Impacts of enhanced recovery after surgery nursing interventions on wound infection and complications following bladder cancer surgery: A meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis was executed to comprehensively examine the impacts of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) care interventions on complications and wound infections following bladder cancer (BCa) surgery. Computer searches were carried out in Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang and CNKI, from their inception to November 2023, for RCTs regarding perioperative ERAS nursing interventions in patients with BCa. Two independent researchers performed literature screening, extracted data and carried out quality evaluations. Stata 17.0 software was utilized for the analysis of the data. Ultimately, 16 RCTs, involving 1190 patients, were included. The analysis showed that, in comparison with conventional nursing methods, perioperative ERAS nursing application in patients with BCa remarkably decreased the occurrence of wound infections (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.16-0.59) and complications (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.13-0.28). Our study indicates that perioperative care based on the ERAS concept remarkably decreased the occurrence of wound infections and complications following BCa surgery, demonstrating notable nursing efficacy and meriting widespread clinical promotion.

VDRA downregulate ß-catenin/Smad3 and DNA damage and repair associated with improved prognosis in ccRCC patients.

The clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) spotlighted the poorest survival, while chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) was associated with the best survival. Earlier studies corroborated vitamin D receptor (VDR) was a promising molecular for improving the prognosis of RCC. In contrast to VDRA, the one of VDR isoforms, VDRB1 (VDR isoform B1) has an N-terminal extension of 50 amino acids and is less ligand-dependent. However, the functional differences between VDRA and VDRB1, and their roles in the prognosis of ccRCC and chRCC, have not been investigated. In the present study, we uncovered that the transcripts related to vitamin D pathway and cellular calcium signaling were effectively decreased in the context of ccRCC, yet failed to exert a comparable effect within chRCC. Specially, minimally levels of VDRA wherein kidneys of patients suffering from ccRCC predict shorter survival time. In addition, the protein expressions for ß-catenin/Smad3 pathway and DNA damage and repair pathways were obviously impeded in VDRA-overexpressed ccRCC cells, yet this inhibitory effect was conspicuously absent in enable VDRB1 cells. Our results provide a new idea to improve the prognosis of ccRCC via VDRA upregulation.

Evaluation of the prognostic nutritional index for the prognosis of Chinese patients with high/extremely high-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) is on the rise in China. The risk level of patients with PCa is associated with disease-free survival rate at 10 years after radical prostatectomy. Predicting prognosis in advance according to the degree of risk can provide a reference for patients, especially treatment options and postoperative adjuvant treatment measures for high-risk/extremely high-risk patients. AIM: To explore the predictive value of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) for biological recurrence in Chinese patients with high/extremely high-risk PCa after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: The biochemical test results and clinical data of 193 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for the first time from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. The PNI value of peripheral blood within 1 wk before surgery was calculated, and during the follow-up period, prostate-specific antigen ≥ 0.2 ng/mL was considered to have biological recurrence. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the optimal critical value and area under the curve (AUC) of the patients. According to the critical value, the progression-free survival of the high PNI group and low PNI group was compared. The independent influencing factors of the patients' prognosis were obtained by the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: The non-biological recurrence rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 92.02%, 84.05%, and 74.85%, respectively. The optimal critical value for PNI to predict biological recurrence was 46.23, and the AUC was 0.789 (95% confidence interval: 0.651-0.860; P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity were 82.93% and 62.30%, respectively. In accordance with the optimal critical value of the ROC curve (46.23), 193 patients were further divided into a high PNI group (PNI ≤ 46.23, n = 108) and low PNI group (PNI > 46.23, n = 85). The incidence of postoperative complications in the high PNI group was lower than that in the low PNI group (21.18% vs 38.96%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate at 5 years in the low PNI group was 87.96% (13/108), which was lower than that in the high PNI group (61.18%, 33/85; P < 0.05). Low PNI [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.74; P = 0.003] and positive incisal margin status (HR = 2.14; P = 0.001) were independent predictors of biological recurrence in patients with high/extremely high-risk PCa. CONCLUSION: The PNI has predictive value for the prognosis of patients with high/extremely high-risk PCa, and is an independent prognostic factor. Patients with low PNI value have a shorter time of non-biological recurrence after prostatectomy. It is expected that the combined prediction of other clinicopathological data will further improve the accuracy and guide postoperative adjuvant therapy to improve the quality of prognosis.

