[The importance of behavioral risk factors for bronchopulmonary pathology in copper-nickel industry workers].

The effect of harmful behavioral factors on the development of chronic bronchopulmonary diseases (CBPD) was investigated in 1811 copper-nickel industry workers. The study showed that the most pronounced negative impact on respiratory system was caused by smoking. It manifested itself both by a decrease in the number of healthy individuals and by an increased risk for developing chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Excessive alcohol consumption and obesity did not significantly affect the development of CBPD. However, when combined with smoking, they potentiate its negative pneumotropic action. It is concluded that early detection and management of modifiable non-productive risk factors for CBPD is an effective way to improve the respiratory health of this category of workers.

[Skin vessel lesions in aluminum potroom workers].

The features of development of the skin vessels lesions in 550 aluminum production workers have been investigated. The high prevalence of these disorders have been revealed in anode-operators and cell-operators, 49, 3 and 26.0% of workers, respectively. The regularity and staging of the development of this abnormity have been established, etiology, pathogenesis and clinical significance of those remain unknown.

[Bronchopulmonary diseases features in miners of Kolsky Transpolar area].

Miners engaged into open-cast and underground extraction of copper-nickel ores in Kolsky Transpolar area have chronic bronchitis as a main nosologic entity among chronic bronchopulmonary diseases (19.1% of the workers). Considerably lower (4.0% of the workers) occurrence concerns chronic obstructive lung disease and bronchial asthma, both developed before the occupational involvement (1.3% of the workers). Complex of occupational and nonoccupational risk factors is connected mostly with smoking that increases COLD/CB risk 10.7-15.8-fold.

[Bronchopulmonary diseases in workers engaged into aluminium production in Transpolar area of Kolsky peninsula].

Findings are that chronic bronchitis (14.1-18.5% of workers) is leading among bronchopulmonary diseases in workers engaged into electrolysis and auxiliary workshops of aluminium production. Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) and bronchial asthma (BA) occur in 1.6-2.4% of the workers requiring employment. Among other variants of BA, potroom asthma--occupational form of the disease--should be emphasized. Risk of chronic bronchitis and COLD depends on length of exposure to the occupational hazards, and intensity of smoking habit.

[Bronchopulmonary diseases in workers engaged in deep-mined extraction of copper-nickel ore].

Examinations were made in 220 male workers exposed to dust-gas (low-silicon dioxide, nitric oxides, and carbon oxide) mixture, physical exercises, and cooling microclimate on deep-mined output of copper-nickel ore. Twenty-eight per cent of the workers were found to have evolving chronic bronchitis that did not substantially affect the patients' working capacity; 3.2% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 1.4% had asthma that had developed before the onset of professional activity. 32.3% of the examinees were ascertained to have individual clinicofunctional disorders that permit their identification as a bronchopulmonary disease risk group to carry out early preventive and rehabilitative measures.

[Role of smoking in bronchopulmonary disease formation in nickel production workers].

Questionnaire and external respiration studies in 295 workers engaged into nickel production (including 158 smokers and 137 nonsmokers) revealed that smoking (7.92 +/- 0.63 packs/year in average) causes clinical symptoms of broncho-pulmonary diseases, lower functional parameters, increased risk of acute and chronic respiratory diseases preceding to chronic bronchitis.

[Some aspects of occupational hygiene in females engaged into nickel production in Murmansk region]. / Nekotorye aspekty gigieny truda zhenshchin, zaniatykh v proizvodstve nikelia na predpriiatiiakh Murmanskoi oblasti.

The authors present hygienic evaluation of work conditions for women engaged into nickel production, when related to physiologic features of female organism.

[Electromagnetic fields in melting divisions of nickel production]. / Elektromagnitnye polia v plavil'nykh otdeleniiakh proizvodstva nikelia.

The authors evaluated electromagnetic situation in melting divisions, on transformer substation. Studies covered alternating electric and magnetic fields of industrial frequencies and direct magnetic fields in fire mode of nickel production on workplaces during working shifts. Results proved that induction of the magnetic fields varies widely. Magnetic fields influence is accidental and remains additional factor affecting human body.