In vivo confocal laser endomicroscopy during laparoscopy for gynecological surgery: A promising tool.

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the technical feasibility of optical biopsy (probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy [pCLE]) during laparoscopy and by the vaginal route in the exploration of pelvic gynecological cancers. METHODS: Prospective study including 31 patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy (benign or malignant indication). Confocal microlaparoscopy (analysis of tubes, ovaries, and depending on the type de cancer, pelvic adenopathies) and optical biopsy of the endometrium were first carried out by the vaginal route under general anesthesia. The surgical procedure was then carried out. RESULTS: Thirty-one consecutive patients were included (16 for benign hysterectomy, 12 for endometrial cancer and 3 for ovarian carcinoma). pCLE offered dynamic pictures that were correlated with the histopathological images. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: pCLE provides high resolution imaging of cancerous and benign tissues in real-time similar to histopathological results. Both feasibility and safety were confirmed.

[Benign struma ovarii: Report of 7 cases and review of the literature]. / Goitres ovariens bénins : à propos de 7 cas et analyse de la littérature.

OBJECTIVE: Struma ovarii is a monodermal teratoma composed of thyroid tissue, representing 0.85 to 1.3% of ovarian tumors. The objective of the present study is to report a continuous series of struma ovarii, with a comprehensive analysis of the literature. METHODS: A retrospective study in the gynecological surgery department of Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant (Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France) assessed a continuous series of struma ovarii from the Lyon East Pathology Center database. Clinical and biological, imaging and pathological aspects were analyzed and the various forms of treatment described. RESULTS: We identified 7 patients with struma ovarii from March 2008 to April 2015. Mean patient age was 49.7 years (28-70years). Three patients had a history of thyroid disease. CA-125 was elevated (51IU/mL) in only 1 patient. MRI and ultrasound imaging did not enable diagnosis of struma ovarii, which depended on pathologic examination. Conservative surgery for cystectomy or oophorectomy was performed for patients wishing to become pregnant (71%); nonconservative hysterectomy was performed in postmenopausal women (29%). CONCLUSIONS: Struma ovarii is a rare, often asymptomatic condition in which diagnosis is difficult. Few series are described in the literature. Here we propose a management model for struma ovarii. Revision surgery and adjuvant therapy is indicated in case of malignant struma ovarii.

Prenatal diagnosis of cobblestone lissencephaly associated with Walker-Warburg syndrome based on a specific sonographic pattern.

We report a specific sonographic cerebral pattern of cobblestone lissencephaly (CL) that has not been described previously. This pattern was encountered in four index cases and allowed prenatal diagnosis of CL associated with Walker-Warburg syndrome. The pattern included both an outer echogenic band with reduced pericerebral space, corresponding to an infra- and supratentorial extracortical layer of neuroglial overmigration on pathological examination, and a 'Z'-shaped appearance of the brainstem. This pattern was found as early as 14 weeks' gestation in one of our cases.

[Feasibility of opportunistic salpingectomy at the time of vaginal hysterectomy for benign pathology and evaluation of occult tubal lesions prevalence: Preliminary study]. / Faisabilité de la salpingectomie prophylactique lors d'une hystérectomie d'indication bénigne par voie vaginale et évaluation de la prévalence des lésions tubaires occultes : étude préliminaire.

AIM: To assess the feasibility of prophylactic salpingectomy during vaginal hysterectomy for benign pathology and the prevalence of occult tubal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study from 09/01/2013 to 11/01/2014, patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy with salpingectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy were included. The prevalence of bilateral salpingectomy with or without ovariectomy and the prevalence of histopathological and immunohistochemical (p53 expression) abnormalities were evaluated. RESULTS: Bilateral salpingectomy was performed in 51/69 patients (73.9%). An elevated BMI was statistically associated with a failure of the salpingectomy (29.4 vs 25.8; P=0.01). There was only one case of postoperative hemorrhage in the salpingectomy group. On the 51fallopian tubes, there were 4 (12.9%) immunohistochemical abnormalities "p53 signature". CONCLUSION: The recent tubal origin of most ovarian cancer cases raised the question of the prophylactic salpingectomy in the population with genetic risk as well as in the general population. Bilateral salpingectomy may be performed during vaginal hysterectomy. However caution is needed because we do not know what is the exact evolution of the p53 signatures.