Comparison of treatment efficacy of omega-3 fish oil and montelukast in ovalbumin-protease-induced allergic rhinitis model in rats.

OBJECTIVES: Montelukast is a well-known leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used in treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. Omega-3 fatty acid is also known as an antiallergic and immunomodulator molecule. This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of systemic montelukast and omega-3 fatty acid treatment in allergic rhinitis models in Wistar Hannover rats. METHODS: This research was conducted on 28 healthy Wistar Hannover rats weighing 250-350 g. After establishing the allergic rhinitis model, nasal symptoms were observed and scored, and the nasal mucosa of all rats was investigated histologically. Light microscopy was utilized to evaluate the degree of ciliary loss, goblet cell hyperplasia, vascular congestion, vascular proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, eosinophil infiltration, and hypertrophy in chondrocytes. RESULTS: As a result of the analysis of the data obtained from the study, it was determined that typical allergic rhinitis symptoms such as nasal scratching and sneezing were significantly reduced in the rats in the montelukast and omega-3 treated group, and these symptoms did not increase after repeated intranasal OVA-protease applications. Histological examinations after fish oil treatment did not reveal typical inflammatory changes in allergic rhinitis. None of the rats in the montelukast and omega-3 groups had any increase in goblet cells, whereas 14.3% of the rats in the control group and 28.6% of the rats in the allergic rhinitis group had mild increase. Last but not least, 71.4% of rats in the allergic rhinitis group had a moderate increase. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Regarding the outcomes of this research, it was observed that w-3 fatty acids had antiallergic effects, both histopathological and clinical, in the allergic rhinitis model. We believe that further randomized controlled trials incorporating larger cohorts are warranted to verify the use of omega-3 fatty acids in treating allergic rhinitis. The level of evidence of this article is Level 2.

Comparison of treatment efficacy of omega-3 fish oil and montelukast in ovalbumin-protease-induced allergic rhinitis model in rats

Abstract Objectives Montelukast is a well-known leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used in treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. Omega-3 fatty acid is also known as an antiallergic and immunomodulator molecule. This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of systemic montelukast and omega-3 fatty acid treatment in allergic rhinitis models in Wistar Hannover rats. Methods This research was conducted on 28 healthy Wistar Hannover rats weighing 250-350 g. After establishing the allergic rhinitis model, nasal symptoms were observed and scored, and the nasal mucosa of all rats was investigated histologically. Light microscopy was utilized to evaluate the degree of ciliary loss, goblet cell hyperplasia, vascular congestion, vascular proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, eosinophil infiltration, and hypertrophy in chondrocytes. Results As a result of the analysis of the data obtained from the study, it was determined that typical allergic rhinitis symptoms such as nasal scratching and sneezing were significantly reduced in the rats in the montelukast and omega-3 treated group, and these symptoms did not increase after repeated intranasal OVA-protease applications. Histological examinations after fish oil treatment did not reveal typical inflammatory changes in allergic rhinitis. None of the rats in the montelukast and omega-3 groups had any increase in goblet cells, whereas 14.3% of the rats in the control group and 28.6% of the rats in the allergic rhinitis group had mild increase. Last but not least, 71.4% of rats in the allergic rhinitis group had a moderate increase. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion Regarding the outcomes of this research, it was observed that w-3 fatty acids had antiallergic effects, both histopathological and clinical, in the allergic rhinitis model. We believe that further randomized controlled trials incorporating larger cohorts are warranted to verify the use of omega-3 fatty acids in treating allergic rhinitis. The level of evidence of this article is Level 2.

Effects of nigella sativa oil on allergic rhinitis: an experimental animal study

Abstract Objectives: Nigella sativa oil is known antiallergic and immunomodulatory effects. We aimed to compare this oil with mometasone furoate, a topical steroid, on a rat model in the prevention of allergic rhinitis symptoms. Methods: A total of 28 two-to-four-month-old Wistar Hannover rats weighing 250-350 g were randomly divided into four groups of seven, which included control, allergic rhinitis, mometasone furoate, and Nigella sativa oil groups. Loss of cilia, an increase of goblet cells, vascular proliferation, inflammatory cell count, eosinophil infiltration, and the degree of hypertrophy in chondrocytes were assessed by light microscopy. Results: The frequency of nasal scratching in the Nigella sativa oil group was found to be significantly lower compared with the allergic rhinitis group (p < 0.05). Typical inflammatory changes seen in allergic rhinitis were not detected in the Nigella sativa oil group. No inflammation was observed in 85.7% of both the healthy control group and the Nigella sativa oil group. In addition, no inflammation was observed in 71.4% of the mometasone furoate group, and this difference was found to be significant compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, eosinophil infiltration, cilia loss, chondrocyte hypertrophy, vascular proliferation, and goblet cell increase were found to be significantly decreased in the mometazone furoate and Nigella sativa oil groups compared to the allergic rhinitis group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings obtained from this study, we found anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of Nigella sativa oil as equally effective as mometasone furoate in the treatment of experimentaly generated allergic rhinitis. Level of evidence: IV.

