RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2 (STAXI-2) is a psychometric instrument measuring anger experience and expression. Associations between the STAXI-2 and risk of breast cancer (BC) are rarely considered together in a prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 117 women with breast symptoms referred for breast examination were selected and assessed before any diagnostic procedures. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients with BC, 44 with benign breast disease (BBD) and 49 healthy individuals (HHS) were included. Scores for parameters state anger/feel like expressing anger physically (SANGP) were significantly higher in the HHS group (HHS vs. BBD: p=0.027; HHS vs. BC: p=0.025). BC patients showed a trend to lower scores in almost all scales of STAXI-2, except for the scales trait anger/angry temperament (TANGT), anger expression-in (AX-I), and anger control-out (AC-O), that were higher than the two other groups' scores. CONCLUSION: The results of this study do not support a specific link between STAXI-2 and breast cancer risk.
Assuntos
Ira , Doenças Mamárias/etiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/etiologia , Nível de Saúde , Adulto , Biópsia , Doenças Mamárias/epidemiologia , Doenças Mamárias/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Mamografia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The present study aimed to elucidate the differences in depression, anxiety, anger, and quality of life in a sample of non-psychiatric IBS patients, starting from the hypothesis that IBS subtypes may have different symptomatic expressions of negative emotions with different outcomes on quality of life measures. Forty-two constipation-predominant IBS (C-IBS) subjects and 44 diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) subjects, after an examination by a gastroenterologist and a total colonoscopy, underwent a clinical interview and psychometric examination for the assessment of depression, anxiety, anger and quality of life. IBS subtypes showed different symptomatic profiles in depression, anxiety and anger, with C-IBS patients more psychologically distressed than D-IBS subjects. Affective and emotional symptoms should be considered as specific and integral to the syndrome, and recognizing the differences between IBS subtypes may have relevant implications for treatment options and clinical outcome.