RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The present proficiency study aimed to elucidate the comparability and reliability of test systems for the determination of AFP concentrations. METHODS: 25 laboratories using 8 different commercial test systems used liquid BIOREF-AFP control serum in their routine internal quality control over a period of one year. For statistical analysis the results were collected centrally. RESULTS: The statistical analysis of the test results revealed considerable variation for the different laboratories. The deviations of the mean values of different laboratories from the overall mean value varied between 0.1 and 26.1%, and for most of the laboratories the deviation was round about 10%. The precision of measured values in the individual laboratories was in most cases acceptable: Nevertheless, the coefficients of variation of the individual laboratories ranged from 13 to 16.1%. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study indicates that AFP results vary between different laboratories albeit an international standard for AFP is available. Therefore, every laboratory should participate in external ring studies and should use a quality control serum independent of the test kit manufacturer for the internal quality control.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/normas , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico/normas , alfa-Fetoproteínas/análise , Adulto , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Neoplasias Embrionárias de Células Germinativas/sangue , Neoplasias Embrionárias de Células Germinativas/diagnóstico , Gravidez , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe our technique of robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy and intra-abdominal formation of an orthotopic neobladder (Hautmann) for treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. METHODS: We describe our surgical technique in the worldwide first attempt to perform a robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy and completely intra-abdominal formation of an orthotopic neobladder. The DaVinci System (Intuitive Surgical, Mountain View, CA, USA) was utilized to perform the procedure. RESULTS: Utilizing the DaVinci System the operation could be performed without any complications. Operating time was 8.5 hours, blood loss was 200 ml. The oncologic as well as the functional result of the reservoir were excellent. DISCUSSION: We here demonstrated that sophisticated laparoscopic procedures like the intra-abdominal formation of an orthotopic neobladder are accomplishable with robotic assistance.