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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(5): 1217-1224, Sept.-Oct. 2021. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1345258

RESUMO

This work aimed to assess the effect of the probiotic strain, Lactobacillus plantarum, on the levels of leptin, IGF-1 and their receptors on the hepatopancreatic tissues of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and then correlate fish growth performance and gut microbiological parameters. Fish juveniles (±23g) were reared in a recirculation system with constant aeration and temperature (25°C). They were distributed into six polyethylene tanks (45L) and fed twice a day at 5% of the tank biomass with the respective diets: control (commercial diet without probiotic) and supplemented with L. plantarum inoculum (1 x 108 CFU mL-1), both in triplicate. After 30 days of feeding, L. plantarum-fed fishes showed greater weekly growth rate, final weight, and feed conversion rate, in addition to higher count of lactic-acid bacteria and lower count of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract, when compared to the control group. The immunostaining intensity for IGF-1 and leptin hormones was lower after L. plantarum supplementation than in the control group, with no change in the level for receptors. This reduction could implicate important changes in fish metabolism and homeostasis.(AU)


O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da cepa probiótica Lactobacillus plantarum sobre os níveis de leptina, IGF-1 e seus receptores no tecido hepatopancreático de tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) e correlacionar com o desempenho zootécnico e os parâmetros microbiológicos intestinais dos peixes. Juvenis de tilápia-do-nilo (±23g) foram distribuídos em seis tanques de polietileno (45L) conectados a um sistema de recirculação, com aeração e temperatura constantes (25°C). Os peixes foram alimentados duas vezes ao dia, a 5% da biomassa do tanque, com as respectivas dietas: controle (dieta comercial sem probiótico) e suplementada com L. plantarum (1 x 108 UFC mL-1), ambas em triplicata. Após 30 dias de cultivo, os peixes alimentados com L. plantarum apresentaram maiores ganho de peso semanal, peso final e conversão alimentar, bem como maior contagem de bactérias ácido-láticas e menor contagem de bactérias patogênicas no trato intestinal das tilápias alimentadas com dieta probiótica, em comparação ao grupo controle. A intensidade da imunomarcação para os hormônios IGF-1 e leptina foi menor com a suplementação de L. plantarum do que no grupo controle, sem alterar os níveis de seus receptores. Essa redução pode implicar mudanças importantes no metabolismo e na homeostase dos peixes.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ciclídeos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hepatopâncreas/química , Lactobacillus plantarum , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Ração Animal , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I , Suplementos Nutricionais , Leptina
2.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 98(12): 728-33, 2004 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15485703

RESUMO

Three cases of Trypanosoma cruzi-HIV co-infected haemophiliacs are described. Parasitological (xenodiagnosis, haemoculture, PCR) and immunological (CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, in vitro lymphoproliferative responses) studies were performed. Hybridization of isolated parasites with a specific probe confirmed the T. cruzi aetiology. We observed that despite the high parasitaemia, no clinical or parasitological evidence of T. cruzi reactivation was detected. CD4+ T cells decreased with time in two patients and the lymphocyte proliferative response to T. cruzi was very low in all patients. These data suggest that T. cruzi infection may have a long silent course in immunosuppressed HIV patients. Therefore, this parasitic infection should be investigated in any AIDS patient coming from areas endemic for Chagas' disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/complicações , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Adulto , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Relação CD4-CD8 , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Doença de Chagas/imunologia , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , Seguimentos , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/parasitologia , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/imunologia , Hemofilia A/parasitologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Parasitemia/complicações , Parasitemia/imunologia , Parasitemia/parasitologia
3.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 96(7): 987-96, 2001 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11685267