Bioinformatics Analysis of mRNAs and miRNAs for Identifying Potential Biomarkers in Lung Adenosquamous Carcinoma.

Background: Lung adenosquamous carcinoma (LASC) is a special type of lung cancer. LASC is a malignant tumor with strong aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Previous studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in the development of tumors by targeting mRNA. This study is aimed at identifying the key mRNAs and miRNAs of LASC and constructing miRNA-mRNA networks for deeply comprehending the latent molecular mechanisms. Methods: mRNA dataset (GSE51852) and miRNA dataset (GSE51853) were extracted and downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were picked out by the GEO2R web tool. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses were conducted in the DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed and analyzed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape software, respectively. TransmiR v2.0 was applied to predict potential transcription factors of miRNAs. The target genes of DEMs were predicted in the miRWalk database. Results: In comparison to normal tissues, a total of 1458 DEGs (511 upregulated and 947 downregulated) and 13 DEMs (5 upregulated and 8 downregulated) were screened out in LASC tissues. The PPI network of the DEGs displayed five key modules and seventeen hub genes. Six target genes of the DEMs were predicted, and five essential miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs were established. Ensuingly, CENPF, one of the target genes, was also the hub genes of GSE51852, which was obtained from MCODE and cytoHubba and regulated by hsa-miR-205. Conclusions: We constructed the miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs, which are helpful to study the potential regulatory mechanisms and find out promising diagnosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LASC.

Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum infection in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between F. nucleatum levels and the prognosis of CRC, which is still controversial. Methods: Relevant articles were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, PMC and Embase up to April 7, 2020. Outcomes of interest included clinical characteristics, molecular characteristic and survival analysis. HR (OR), odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to explore the prognostic value and relationship of clinical characteristics of Fusobacterium nucleatum in CRC. Results: A total of 3626 CRC patients from 13 eligible studies were included. High levels of F. nucleatum were associated with worse prognosis, as such parameters as overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40 - 1.63, P < 0.0001), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.29-2.26, P = 0.0002), and cancer-specific survival (OR= 1.93, 95% CI: 1.42-2.62, P <0.0001). F. nucleatum levels were related with T3-T4 stage (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.66-2.91, P < 0.00001), M1 stage (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.25-3.56, P = 0.005), poor tumor differentiation (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.11-3.03, P =0.02), microsatellite instability-high (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.53-4.20, P = 0.0003), and KRAS mutation (OR =1.27, 95% CI: 1.00-1.61, P=0.05) showed. Conclusions: High levels of F. nucleatum suggest a poor prognosis and are associated with tumor growth, distant metastasis, poor differentiation, MSI-high, and KRAS mutation in CRC patients.

Identification of Immune-Related Prognostic Biomarkers Associated with HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: As a type of malignant tumor, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) seriously threatens human health. This study is aimed at constructing a new, reliable prognostic model. METHOD: The gene expression profile data of HNSCC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. The immune-related differentially expressed genes (IRDEGs) related to HNSCC were identified. We then used Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis to explore IRDEGs related to the HNSCC prognosis and to construct and validate a risk scoring model and used ESTIMATE to evaluate tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC patients. Finally, we validated IGSF5 expression and function in HNSCC cells. RESULTS: A total of 1,195 IRDEGs were found from the GSE65858 dataset. Thirty-one of the 1,195 IRDEGs were associated with the prognosis of HNSCC. Nine key IRDEGs were further selected using the LASSO method, and a risk scoring model was established for predicting the survival of HNSCC patients. According to the risk scoring model, the prognosis of patients in the high-risk group was worse than that of the low-risk group; the high-risk group had significantly higher immune scores than the low-risk group; and between the high- and low-risk samples, there were significant differences in the proportion of 10 types of cells, including naive cells, plasma cells, and resting CD4+ memory T cells. IGSF5 has low expression in HNSCC, and overexpression of IGSF5 significantly impaired HNSCC cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: This prognostic risk assessment model can help systematically evaluate the survival prognosis of HNSCC patients and provides a new research direction for the improvement of the survival prognosis of HNSCC patients in clinical practice.

