Zimmermann-Laband syndrome and infantile systemic hyalinosis: an enigma with two separate terms with overlapping features: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Zimmermann-Laband Syndrome (ZLS) and infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) are rare genetic disorders. They are characterized by various spectrum manifestations. In spite of other case reports, this case with features of both syndromes was reported by oral medicine specialists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. CASE PRESENTATION: In this study, we reported an 18-months old female patient with gingival overgrowth. This phenomenon completely embedded all the erupted teeth. In this case, the presence of multiple papulonodular cutaneous lesions is a newly observed aspect that has rarely been reported in the existing literature. Gingival overgrowth was excised under general anesthesia. At six months of follow-up after surgery, mastication and breathing problems were improved. Aesthetic aspects were ameliorated in terms of gingival appearance. CONCLUSIONS: To date, due to the ambiguous presentations, both syndromes remain an enigma for specialists. A timely diagnosis could be crucial for prognosis and preventing severe further surcharge. Dentists could play an important role in the diagnosis of rare disorders.

Is there any difference based on sublingual varices frequency between hypertensive patients and healthy persons?

BACKGROUND: Sublingual varices (SV) are benign vascular lesions that have questionable associations with aging, smoking, and hypertension. This study purposed to evaluate whether SV frequency differs between hypertensive patients and healthy persons. METHODS AND MATERIAL: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 dental patients referred to Yazd Oral Medicine Department. At first sublingual surface of the tongue were examined before the routine oral survey, and blood pressure (BP) was measured in a sitting position. SV were classified into Grade 1 (no/mild), Grade 2 (medium to severe), and Grade 3 (multi-focal). Blood pressure was measured in all participants. Participants based on the obtained BP, divided into normal, prehypertension, stage 1, and 2 groups. Frequency of SV was compared in regarding age, gender, and stage of hypertension. All of the analyses were conducted at a p < 0.05 level of significance by the SPSS22 statistical package using chi-square test. RESULTS: Out of 120 patients, 84 (70%) had SV. The frequency of SV in patients with hypertension (HT) (86.8%) was significantly higher than in others (48.1%); (p < 0.001). Data analysis showed there was a significant difference between the age groups. There was no significant difference based on SV between two genders. There was no significant difference in the frequency of sublingual varices between males and females. Aging could impact the frequency of SV. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that patients with hypertension had more SV. A simple valuable method for dental clinicians to be active in preventive health care is evaluating sublingual surface of tongue.

A non-classic form of McCune Albright syndrome with different presentations and review of the literatures.

BACKGROUND: McCune Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare heterogeneous clinical syndrome without any predilection for ethnic group. Classic form includes triad of fibrous dysplasia, café au late spots and autonomous hyper function of one or more endocrine pathways. CASE REPORT: We report the case of an 18-year old girl with non-classic form of MAS .New aspect of this case report attributed to multiple sebaceous adenoma. CONCLUSION: The new finding of our case of MAS was not reported before. Periodic follow-up with different radiologic and laboratory tests should be considered after suspicion to MAS.

Oral neglect as a marker of broader neglect: a cross-sectional investigation of orodental consultation letter of leukemic admitted patients in Iran.

BACKGROUND: Leukemia is the main malignant hematologic disease of children with different oral manifestations and clinical features. Attention to the oral manifestations is essential for better management. This study assessed the oral and dental consultations conducted in the admitted leukemic patients of an Iranian teaching hospital. METHODS: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, medical records of patients admitted in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital were evaluated. Records of 300 patients with leukemia were randomly selected. Data including demographic information on age, sex, type of oral problems, prescribed instructions and leukemia type were extracted from archived records and registered on the checklist. Finally, Data were analyzed by SPSS17 using Chi-square test. RESULTS: The results showed the average age ± SD of patients were 24.36 ± 23.91 with a range of 4 days to 86 years. Among 300 files, 167 belonged to males (55.7%) and 133 pertained to females (44.3%). The most prevalent type of underlying disease was ALL (Acute lymphocytic leukemia) with the frequency of 180 persons (60%). Only 12 (4%) of patients were referred to a specialist due to oral problems. Of all cases of consultation requests, 75% received consultation because of dental problems and 25% for mucosal problems. There was a statistically significant difference between age and consultation request (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, orodental consultation request rate for admitted leukemic patients was low. Pediatric hematologist and oncologists to some extent had more interest to consult due to oral and dental problems rather than others.