RESUMO

Cutaneous biopsies (n = 94) obtained from 88 patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis were studied by conventional and immunohistochemical techniques. Specimens were distributed as active lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis (n = 53) (Group I), cicatricial lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis (n = 35) (Group II) and suggestive scars of healed mucosal leishmaniasis patients (n = 6) (Group III). In addition, active cutaneous lesions of other etiology (n = 24) (Group C1) and cutaneous scars not related to leishmaniasis (n = 10) (Group C2) were also included in the protocol. Amastigotes in Group I biopsies were detected by routine histopathological exam (30.2%), imprint (28.2%), culture (43.4%), immunofluorescence (41.4%) and immunoperoxidase (58.5%) techniques; and by the five methods together (79.3%). In Group II, 5.7% of cultures were positive. Leishmanial antigen was also seen in the cytoplasm of macrophages and giant cells (cellular pattern), vessel walls (vascular pattern) and dermal nerves (neural pattern). Positive reaction was detected in 49 (92.5%), 20 (57%) and 4 (67%) biopsies of Groups I, II and III, respectively. Antigen persistency in cicatricial tissue may be related to immunoprotection or, on the contrary, to the development of late lesions. We suggest that the cellular, vascular and neural patterns could be applied in the immunodiagnosis of active and cicatricial lesions in which leishmaniasis is suspected.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Protozoários/análise , Cicatriz/imunologia , Leishmania braziliensis/imunologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/imunologia , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Biópsia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cicatriz/parasitologia , Citoplasma/enzimologia , Citoplasma/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Leishmaniose Cutânea/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/patologia , Macrófagos/enzimologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Coelhos , Testes Cutâneos
4.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 93(2): 219-24, 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9698898

RESUMO

The enzyme triosephosphate isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1) was purified from extracts of epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The purification steps included: hydrophobic interaction chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose, CM-Sepharose, and high performance liquid gel filtration chromatography. The CM-Sepharose material contained two bands (27 and 25 kDa) with similar isoelectric points (pI 9.3-9.5) which could be separated by gel filtration in high performance liquid chromatography. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the porcine TPI detected one single polypeptide on western blot with a molecular weight (27 kDa) identical to that purified from T. cruzi. These antibodies also recognized only one band of identical molecular weight in western blots of several other trypanosomatids (Blastocrithidia culicis, Crithidia desouzai, Phytomonas serpens, Herpertomonas samuelpessoai). The presence of only one enzymatic form of TPI in T. cruzi epimastigotes was confirmed by agarose gel activity assay and its localization was established by immunocytochemical analysis. The T. cruzi purified TPI (as well as other trypanosomatid' TPIs) is a dimeric protein, composed of two identical subunits with an approximate mw of 27,000 and it is resolved on two dimensional gel electrophoresis with a pI of 9.3. Sequence analysis of the N-terminal portion of the 27 kDa protein revealed a high homology to Leishmania mexicana and T. brucei proteins.


Assuntos
Triose-Fosfato Isomerase/isolamento & purificação , Trypanosoma cruzi/enzimologia , Animais , Western Blotting , Cromatografia em Agarose , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Imuno-Histoquímica
5.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 93(4): 531-7, 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9711346

RESUMO

An HIV positive patient presenting a clinical picture of visceral leishmaniasis co-infection was submitted to a bone marrow aspiration after admission to hospital. Amastigotes forms were seen in the bone marrow aspirate and the parasite grew in culture as promastigotes. Molecular analyses showed that the flagellates isolated did not belong to the genera Leishmania, Trypanosoma or Sauroleishmania. It was not possible to establish infection in laboratory animals. In vitro culture of mouse peritoneal macrophages revealed the invasion of the host cells by the flagellates and their killing 48 hr after infection. Opportunistic infection with an insect trypanosomatid was suspected. Further hybridization analyses against a panel of different monoxenous and heteroxenous trypanosomatids showed kDNA cross-homology with Leptomonas pulexsimulantis a trypanosomatid found in the dog's flea.


Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/complicações , Infecções por Protozoários/diagnóstico , Infecções por Protozoários/parasitologia , Trypanosomatina/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/complicações , Adulto , Animais , Medula Óssea/parasitologia , DNA de Cinetoplasto/análise , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Cães , Genótipo , Humanos , Macrófagos/parasitologia , Masculino , Infecções por Protozoários/complicações , Trypanosomatina/genética
6.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 58(6): 824-7, 1998 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9660473

RESUMO

Two former patients treated for the cutaneous form of American tegumentary leishmaniasis were reviewed eight and 11 years, respectively, following clinical cure. We were able to isolate Leishmania parasites in a culture of material from the two scar biopsies, and in one of them the parasite was characterized as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. In both cases, the histopathology revealed discreet hyperceratosis and a slight infiltrate of mononuclear cells surrounding and on the walls of the surface and deep dermal vessels. No amastigotes were seen on immunohistochemical or histopathologic examination. The Montenegro skin test result and the in vitro lymphoproliferative response to Leishmania antigen were positive, but no specific IgG and IgM antibodies were detected. Otorhinolaryngologic examination showed no macroscopic alteration in the mucosae. These findings are important for the evaluation and criteria of post-treatment cure.


