Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas Without Tuberous Sclerosis: A Case Report on a Rare Medical Condition.

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are benign, slow-growing, noninvasive tumors frequently associated with the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The tumor's location and the patient's age should be considered carefully before diagnosis. Considering SEGA as a differential diagnosis, even in adult patients without TSC, is essential. In the present case, a 22-year-old male presented with a progressive headache, dizziness, and blurring of vision. Radiological investigations confirmed the site of the tumor, and a positive expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in the ganglion cell component, along with the absence of germline mutation in TSC1 and TSC2, led to the final diagnosis of SEGA without TSC.

Pigmented Conjunctival Nevus: A Mystery Solved by Histopathology.

Inflammatory juvenile conjunctival nevi (IJCN) is a rare type of nevus and its clinical presentation overlaps with that of malignant conjunctival melanoma. It is a benign lesion that has been described to progress to melanoma in some cases. IJCN may clinically mimic melanoma due to its rapid growth features and atypical histology. Thus, its accurate diagnosis by histopathology is a prerequisite for proper management. Here, we present a case of conjunctival lesion mimicking melanoma clinically.