Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 9 de 9
Filtrar
Mais filtros











Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(19)2022 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36232910

RESUMO

Type 2 diabetes is a disease that causes numerous complications disrupting the functioning of the entire body. Therefore, new treatments for the disease are being sought. Studies in recent years have shown that forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins may be a promising target for diabetes therapy. FOXO proteins are transcription factors involved in numerous physiological processes and in various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Their roles include regulating the cell cycle, DNA repair, influencing apoptosis, glucose metabolism, autophagy processes and ageing. FOXO1 is an important regulator of pancreatic beta-cell function affecting pancreatic beta cells under conditions of insulin resistance. FOXO1 also protects beta cells from damage resulting from oxidative stress associated with glucose and lipid overload. FOXO has been shown to affect a number of processes involved in the development of diabetes and its complications. FOXO regulates pancreatic ß-cell function during metabolic stress and also plays an important role in regulating wound healing. Therefore, the pharmacological regulation of FOXO proteins is a promising approach to developing treatments for many diseases, including diabetes mellitus. In this review, we describe the role of FOXO proteins in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the role of the modulation of FOXO function in the therapy of this disease.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Células Secretoras de Insulina , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Proteína Forkhead Box O1/genética , Proteína Forkhead Box O1/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Humanos , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Lipídeos
3.
Biology (Basel) ; 11(2)2022 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35205098

RESUMO

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with renal fibrosis, and develops with the participation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In cancer research, the key role of the glycoprotein CD147/EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer) in EMT has been proven. In this study, we evaluate how serum CD147/EMMPRIN affects long-term renal graft function and renal biopsy specimen lesions. In total, 49 renal graft recipients who had a renal biopsy within the last 18 months were retrospectively reviewed. At their most recent appointments, their serum concentrations of CD147/EMMPRIN and renal function were assessed. The occurrence of delayed graft function (DGF), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 1-year post-kidney transplantation (Tx) and the subsequent years of the follow-up period, and renal biopsy specimen lesions, mainly those related to renal fibrosis and tubular atrophy, were also evaluated. Results: CD147/EMMPRIN serum concentration correlated negatively with eGFR at the most recent appointment (ME 69 months) and with eGFR at 1 and 2 years after Tx (p < 0.05, R = -0.69, R = -0.39, and R = -0.40, respectively). CD147/EMMPRIN serum levels correlated positively with urine protein concentrations (p < 0.05, R = 0.73). A positive correlation was further found with the severity of renal biopsy specimen lesions such as interstitial fibrosis (CI), tubular atrophy (CT), double contours of the GBM (CG), mesangial matrix expansion (MM), and arteriolar hyalinosis (AH) (p < 0.05, R = 0.39, R = 0.29, R = 0.41, R = 0.32 and R = 0.40, respectively). Patients with a history of DGF had higher CD147/EMMPRIN serum concentrations (<0.05). Conclusions: CD147/EMMPRIN is linked to poorer long-term renal graft function. Additionally, a high serum concentration of CD147/EMMPRIN affects interstitial fibrosis tubular atrophy (IF/TA) lesions and proteinuria.

4.
J Clin Med ; 10(22)2021 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34830588

RESUMO

The outburst of inflammatory response and hypercoagulability are among the factors contributing to increased mortality in severe COVID-19 cases. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a xanthine-derived drug registered for the treatment of vascular claudication, has been reported to display broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties via adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)-related mechanisms, in parallel to its rheological actions. Prior studies have indicated the efficacy of PTX in the treatment of various pulmonary diseases, including the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome of infectious causes. Therefore, PTX has been proposed to have potential benefits in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms, as well as its complications. The aim of this review is to discuss available knowledge regarding the role of PTX as a complementary therapeutic in SARS-CoV-2.

5.
J Clin Med ; 10(21)2021 Oct 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34768469

RESUMO

There are reports on the effects of excessive recipient body weight on renal graft function. Increased CCL2 (chemokine CC-mortif ligand 2) production is observed in patients with excessive body weight. CCL2 also exacerbates the inflammatory process in the renal graft. A total of 49 renal graft recipients of both sexes having undergone renal biopsy within the last 18 months were retrospectively reviewed. At their most recent appointment the patients' plasma concentrations of CCL2 were evaluated. Renal function was assessed retrospectively. CCL2 concentrations were higher in men than women (p < 0.047), while higher CCL2 levels were associated with a decrease in eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) during the first year post Tx (kidney transplantation). CCL2 negatively correlated with eGFR at 5 years (R = -0.45, p < 0.040997) and positively correlated with the degree of tubular atrophy in renal biopsy specimens (R = 0.43, p < 0.027293) and with systolic pressure. Men showed significantly higher BMI (body mass index) values at the time of Tx and at their last appointment than women did (p < 0.000403; p < 0.000613, respectively). Men showed poorer long-term renal graft function, with significantly lower eGFR values at 4 and 5 years into the post-transplantation period. The male sex and excessive body weight have adverse effects on short- and long-term renal graft function, which is associated with increased levels of CCL2.

