Overgrowth syndrome in neonates: a rare case series with a review of the literature.

We present here two-term neonates presenting with right lower limb hypertrophy, a port-wine stain, acral abnormalities and clubfeet. These neonates had overlapping features of Klippel Trenaunay syndrome and congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformation, epidermal nevi and scoliosis/skeletal abnormalities. Such overgrowth syndrome has not been previously described in the literature. Both the neonates are doing well and are under regular follow-up.

Staphylococcal native valve endocarditis with iris abscess and intracranial hemorrhage in an adolescent girl.

Native valve infective endocarditis by Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known entity. Metastatic eye abscess and intracranial hemorrhage are rare manifestations of infective endocarditis. We describe an adolescent girl who presented with staphylococcal native valve endocarditis with metastatic iris abscesses and after valve replacement surgery, succumbed to her illness as a result of an intracranial hemorrhage.

Fainting attacks in children.

Fainting attack or syncope in children is a common occurrence, with vasovagal syncope being the commonest cause for majority of pediatric syncope. The aim of emergency room evaluation is not to miss the rare serious underlying disorder causing syncope. A complete detailed history of the event followed by physical examination helps in categorising syncope into the three major categories-neurally mediated, cardiovascular and non cardiovascular syncope. Investigations will remain normal in majority of the cases. A 12-lead ECG and standing test should be done in all the cases which helps in establishing the cause for syncope. Management varies depending upon the cause and majority of them do not require hospital admission.