Assuntos
Cicatriz/parasitologia , Leishmania braziliensis/fisiologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/patologia , Adulto , Animais , Biópsia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Leishmania braziliensis/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Leishmaniose Cutânea/parasitologia , Masculino , Meglumina/uso terapêutico
7.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 93(2): 219-24, Mar.-Apr. 1998. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-203602

RESUMO

The enzyme triosephosphate isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1) was purified from extracts of epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The purification steps included: hydrophobic interaction chromatography on plenyl-Sepharose, CM-Sepharose, and high performance liquid gel filtration chromatography. The CM-Sepharose material contained two bands (27 and 25 kDa) with similar isolectric points (pI 9.3-9.5) which could be separated by gel filtration in high performance liquid chromatography. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the porcine TPI detected one single polypeptide on western blot with a molecular weight (27 kDa) identical to that purified from T. cruzi. These antibodies also recognized only one band of identical molecular weight in western blots of several other trypanosomatids (Blastocrithidia culicis, Crithidia desouzai, Phytomonas serpens, Herpertomonas samuelpessoai). The presence of only one enzymatic form of TPI in T. cruzi epimastigotes was confirmed by agarose gel activity assay and its localization was established by immunocytichemical analysis. The T. cruzi purified TPI (as well as other trypanosomatid' TPIs) is a dimeric protein, composed of two identical subunits with an approximate mw of 27,000 and it is resolved on two dimensional gel electrophoresis with a pI of 9.3. Sequence analysis of the N-terminal portion of the 27 kDa protein revealed a high homology to Leishmania mexicana and T. brucei proteins.


Assuntos
Animais , Triose-Fosfato Isomerase/análise , Trypanosoma cruzi/enzimologia
8.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 29(5): 419-24, 1996.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8966306

RESUMO

A study was carried out to identify Leishmania species involved in skin lesions of patients from Cosmópolis and Indaiatuba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The epidemiological data of cutaneous leishmaniasis in two cities suggested a epidemic situation in 1994. The lesions were clinically characteristic of cutaneous leishmaniasis and five out six patients responded positively to Montenegro's intradermal test. The histopathology of skin lesions were characterized by two patterns: exudative-cellular reaction and exudative granulomatous reaction. The clinical and histopathological parameters suggested Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis as the possible etiologic agent. In agreement, it was difficult to isolate and maintain the parasite in the laboratory. Characterization by in situ hybridization with kDNA amastigotes from lesions fragments confirmed that Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis was the parasite responsible for the studied cutaneous lesions.


Assuntos
Leishmania braziliensis/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose Cutânea/parasitologia , Adulto , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
9.
Mol Biochem Parasitol ; 69(2): 197-209, 1995 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7770084

RESUMO

Molecular karyotype and kDNA restriction analyses were utilized to examine the genetic heterogeneity and plasticity of the Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis strain WHI/BR/78/M5313, composed of metastatic and non-metastatic populations. Cloning revealed that the strain was constituted by multiple closely related populations that were distinguishable by restriction fragment polymorphisms in kDNA. Size polymorphisms in molecular karyotype were not detected. Passage of clones in hamsters and recovery of parasites from cutaneous metastatic lesions yielded evidence of further genetic heterogeneity among some of the progeny populations. Overall, six kDNA minicircle restriction patterns or schizodemes were observed among clones, subclones and progeny. Although the possibility that population heterogeneity was not resolved by cloning cannot be ruled out, subcloning and kDNA restriction analysis to determine whether the putative clones consisted of homogeneous populations showed the schizodeme of subclones of 3 out of 4 clones to be identical to the clone of origin, while a subclone of the fourth had a co-efficient of similarity of 0.95. Metastasis did not segregate with a particular schizodeme: all six restriction profiles were represented among populations isolated from metastatic lesions and some clones with the same restriction profile did not produce metastatic lesions. The strain from which the clones, subclones and progeny were derived had a kDNA restriction pattern identical to the most prevalent schizodeme (38%) among these subpopulations. This finding together with the reappearance of the repertoire of schizodemes found among clones in the populations recovered from metastatic lesions in hamsters inoculated with a single clone, suggest that sequence polymorphisms in kDNA can emerge during infection.