Histopathological comparison of bone healing effects of endonasal and percutaneous lateral osteotomy methods in rabbit rhinoplasty model / Comparação histopatológica dos efeitos da cicatrização óssea entre as técnicas de osteotomia lateral endonasal e percutânea em modelo de rinoplastia em coelhos

Abstract Introduction: Lateral osteotomy is mainly performed either endonasally or percutaneously in rhinoplasty which is a frequently performed operation for the correction of nasal deformities. Both techniques have both advantages and disadvantages relative to each other. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the histopathological effects of endonasal and percutaneous osteotomy techniques performed in rhinoplasty on bone healing and nasal stability in an experimental animal model. Methods: Eight one year-old New Zealand white rabbits were included. Xylazine hydrocloride and intramuscular ketamine anesthesia were administered to the rabbits. Endonasal osteotomy (8 bones) was performed in Group 1 (n = 4), and percutaneous osteotomy (8 bones) in Group 2 (n = 4). One month later the rabbits were sacrificed. Bone healing of the rabbits was staged according to the bone healing score of Huddleston et al. In both groups, nasal bone integrity was assessed subjectively. Results: In the percutaneous osteotomy group, Grade 1 bone healing was observed in two samples (25%), Grade 2 bone healing in two samples (25%), Grade 3 bone healing in four samples (50%). In the endonasal osteotomy group, Grade 1 bone healing was observed in 6 samples (75%) and Grade 2 bone healing was observed in 2 samples (25%). In the percutaneous group, fibrous tissue was observed in 2, predominantly fibrous tissue and a lesser amount of cartilage was observed in 2 and an equal amount of fibrous tissue and cartilage was observed in 4 samples. In the endonasal group, fibrous tissue was observed in 6 samples, and predominantly fibrous tissue with a lesser amount of cartilage was observed in 2 samples. In both groups, when manual force was applied to the nasal bones, subjectively the same resistance was observed. Conclusion: Percutaneous lateral osteotomy technique was found to result in less bone and periost trauma and better bone healing compared to the endonasal osteotomy technique.

Resumo Introdução: Nas rinoplastias, a osteotomia lateral é realizada principalmente por via endonasal ou percutânea para correção de deformidades nasais. Ambas as técnicas apresentam vantagens e desvantagens. Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos histopatológicos sobre a cicatrização óssea e estabilidade nasal entre as técnicas de osteotomia endonasal e percutânea em rinoplastia em um modelo animal experimental. Método: Foram incluídos oito coelhos brancos da Nova Zelândia de um ano de idade. Hidrocloreto de xilazina e cetamina intramuscular foram administrados aos coelhos como agentes anestésicos. Osteotomia endonasal (8 ossos) foi realizada no Grupo 1 (n = 4) e osteotomia percutânea (8 ossos) no Grupo 2 (n = 4). Um mês depois, os coelhos foram sacrificados. A cicatrização óssea dos coelhos foi avaliada de acordo com o escore de cicatrização óssea de Huddleston et al. Em ambos os grupos, a integridade do osso nasal foi avaliada subjetivamente. Resultados: No grupo da osteotomia percutânea, observou-se cicatrização óssea de grau 1 em duas amostras (25%), cicatrização óssea de grau 2 em duas amostras (25%), e cicatrização óssea de grau 3 em quatro amostras (50%). No grupo da osteotomia endonasal, observou-se cicatrização óssea de grau 1 em 6 amostras (75%) e a cicatrização óssea de grau 2 foi observada em 2 amostras (25%). No grupo percutâneo, o tecido fibroso foi observado em 2 amostras, enquanto tecido predominantemente fibroso e uma menor quantidade de cartilagem foi observada em 2 e uma quantidade igual de tecido fibroso e cartilagem foi observada em 4 amostras. No grupo endonasal, observou-se tecido fibroso em 6 amostras e tecido predominantemente fibroso com uma menor quantidade de cartilagem em 2 amostras. Em ambos os grupos, quando força manual foi aplicada aos ossos nasais, a mesma resistência foi observada subjetivamente. Conclusão: A técnica de osteotomia lateral percutânea resultou em menor traumatismo ósseo e periosteal e melhor cicatrização óssea em comparação com a técnica de osteotomia endonasal.