Methyl Helicterate Inhibits Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation Through Modulation of Apoptosis and Autophagy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major source of extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore inhibiting HSC activation is considered as an effective strategy to inhibit the process of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of methyl helicterate (MH) isolated from Helicteres angustifolia on the activation of HSCs. METHODS: HSC-T6 cells were treated with various concentration of MH and autophagy was inhibited by 3-Methyl adenine (3-MA) or RNA interference. Cell viability was observed by MTT assay and cell colony assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. Autophagic vacuoles were observed by transmission electron microscopy and monodansyl cadaverine (MDC) staining. Moreover, autophagy-related genes and proteins were detected using real-time PCR and Western blot assays, respectively. RESULTS: MH significantly inhibited HSC activation, as evidenced by the inhibition of cell viability, colony formation and the expression of α-SMA and collagen I. MH caused cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Moreover, MH significantly induced apoptosis through regulating the mitochondria-dependent pathway and the activity of caspases. MH treatment significantly increased lysosomes and autophagosomes, and enhanced the formation of autophagic vacuoles and autophagic flux. Interestingly, inhibiting autophagy by 3-MA or RNA interference abolished the ability of MH in inhibiting HSC activation. On the other hand, induction of autophagy promoted MH-induced HSC apoptosis. Further study showed that MH-induced HSC apoptosis and autophagy was mediated by the JNK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that MH-induced HSC apoptosis and autophagy may be one of the important mechanisms for its anti-fibrosis effect.

MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor via regulating angiopoietin-2 in pancreatic cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is currently one of the leading causes of cancer deaths without any effective therapies. Mir-145 has been found to be tumor-suppressive in various types of cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of miR-145 in pancreatic cancer cells and explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS: Quantitative real time PCR was used to determine the expression level of miR-145 and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) mNRA, and the expression level of Ang-2 protein was measured by western blotting. The anti-cancer activities of miR-145 were tested both in in vitro by using cell invasion and colony formation assay and in vivo by using xenograft assay. The direct action of miR-145 on Ang-2 was predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by luciferase report assay. The vascularization of xenografts were performed by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: The expression level of miR-145 was significantly lower and the expression levels of Ang-2 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in the more aggressive pancreatic cancer cells (MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1) when compared to that in BxPC3 cells. Overexpression of miR-145 in the BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells suppressed the cell invasion and colony formation ability, and the expression level of Ang-2 protein in MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells was also suppressed after pre-miR-145 transfection. Intratumoral delivery of miR-145 inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer xenografts and angiogenesis in vivo, and also suppressed the expression level of angiopoietin-2 protein. Luciferase report assay showed that Ang-2 is a direct target of miR-145, and down-regulation of angiopoietin-2 by treatment with Ang-2 siRNA in the BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells suppressed cell invasion and colony formation ability. The reverse transcription PCR results also showed that Tie1 and Tie2 were expressed in BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells. CONCLUSION: MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer cells by targeting Ang-2 for translation repression and thus suppresses pancreatic cancer cell invasion and growth, which suggests that restoring of miR-145 may be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

