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1.
J Exp Med ; 219(10)2022 10 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36129453

RESUMO

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NBD), leucine-rich repeat (LRR) containing protein family (NLRs) are intracellular pattern recognition receptors that mediate innate immunity against infections. The endothelium is the first line of defense against blood-borne pathogens, but it is unclear which NLRs control endothelial cell (EC) intrinsic immunity. Here, we demonstrate that human ECs simultaneously activate NLRP1 and CARD8 inflammasomes in response to DPP8/9 inhibitor Val-boro-Pro (VbP). Enterovirus Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3)-the most common cause of viral myocarditis-predominantly activates CARD8 in ECs in a manner that requires viral 2A and 3C protease cleavage at CARD8 p.G38 and proteasome function. Genetic deletion of CARD8 in ECs and human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (HCMs) attenuates CVB3-induced pyroptosis, inflammation, and viral propagation. Furthermore, using a stratified endothelial-cardiomyocyte co-culture system, we demonstrate that deleting CARD8 in ECs reduces CVB3 infection of the underlying cardiomyocytes. Our study uncovers the unique role of CARD8 inflammasome in endothelium-intrinsic anti-viral immunity.


Assuntos
Sistema Cardiovascular , Inflamassomos , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Sinalização CARD/metabolismo , Sistema Cardiovascular/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Leucina , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Nucleotídeos , Complexo de Endopeptidases do Proteassoma/metabolismo , Proteases Virais
2.
Science ; 377(6603): 328-335, 2022 07 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35857590

RESUMO

Human NLRP1 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 1) is an innate immune sensor predominantly expressed in the skin and airway epithelium. Here, we report that human NLRP1 senses the ultraviolet B (UVB)- and toxin-induced ribotoxic stress response (RSR). Biochemically, RSR leads to the direct hyperphosphorylation of a human-specific disordered linker region of NLRP1 (NLRP1DR) by MAP3K20/ZAKα kinase and its downstream effector, p38. Mutating a single ZAKα phosphorylation site in NLRP1DR abrogates UVB- and ribotoxin-driven pyroptosis in human keratinocytes. Moreover, fusing NLRP1DR to CARD8, which is insensitive to RSR by itself, creates a minimal inflammasome sensor for UVB and ribotoxins. These results provide insight into UVB sensing by human skin keratinocytes, identify several ribotoxins as NLRP1 agonists, and establish inflammasome-driven pyroptosis as an integral component of the RSR.


Assuntos
Inflamassomos , MAP Quinase Quinase Quinases , Proteínas NLR , Piroptose , Ribossomos , Estresse Fisiológico , Anisomicina/toxicidade , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Sinalização CARD/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamassomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Inflamassomos/efeitos da radiação , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/efeitos da radiação , MAP Quinase Quinase Quinases/metabolismo , Mutação , Proteínas NLR/genética , Proteínas NLR/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosforilação/efeitos da radiação , Piroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Piroptose/efeitos da radiação , Ribossomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ribossomos/efeitos da radiação , Raios Ultravioleta
3.
Nat Commun ; 12(1): 2130, 2021 04 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33837217

RESUMO

Mito-SEPs are small open reading frame-encoded peptides that localize to the mitochondria to regulate metabolism. Motivated by an intriguing negative association between mito-SEPs and inflammation, here we screen for mito-SEPs that modify inflammatory outcomes and report a mito-SEP named "Modulator of cytochrome C oxidase during Inflammation" (MOCCI) that is upregulated during inflammation and infection to promote host-protective resolution. MOCCI, a paralog of the NDUFA4 subunit of cytochrome C oxidase (Complex IV), replaces NDUFA4 in Complex IV during inflammation to lower mitochondrial membrane potential and reduce ROS production, leading to cyto-protection and dampened immune response. The MOCCI transcript also generates miR-147b, which targets the NDUFA4 mRNA with similar immune dampening effects as MOCCI, but simultaneously enhances RIG-I/MDA-5-mediated viral immunity. Our work uncovers a dual-component pleiotropic regulation of host inflammation and immunity by MOCCI (C15ORF48) for safeguarding the host during infection and inflammation.


Assuntos
Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Pleiotropia Genética/imunologia , Inflamação/imunologia , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/metabolismo , Técnicas de Inativação de Genes , Humanos , Inflamação/genética , Inflamação/patologia , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/imunologia , MicroRNAs/genética , Mitocôndrias/imunologia , Mitocôndrias/patologia , Cultura Primária de Células , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima/imunologia
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