34.9%) and to hospital-acquired infections (30.3%).The multivariate analysis shows that the proportion of AEs increased significantly with intrinsic risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 2.51, P < 0.001), extrinsic risk factors (OR = 1.38, P = 0.02), length of stay of greater than 7 days (OR = 2.27, P < 0.001), and unplanned admissions (OR = 2.59, P < 0.01). Overall, the major consequences of suffering an AE were that 90% had a prolonged hospital stay, 6% had a permanent disability, and 4% encountered death. More than 60% of the identified AEs were considered to be preventable. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical AEs have a significant impact on patient outcomes in terms of length of stay, disability, and mortality, and a considerable proportion of them are preventable. Prospective studies provide better insight regarding AEs under circumstances where hospital records are not optimal. Patient safety programs led by qualified health professionals can reduce patient harm in surgical departments of hospitals in most situations.

Identification landmark for right anterior portal pedicle: "the zone of 2 cm".

PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: Cystic plate is easily visible while right anterior portal pedicle (RAPP) is a difficult to identify due to its intrahepatic location. This study aims to determine the relation between these two structures so as to facilitate rapid identification of RAPP during the operation. METHODS: Thirty-seven cadaveric liver dissections were carried in the Forensic Department at the Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunisia. RESULTS: The cystic plate was thin (≤1 mm), medium (1-3 mm), and thick (≥3 mm) in 14 (37.8%), 17 (46%), and 6 cases (16.2%), respectively. RAPP was found to be originating from right, main, and left portal trunk in 29 (78.3%), 6 (16.3%), and 2 (5.4%) livers, respectively. The origin of RAPP was extrahepatic in nine cases (24.3%). RAPP was located underneath the cystic plate in 21 livers (56.8%). Thirteen RAPPs (35.1%) were located to its right at the mean distance of 1.4 cm (range 0.4-2.5). Three RAPPs were present to the left of cystic plate (8.1%) at the mean distance of 0.9 cm (range 0.7-1.3). CONCLUSION: Rapid identification of RAPP is possible by knowing its anatomic variations and its relation with cystic plate.

Anatomy of the ligamentum venosum arantii and its contribution to the left hepatic vein and common trunk control. A study on cadaveric livers.

BACKGROUND: The control of the left hepatic vein (LHV) and the common trunk of the middle hepatic vein (MHV) and LHV (CT) is considered difficult during liver resection and could be improved by detailed knowledge on the ligamentum venosum Arantii (LV). AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the LV and its connections to the LHV and the CT and to present surgical relevance of the obtained data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During autopsy of 50 cadavers of both sexes, the LV was exposed, measured and then dissected, simulating a surgical maneuver to facilitate the approach to the LHV and CT. The extrahepatic parts of the LHV, MHV and CT were measured. RESULTS: The LV was 52-70 mm long and 5-8 mm thick. It had a fibrotic structure and was not patent in 96% of the cases. The extrahepatic part of the LHV measured 3-19 mm, that of the MHV 3-18 mm and that of the CT 4-15 mm. CONCLUSION: LV dissection facilitated extraparenchymatous clamping of the hepatic veins: the extrahepatic parts of the LHV and CT measured > 3 mm in 86 and 84% of the cases, respectively.

Anatomy and surgical relevance of the hepatocaval ligament. A study on cadaveric livers.

BACKGROUND: There are nearly no data on the hepatocaval ligament (HCL) in the anatomical literature, though it is of high importance during surgery of the right hemiliver. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the HCL, its description and its relations to the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the right hepatic vein (RHV) as well as the evaluation of the surgical relevance of the data obtained. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The dissection of the livers of 43 cadavers of both sexes was performed and the presence of the HCL was established. The ligament was measured and dissected to expose the IVC and the extrahepatic part of the RHV from its inflow to the liver parenchyma. RESULTS: The ligament was present in 77% of the cases. It was 12-35 mm long and 3-18 mm wide. The extrahepatic part of the RHV was 2-12 mm long. CONCLUSION: Dissection of the HCL revealed the terminal extrahepatic part of the RHV in all cases. Anatomically, resection of the right hemiliver with elective vascular control would be possible in 85% of the cases in which the length of the extrahepatic part of the RHV was > or =3 mm.