Tissue-engineered Maxillofacial Skeletal Defect Reconstruction by 3D Printed Beta-tricalcium phosphate Scaffold Tethered with Growth Factors and Fibrin Glue Implanted Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

The study aimed to investigate whether a 3D printed beta-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP) scaffold tethered with growth factors and fibrin glue implanted autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells would provide a 3D platform for bone regeneration resulting in new bone formation with plasticity. Twenty 3D printed ß-TCP scaffolds, ten scaffolds engrained with osteogenic mesenchymal stem cells with fibrin glue (group A), and ten scaffolds used as a control group with ß-TCP scaffold and fibrin glue inoculation only (group B) were included in the study. Cell infiltration, migration, and proliferation of human osteogenic stem cells on the scaffolds were executed under both static and dynamic culture conditions. Each scaffold was examined post culture after repeated changes in the nutrient medium at 2, 4 or 8 weeks and assessed for opacity and formation of any bone-like tissues macroscopic, radiographic, and microscopic evaluation. Significant changes in all the prerequisite parameters compiled with an evaluated difference of significance showing maxillofacial skeletal repair via tissue engineering by ß-TCP scaffold and MSCs remains will be the most promising alternative to autologous bone grafts and numerous modalities involving a variety of stem cells, growth factors from platelet-rich fibrin.

Use of temporalis fascia as an interpositional arthroplasty in temporomandibular joint ankylosis: analysis of 8 cases.

PURPOSE: Different interpositional materials have been used to prevent recurrence after gap arthroplasty in temporomandibular joint ankylosis. In this study, the versatility of the temporalis fascia as an interpositional arthroplasty was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight cases of unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis were evaluated, with a follow-up of 11 months to 6 years. RESULTS: Patients had a preoperative maximal interincisal opening of 1 to 9 mm (mean, 2.75 mm). During the last follow-up observation after surgery, patients had a maximum interincisal opening of 32 to 40 mm (mean, 36.5 mm). Deviation to the affected side was observed in all cases. Paresthesia or anesthesia of the temporal branch of facial nerve was absent in all cases. Periodic panoramic radiographs showed that the intra-articular space was well maintained because of interposed tissue, without signs of relapse. There were no signs of reankylosis in any patient. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that the temporalis fascia is a good alternative for interpositional arthroplasty.

Periodontal and gingival parameters in young adults with acute myeloid leukaemia in Kerala, South India.

PURPOSE: Patients presenting with leukaemic blast crisis with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) may have gingival enlargements that interfere with oral hygiene. Few large cohort studies of gingival lesions have been carried out on AML patients. The aim of the present study was to assess gingival and periodontal pathology at the time of presentation, prior to chemotherapy, in a cohort of adult patients presenting at a cancer hospital in Kerala, a region located in southern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 73 young adult patients (mean age 20.6 ± 2.3) who were diagnosed with AML were examined. These patients did not suffer from any other systemic disorder. The oral hygiene status, gingival overgrowth (GO) and periodontal status were assessed using traditional clinical indices. RESULTS: Around three-quarters of the patients had either fair or poor oral hygiene. A statistically significant association between dental plaque levels and both GO and periodontal index (P < 0.001) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Poor oral hygiene is a risk factor for leukaemic GO and for destructive periodontal disease. Both conditions add to the microbial burden these patients are exposed to. In patients showing high levels of oral hygiene, the GO tends to be mild and does not seem to be problematic, especially with respect to mechanical tooth cleaning.

Single layer closure of palatal fistula using anteriorly based dorsal tongue flap.

Palatal fistulas are the common complications seen after cleft palate repair. Small fistula may be asymptomatic, the large ones produce various symptoms including regurgitation of fluids into nasal cavity and interference with normal speech. Although small fistulas can be successfully treated with local flaps such as palatal or buccal mucosal flaps, large fistulas pose difficulty. Because of rich blood supply, tongue is a suitable and convenient source of large flap. The anterior based dorsal tongue flap is a safe and effective method for closure of relatively large recurrent palatal fistula with out any functional impairment of donor site. This article describes one such case treated by single layer closure using anteriorly based tongue flap with excellent outcome.