Assuntos
Leishmania guyanensis/genética , Leishmaniose Mucocutânea/parasitologia , Polimorfismo Genético , Animais , Cricetinae , DNA de Cinetoplasto/genética , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição
10.
Parasitology ; 109 ( Pt 2): 135-8, 1994 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8084659

RESUMO

Two domestic guinea-pigs (Cavia porcellus), bought in Pinheros, São Paulo State, Brazil, were taken by their owners to a farm in the rural district of Capão Bonito, close to the Atlantic Forest, São Paulo, where they both developed tumour-like and ulcerating lesions on the ears. The causative agent was identified as Leishmania (L.) enriettii, based on biological characters and isoenzyme profiles. Sources of the parasite in wild mammals, and the possible sandfly vector species are discussed.


Assuntos
Cobaias/parasitologia , Leishmania enriettii/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Animais , Animais Domésticos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças , Isoenzimas/análise , Leishmania enriettii/classificação , Leishmania enriettii/enzimologia , Leishmaniose/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Saúde da População Rural
11.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 89(2): 217-20, Apr.-Jun. 1994. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-155837

RESUMO

Cutaneous disseminated lesions caused by Leishmania sp. were found in a pregnant mare (Equus cabalus) from a rural city in the State of rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Before delivering, treatment was undertaken by immunotherapy followed by chemotherapy. Histopatology and serology were performed during treatment, as well as the biochemical characterization of the parasite (L. braziliensis) that was isolated from one of the lesions


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/parasitologia , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniose Tegumentar Difusa/veterinária , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/terapia , Doenças dos Cavalos/terapia , Cavalos , Imunoterapia , Leishmaniose Tegumentar Difusa/terapia
12.
Biol Res ; 26(1-2): 249-55, 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7545502

RESUMO

A brief review of work carried out by the laboratory on the systematics of trypanosomatids during the last three years is given. The principal line of research has been on the taxonomy of New World Leishmania and one of the topics studied has been the determination of the autochthonous origin of certain Leishmania species found in the New World. Controversy exists as to whether the etiological agent of American Visceral Leishmaniasis is indigenous. Here, we present evidence from enzyme electrophoresis and schizodeme analysis indicating that L. chagasi has a recent origin and that it is similar to L. infantum. We also describe L. major-like isolates which have been found in the New World and present evidence suggesting that some of these populations may have been imported into the Americas. Reference strains from the subgenus Viannia are examined and compared with other Old World and New World species by enzyme electrophoresis. The results are analyzed numerically and we show that the Viannia species are a group of parasites indigenous to the New World that cluster separately from other Leishmania species. The numerical analyses also indicate that the subgenus forms a monophyletic group in contrast to the subgenus Leishmania which appears to be polyphyletic.


Assuntos
Leishmania/classificação , América , Animais , Genótipo , Leishmania/enzimologia , Leishmania/genética , Leishmaniose Cutânea/parasitologia , Filogenia
13.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 81(3): 303-9, jul.-set. 1986. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-38576

RESUMO

Em lesöes cutâneas, de um caso humano e de um cäo, procedente de área endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar no Rio de Janeiro, foi isolada L.d. chagasi. Ambas as culturas foram identificadas por caracterizaçäo molecular e immunológica do parasito utilizando três diferentes métodos: mobilidade eletroforética de isoenzimas, análise do kDNA e anticorpos monoclonais. Este parece ser o primeiro caso humano bem documentado, no Novo Mundo, de uma Leishmania "viscerotrópica" induzindo lesöes cutâneas e demonstra que o diagnóstico do agente etiológico baseado somente na observaçäo clínica e dados epidemiológicos pode levar a conclusöes errôneas


Assuntos
Adulto , Cães , Animais , Humanos , Feminino , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Anticorpos Monoclonais/análise , Brasil , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Leishmania donovani/imunologia , Leishmania donovani/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Úlcera Cutânea/parasitologia
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