6.
Int J Mol Sci ; 21(23)2020 Nov 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33266154

RESUMO

Connexins (Cx) are members of a protein family that forms intercellular channels localised in gap junction (GJ) plaques and single transmembrane channels called hemichannels. They participate in intercellular communication or communication between the intracellular and extracellular environments. Connexins affect cell homeostasis, growth and differentiation by enabling the exchange of metabolites or by interfering with various signalling pathways. Alterations in the functionality and the expression of connexins have been linked to the occurrence of many diseases. Connexins have been already linked to cancers, cardiac and brain disorders, chronic lung and kidney conditions and wound healing processes. Connexins have been shown either to suppress cancer tumour growth or to increase tumorigenicity by promoting cancer cell growth, migration and invasiveness. A better understanding of the complexity of cancer biology related to connexins and intercellular communication could result in the design of novel therapeutic strategies. The modulation of connexin expression may be an effective therapeutic approach in some types of cancers. Therefore, one important challenge is the search for mechanisms and new drugs, selectively modulating the expression of various connexin isoforms. We performed a systematic literature search up to February 2020 in the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE. Our search terms were as follows: connexins, hemichannels, cancer and cancer treatment. This review aims to provide information about the role of connexins and gap junctions in cancer, as well as to discuss possible therapeutic options that are currently being studied.


Assuntos
Conexinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/antagonistas & inibidores , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Terapia Combinada , Conexinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Conexinas/química , Conexinas/genética , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Humanos , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Neoplasias/etiologia , Neoplasias/terapia , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
7.
Int J Mol Sci ; 21(17)2020 Aug 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32854332

RESUMO

Endocan, previously referred to as an endothelial-cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) is a member of a proteoglycan family that is secreted by vascular endothelial cells of different organs, mainly lungs and kidneys. It is assumed to participate in endothelial activation and the triggering of inflammatory reactions, especially in microvasculatures. Thanks to its solubility in human fluids, i.e., urine and blood plasma, its stability and its low concentrations in physiological conditions, endocan has been proposed as an easily available, non-invasive biomarker for identifying and predicting the course of many diseases. Recently, endocan has been studied in relation to kidney diseases. In general, endocan levels have been linked to worse clinical outcomes of renal dysfunction; however, results are conflicting and require further evaluation. In this review, authors summarize available knowledge regarding the role of endocan in pathogenesis and progression of selected kidney diseases.


Assuntos
Nefropatias/diagnóstico , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteoglicanas/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Nefropatias/metabolismo , Nefropatias/fisiopatologia , Testes de Função Hepática
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 20(20)2019 Oct 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31614644

RESUMO

Glomerulonephritis (GN) represents a collection of kidney diseases characterized by inflammation within the renal glomeruli and small blood vessels. The lesions that occur in other nephron structures mainly result from the harmful effects of proteinuria. In recent years, an emphasis has been placed on gaining a better insight into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of GN in order to facilitate diagnoses and provide efficient and targeted treatments of the disease. Owing to the advanced molecular and genetic diagnostic techniques available today, researchers have been able to elucidate that most cases of GN are determined by genetic risk factors and are associated with the abnormal functioning of the immune system (the immunologically mediated forms of GN). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of single-stranded, non-coding molecules, approximately 20 nucleotides in length, that act as regulatory factors in the post-transcriptional processes capable of regulating the expression of multiple genes. In this paper we present the available research aiming to determine effects of miRNAs on the development and progression of GN and discuss the potential role of miRNAs as new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.


Assuntos
Glomerulonefrite/diagnóstico , MicroRNAs/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Glomerulonefrite/tratamento farmacológico , Glomerulonefrite/genética , Humanos
9.
Expert Opin Ther Targets ; 23(9): 773-785, 2019 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31394942

RESUMO

Introduction: The implementation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for therapy has created potential treatments for a wide spectrum of malignancies involving DNA damage repair gene abnormalities. PARPs are a group of enzymes that are responsible for detecting and repairing DNA damage and therefore play a key role in maintaining cell function and integrity. PARP inhibitors are drugs that target DNA repair deficiencies. Inhibiting PARP activity in cancer cells causes cell death. Areas covered: This review summarizes the role of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of cancer. We performed a systematic literature search in February 2019 in the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE. Our search terms were the following: PARP, PARP inhibitors, PARPi, Poly ADP ribose polymerase, cancer treatment. We discuss PARP inhibitors currently being investigated in cancer clinical trials, their safety profiles, clinical resistance, combined therapeutic approaches and future challenges. Expert Opinion: The future could bring novel PARP inhibitors with greater DNA trapping potential, better safety profiles and improved combined therapies involving hormonal, chemo-, radio- or immunotherapies. Progress may afford wider indications for PARP inhibitors in the treatment of cancer and the utilization for cancer prevention in high-risk mutation carriers. Research efforts should focus on identifying novel drugs that target DNA repair deficiencies.


Assuntos
Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/farmacologia , Animais , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Reparo do DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias/patologia , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/efeitos adversos , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/efeitos dos fármacos , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/metabolismo
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA