[Biochemical diagnosis of immobilization osteoporosis].

The authors have ascertained informative laboratory tests for diagnosis of immobilization osteoporosis and prognostic tests of reparative osteogenesis in its presence. A study was conducted in 97 patients (mean age 39.8 +/- 9.5 years) with bone nonunion and immobilization osteoporosis diagnosed densitometrically (DPXA, Lunar, USA). The proposed procedures are topical if no densitometric study is available and the prediction of osteogenesis on the basis of the phosphatase index is of informative value at the X-ray negative stage (1 month after surgery). The procedures are available and cost-effective; their sensitivity is 75-77%.

[The clonogenic properties of the bone marrow in dogs during distraction osteogenesis]. / Klonogennye svoistva kostnogo mozga sobak pri distraktsionnom osteogeneze.

The status of canine hemopoietic and stromal progenitor cells in regeneration of bone tissue was studied in distraction osteosynthesis, by using the bone marrow culture technique in the diffusion chambers. Normal osteogenesis was demonstrated to be characterized by certain phase changes in the cloning of progenitor cells of myelopoiesis, whereas abnormal osteogenesis, the activity of hemopoietic cells remained virtually unchanged, but the cloning of CFU-F increased in intact bones.

[Comparative evaluation of the action of myelopid and taktivin on bone marrow]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka deistviia mielopida i taktivina na kostnyi mozg.

This article contain findings about effects of myelopid and taktivin to granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells in rats. The method of bone marrow cultivation in diffusion chambers in vivo was used. It was shown that taktivin stimulates the cloning efficiency of granulocyte progenitor cells, and myelopid stimulates the cloning efficiency of fibroblastic colony forming units.

[Is aspartic acid regulator of hemopoiesis?]. / Asparginovaia kislota--reguliator gemopoéza?

The effect of aspartic acid on myelopoiesis was examined. A method of bone marrow cultivation was used in diffusion chambers in vivo. We found that injection of 1 x 10(-4) g/kg aspartic acid to intact rats during 5 days resulted in increase of cloning efficiency of granulocyte-progenitor cells by 24 per cent and growth of cluster/colony-forming unit fibroblastic. On the basis of these data we came to the conclusion that aspartic acid acts directly on hemopoietic cells and stromal system.

[Role of macrophage destruction products in the alveolar phagocytosis reaction]. / O roli produktov razrusheniia makrofaga v reaktsii al'veoliarnogo fagotsitoza

Peritoneal macrophages (PM) of Wistar rats harvested after the intraperitoneal injection of paraffin oil were destroyed by repeated freezing-thawing. When injected intratracheally to control rats or to those after 4 daily exposured to TiO2 dust, these macrophage destruction products (MDP) caused a significant rise of both the alveolar macrophages (AM) and the neutrophilic leukocytes (NL) counts in the pulmonary washing-outs; the mean NL/AM ratio increased several times as compared to rats injected with normal saline intratracheally. Thus, the response to the inert dust particles plus the exogenous MDP became similar to the one observed after the cytotoxic (for instance silica) particles inhalation. Enhancing the NL contribution to the inhaled particles phagocytosis, the MDP led to a significant decrease of the mean "Dust load" of a single AM, although the total number of the engulfed particles increased. The predominant attraction of granulocytes and particularly of the NL as compared to the peritoneal macrophages was also found in the peritoneal exudates of rats injected with the MDP or silica suspension intraperitoneally, while the alveolar phagocytosis was not influenced. In vitro the MDP was shown to stimulate the NL migration and to facilitate the O2 consumption by PM. A possible role of the MDP as a multipotent controlling factor of phagocytosis response is briefly discussed.

[Role of destruction products of tissue macrophages in regulating granulocytopoiesis]. / O roli produktov destruktsii tkanevykh makrofagov v reguliatsii granulotsitopoéza

Peripheral blood leukocytosis and an increase of mature forms of neutrophils and monocytes in the bone marrow, as well as an improvement of the oxygen supply of the bone marrow cells (by the data of polarographic studies) followed the intraperitoneal injections of rat peritoneal macrophage destruction products (MDP) to the recipient rats. Analogous changes were obtained in the bone marrow in case of intraperitoneal injection of the cytotoxic quartz dust particles. Having been injected intraperitoneally to donor CBA mice, the MDPs strikingly stimulated the glanulocytopoietic colonies formation in the spleen of the recipient CBA mice X-irradiated with a lethal dose and then injected intravenously with the bone marrow of spleen tissue suspensions obtained from the donors. The results obtained are discussed from the aspect of a possible role of the destroyed tissue macrophages in the formation of a colony-stimulating factor in the auto-control of the phagocytic responses.