RESUMO
Recently, avian viral diseases have become one of the main models to study mechanisms of viral infections and pathogenesis. The study of regulatory relationships and mechanisms between viruses and microRNAs has also become the focus. In this review, we briefly summarize the general situations of microRNAs encoded by avian herpesviruses. Also, we analyze the regulatory relationships between tumorigenicity of avian herpesviruses and microRNAs. Additionally, the possible applications for prevention and treatment of viral diseases (such as infectious bursal disease, avian influenza and avian leucosis) using the regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs are also discussed.
Assuntos
Aves/virologia , Herpesviridae/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Animais , Leucose Aviária , Infecções por Birnaviridae , Influenza AviáriaRESUMO
Akirin2 is an important nuclear factor which plays functions in innate immune response, myogenesis, muscle development, and carcinogenesis. In this study, akirin2 genes were cloned from 4-day-old Sanhuang and AA(+) broiler, and its expression patterns were analyzed by RT-PCR. The results showed that there were four SNPs in the 5'-terminal region of akirin2 coding sequences. Expression profile analysis showed that the akirin2 transcripts were constitutively expressed in 15 tissues tested, and similar expression patterns were found between the two breeds of broilers. In addition, one of the interesting findings was that the akirin2 gene is highly expressed in blood and lowly expressed in heart, respectively. These data can serve as a foundation for further studying functions of akirin2 gene.
Assuntos
Proteínas Aviárias , Galinhas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteínas Repressoras , Animais , Proteínas Aviárias/biossíntese , Proteínas Aviárias/genética , Galinhas/genética , Galinhas/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular , Proteínas Repressoras/biossíntese , Proteínas Repressoras/genéticaRESUMO
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs which are short (17-25nt) and highly conservative in evolution. They can regulate gene expression by preventing target mRNA translation or inducing degradation via oligonucleotides complementary to target mRNA. Here, we briefly summarize the functions and regulatory mechanisms of microRNA-181 (miR-181) in cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation, and discuss the miR-181-mediated regulation of immune response in lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation, autoimmunity, inflammation and virus infection. Also, we analyze the functions of miR-181 in tumorigenesis, tumor development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Finally, we discuss the application prospects of miR-181. The functional studies of miR-181 family members have important significance in understanding the mechanisms of biological events, pathogenesis of diseases, and finding new ways to diagnose and treat related diseases.