Nurses' educational needs in the oral health of inpatients at Yazd Province in Iran: a Delphi study.

BACKGROUND: Oral hygiene is an integral part of general health of a person. Nurses qualified about oral care can play an important role in improving the quality of oral health in hospitalized patients. This study investigated the educational needs of nurses in the field of oral health of hospitalized patients. METHODS: The study used the modified Delphi method in three rounds. Fifty faculty members of the School of Dentistry and Nursing were selected via purposive sampling. The data collection tool was a demographic form and an open-ended questionnaire in the first round and a structured questionnaire in the next rounds. The analysis was performed using both content and descriptive analysis techniques. RESULTS: The top ten oral health education priorities for nurses were greater than 75% with a consensus level: oral anatomy and physiology, learning the signs and symptoms of common oral diseases, learning of oral medications and administration, learning the drugs that cause damage to the mouth and teeth, training in managing dental emergencies, patient education for tooth brushing and taking care of the mouth, especially in the elderly patient, providing oral and dental care, training for unconscious and fasting patients, undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and hospitalization in intensive care unit. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study emphasized the need for interdisciplinary cooperation between nursing and dental professionals for the development of an oral health curriculum for nurses to promote and improve oral health and prevent dental diseases in hospitalized patients and the community.

Could Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) Existence be Predictor of Short Stature?

BACKGROUND: Molar--incisor hypomineralization (MIH) could be appeared in condition of calcium (Ca2+) disorders. Body height is an index of growth health monitoring in child that may be assumed by calcium metabolism. This study was designed to compare the body height of 8--9 years old schoolchildren with MIH and control group. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out by examination of 606 Iranian healthy schoolchildren for recording enamel defects and body height measurements by a single trained examiner. Putative etiological factors were evaluated using the structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was about maternal, prenatal, and postnatal factors. Statically analysis was done using t-test and Chi-square test in SPSS 22. RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH in the schoolchildren was 52.9%. Prevalence of MIH significantly was higher in girls. Most of maternal and child's parameters appeared to have no significant correlation with MIH except birth weight, antibiotic therapy, maternal disease in pregnancy, and medication (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In spite of lower body height in schoolchildren with MIH, there was not any significant correlation between them.

A Highlighted Case for Emphasizing on Clinical Diagnosis for Rare Syndrome in Third World.

Premature tooth loss is a disastrous situation that affects deciduous or permanent teeth era with different causes. It may be attributed to some disorders like Papillon-Lefevre syndrome or coffin-lowry syndrome but because of ambiguous nature, precise diagnosis is not easily possible. Moreover, it has very low incidence and defines by few and limited case series, with vague characters to some extent, confusion in detecting the right diagnosis is a common possibility. Hence, it is expectable to have a wrong diagnosis for this case. In this study, a 5-yr-old boy with chief complaint of early tooth loss despite having blindness in left eye and palmar keratosis is reported, although he had some other manifestation of oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) like ataxia, dysarthria and nail deformity, ignoring other extra and intra oral finding. He was diagnosed as Papillon-Lefevre syndrome already, just because of early tooth loss and palmar keratosis.

Craniofacial polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: A rare case.

Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (FD) is one of three types of FD which can affect the craniofacial complex. It is the proliferation of cellular fibrous connective tissue intermixed with irregular bony trabecules. It is a developmental tumor-like condition that is characterized by replacement of normal bone. The purpose of this report is to present a rare case of craniofacial polyostotic FD that led to vision loss in the same affected side.

Prevention and management of mucositis in patients with cancer: a review article.

After chemo/radiation therapy, mucositis is one of the most common side effects, so timely nursing care and instructed home care, significantly could decrease cost of medical care, and then increase quality of life. This review summarizes preventive and therapeutic intervention of mucositis (localized or systemic), between some of patients with cancer.

A localized sclerosing osteomyelitis at the periapex of a vital tooth: report of a misdiagnosis.

Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory infectious condition of bones, occurringeither acutely or chronically. The clinical course of the disease leads to destructive or sclerosing patterns of the involved bone. This report presents a case of chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis in a 19-year-old male with a history of an uncontrolled convulsive condition. The lesion was first diagnosed as an osteoblastoma. Chronic trauma or traumatic occlusion has the potential to induce osteomyelitis and should be considered a possible diagnosis in differentiating periapical radiopacities, even in relation with vital teeth.