[The expression of peripheral Th1 and Th17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease and its potential clinical value].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the probable role of Th1 and Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from peripheral blood specimens were collected in the study, including 40 healthy controls, 42 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 39 Crohn's disease (CD). The proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in the PBMCs was detected with flow cytometry after stimulated by PMA and ionomycin. The result and the clinical data were analyzed. RESULT: The Th1 cell expression was increased in CD (38.32 ± 16.18)% and UC group (34.23 ± 11.60)%, compared with the controls (24.58 ± 10.02)% (P < 0.01). During the convalescence, the Th1 expression in the CD and UC groups in vivo was significantly reduced without difference between the two groups (P > 0.05) . In the IBD group , significant difference in the frequency of Th17 cells could be found between the CD group (2.51 ± 1.59)% and the UC group (4.15 ± 2.75)%, while the Th17 cells were increased in both groups, compared with the controls (1.44 ± 0.73)% (P < 0.05) . Obvious difference in the frequency of Th17 cells could be found between patients at different activity stages and remission stages. The proportion of Th17 cells were higher in the UC patients than that in the CD patients (P < 0.01) . The Th17/Th1 ratio of CD patients, UC patients were 0.08 ± 0.06, 0.14 ± 0.11, which were both higher that in the controls (0.07 ± 0.06). Significant difference could be found between the UC group and the CD group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The higher proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells are detected in the peripheral blood of IBD patients, which is correlated closely to the activity of the disease. Th1 and Th17 cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Neopterin negatively regulates expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 by the LXRα signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.

To investigate the effects of neopterin on ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, and to explore the role of the liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) involved. In the present study, THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with ox-LDL to become foam cells. The protein and mRNA expression were examined by Western blot assays and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. Liquid scintillation counting and high performance liquid chromatography assays were used to test cellular cholesterol efflux and cholesterol content. Neopterin decreased ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, and the LXRα siRNA can reverse the inhibitory effects induced by neopterin. Neoterin has a negative regulation on ABCA1 expression via the LXRα signaling pathway, which suggests the aggravated effects of neopterin on atherosclerosis.

(Aqua-2κO)bis(2,2'-bipyridine-1κ2N,N'){µ-N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N'-(2-oxidophenyl)oxamidato(3-)-1:2κ2O,O':κ4O'',N,N',N''}copper(II)nickel(II) perchlorate.

The title complex, [CuNi(C(13)H(16)N(3)O(3))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)]ClO(4), has a cis-oxamide-bridged heterobinuclear cation, with a Cu···Ni separation of 5.3297 (6) Å, counterbalanced by a disordered perchlorate anion. The Cu(II) and Ni(II) cations are located in square-pyramidal and octahedral coordination environments, respectively. The complex molecules are assembled into a three-dimensional supramolecular structure through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. The influence of the two types of metal cation on the supramolecular structure is discussed.

[M cell in vitro model and its application in oral delivery of macromolecular drugs].

The oral administration of bioactive macromolecular drugs such as proteins, peptides and nucleic acids represents unprecedented challenges from the drug delivery point of view. One key consideration is how to overcome the gastrointestinal tract absorption barrier. Recent studies suggest that microfold cell (M cell), a kind of specialized antigen-sampling epithelial cell which is characterized by a high endocytic rate and low degradation ability, may play an important role in macromolecule oral absorption. The development of an in vitro M cell coculture system and its modified models greatly advanced the study of M cells and the development of oral delivery system for macromolecular drugs. The special structure, function and formation characteristics, and biomarkers of M cell are summarized in this review. The applications of in vitro M cell models in developing oral delivery system ofbioactive macromolecular drugs are discussed.

Studying the interaction of pirarubicin with DNA and determining pirarubicin in human urine samples: combining excitation-emission fluorescence matrices with second-order calibration methods.

In this paper, UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence were combined to study the binding of Calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) with the anthacycline antibiotic drug pirarubicin (THP). Ethidium bromide (EB) as the fluorescence probe was used to study the competitive binding interactions of THP with DNA by excitation-emission fluorescence matrices (EEFMs) coupled with the parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and the alternating normalization-weighted error algorithm (ANWE) with the second-order advantage. All the results conformed that THP mainly bound with DNA by intercalation. Meanwhile, the two second-order calibration methods have been successfully applied to quantify THP in urine samples. Figures of merit were applied to compare the performance of the two methods. The results presented in this work showed that both the PARAFAC and ANWE methods were the convincing way to be applied in the complex biological systems even in the presence of uncalibrated interferences.