RESUMO
Integrating genomics and histology for cancer prognosis demonstrates promise. Here, we develop a multi-classifier system integrating a lncRNA-based classifier, a deep learning whole-slide-image-based classifier, and a clinicopathological classifier to accurately predict post-surgery localized (stage I-III) papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) recurrence. The multi-classifier system demonstrates significantly higher predictive accuracy for recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to the three single classifiers alone in the training set and in both validation sets (C-index 0.831-0.858 vs. 0.642-0.777, p < 0.05). The RFS in our multi-classifier-defined high-risk stage I/II and grade 1/2 groups is significantly worse than in the low-risk stage III and grade 3/4 groups (p < 0.05). Our multi-classifier system is a practical and reliable predictor for recurrence of localized pRCC after surgery that can be used with the current staging system to more accurately predict disease course and inform strategies for individualized adjuvant therapy.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Masculino , Feminino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Prognóstico , Genômica/métodos , Adulto , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Aprendizado Profundo , Intervalo Livre de DoençaRESUMO
The tumor microenvironment (TME) in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) is marked by substantial immunosuppression and immune resistance despite having extensive T-cell infiltration. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying immune evasion could help identify therapeutic strategies to boost the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in RCC. This study uncovered a mechanism wherein the polyadenylate-binding protein PABPC1L modulates indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a prospective target for immunotherapy. PABPC1L was markedly upregulated in RCC, and high PABPC1L expression correlated with unfavorable prognosis and resistance to ICB. PABPC1L bolstered tryptophan metabolism by upregulating IDO1, inducing T-cell dysfunction and Treg infiltration. PABPC1L enhanced the stability of JAK2 mRNA, leading to increased JAK2-STAT1 signaling that induced IDO1 expression. Additionally, PABPC1L-induced activation of the JAK2-STAT1 axis created a positive feedback loop to promote PABPC1L transcription. Conversely, loss of PABPC1L diminished IDO1 expression, mitigated cytotoxic T-cell suppression, and enhanced responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy in patient-derived xenograft models. These findings reveal the crucial role of PABPC1L in facilitating immune evasion in RCC and indicate that inhibiting PABPC1L could be a potential immunotherapeutic approach in combination with ICB to improve patient outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE: PABPC1L functions as a key factor in renal cell carcinoma immune evasion, enhancing IDO1 and impeding T-cell function, and represents a potential target to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Indolamina-Pirrol 2,3,-Dioxigenase , Neoplasias Renais , Triptofano , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/farmacologia , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Indolamina-Pirrol 2,3,-Dioxigenase/metabolismo , Indolamina-Pirrol 2,3,-Dioxigenase/genética , Janus Quinase 2/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/imunologia , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Fator de Transcrição STAT1/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT1/genética , Triptofano/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral/imunologia , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Chemo-activation of mitochondrial ClpP exhibits promising anticancer properties. However, we are currently unaware of any studies using selective and potent ClpP activators in lung squamous cell carcinoma. In this work, we report on such an activator, ZK53, which exhibits therapeutic effects on lung squamous cell carcinoma in vivo. The crystal structure of ZK53/ClpP complex reveals a π-π stacking effect that is essential for ligand binding selectively to the mitochondrial ClpP. ZK53 features on a simple scaffold, which is distinct from the activators with rigid scaffolds, such as acyldepsipeptides and imipridones. ZK53 treatment causes a decrease of the electron transport chain in a ClpP-dependent manner, which results in declined oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production in lung tumor cells. Mechanistically, ZK53 inhibits the adenoviral early region 2 binding factor targets and activates the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated-mediated DNA damage response, eventually triggering cell cycle arrest. Lastly, ZK53 exhibits therapeutic effects on lung squamous cell carcinoma cells in xenograft and autochthonous mouse models.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Animais , Camundongos , Humanos , Ciclo Celular , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Pulmão/patologia , Endopeptidase Clp/metabolismoRESUMO
Metabolic fitness of T cells is essential for their vitality, which is largely dependent on the behavior of the mitochondria. The nature of mitochondrial behavior in tumor-infiltrating T cells remains poorly understood. In this study, we show that mitofusin-2 (MFN2) expression is positively correlated with the prognosis of multiple cancers. Genetic ablation of Mfn2 in CD8+ T cells dampens mitochondrial metabolism and function and promotes tumor progression. In tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, MFN2 enhances mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact by interacting with ER-embedded Ca2+-ATPase SERCA2, facilitating the mitochondrial Ca2+ influx required for efficient mitochondrial metabolism. MFN2 stimulates the ER Ca2+ retrieval activity of SERCA2, thereby preventing excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation and apoptosis. Elevating mitochondria-ER contact by increasing MFN2 in CD8+ T cells improves the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Thus, we reveal a tethering-and-buffering mechanism of organelle cross-talk that regulates the metabolic fitness of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and highlights the therapeutic potential of enhancing MFN2 expression to optimize T cell function.
Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos , Neoplasias , Humanos , Apoptose , Retículo Endoplasmático , GTP Fosfo-Hidrolases , Mitocôndrias , Proteínas MitocondriaisRESUMO
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with extremely limited clinical treatment options. Because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), it is difficult for anti-GBM drug candidates to enter the brain to exert their therapeutic effects. The spirocyclic skeleton structure exhibits good lipophilicity and permeability, enabling small-molecule compounds to cross the BBB. Herein, we designed and synthesized novel 3-oxetanone-derived spirocyclic compounds containing a spiro[3.4]octane ring and determined their structure-activity relationship for antiproliferation in GBM cells. Among these, the chalcone-spirocycle hybrid 10m/ZS44 exhibited high antiproliferative activity in U251 cells and permeability in vitro. Furthermore, 10m/ZS44 activated the SIRT1/p53-mediated apoptosis pathway to inhibit proliferation in U251 cells, whereas it minimally impaired other cell-death pathways, such as pyroptosis or necroptosis. In a mouse xenograft model, 10m/ZS44 exhibited a substantial inhibitory effect on GBM tumor growth without showing obvious toxicity. Overall, 10m/ZS44 represents a promising spirocyclic compound for the treatment of GBM.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioblastoma , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Glioblastoma/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Barreira Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Morte Celular , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Proliferação de Células , Apoptose , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most lethal renal cancer. An overwhelming increase of patients experience tumor progression and unfavorable prognosis. However, the molecular events underlying ccRCC tumorigenesis and metastasis remain unclear. Therefore, uncovering the underlying mechanisms will pave the way for developing novel therapeutic targets for ccRCC. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of mitofusin-2 (MFN2) in supressing ccRCC tumorigenesis and metastasis. METHODS: The expression pattern and clinical significance of MFN2 in ccRCC were analyzed by using the Cancer Genome Atlas datasets and samples from our independent ccRCC cohort. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments, including cell proliferation, xenograft mouse models and transgenic mouse model, were used to determine the role of MFN2 in regulating the malignant behaviors of ccRCC. RNA-sequencing, mass spectrum analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, bio-layer interferometry and immunofluorescence were employed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms for the tumor-supressing role of MFN2. RESULTS: we reported a tumor-suppressing pathway in ccRCC, characterized by mitochondria-dependent inactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. This process was mediated by the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) protein MFN2. MFN2 was down-regulated in ccRCC and associated with favorable prognosis of ccRCC patients. in vivo and in vitro assays demonstrated that MFN2 inhibited ccRCC tumor growth and metastasis by suppressing the EGFR signaling pathway. In a kidney-specific knockout mouse model, loss of MFN2 led to EGFR pathway activation and malignant lesions in kidney. Mechanistically, MFN2 preferably binded small GTPase Rab21 in its GTP-loading form, which was colocalized with endocytosed EGFR in ccRCC cells. Through this EGFR-Rab21-MFN2 interaction, endocytosed EGFR was docked to mitochondria and subsequently dephosphorylated by the OMM-residing tyrosine-protein phosphatase receptor type J (PTPRJ). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings uncover an important non-canonical mitochondria-dependent pathway regulating EGFR signaling by the Rab21-MFN2-PTPRJ axis, which contributes to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for ccRCC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Carcinogênese , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Receptores ErbB/genética , GTP Fosfo-Hidrolases/genética , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Mitocôndrias/genética , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Proteínas Mitocondriais/genéticaRESUMO
Human caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) is required for the regulatory hydrolysis of mitochondrial proteins. Allosteric ClpP agonists dysfunctionally activate mitochondrial ClpP in antileukemic therapies. We previously developed ZG111, a potent ClpP agonist derived from ICG-001, inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo by degrading respiratory chain complex proteins. Herein, we studied the structure-activity relationships of ICG-001 analogs as antileukemia agents. Compound ZG36 exhibited improved stabilization effects on the thermal stability of ClpP in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines compared with the stabilization effects of ZG111, indicating a direct binding between ZG36 and ClpP. Indeed, the resolved ZG36/ClpP structural complex reveals the mode of action of ZG36 during ClpP binding. Compound ZG36 nonselectively degrades respiratory chain complexes and decreases the mitochondrial DNA, eventually leading to the collapse of mitochondrial function and leukemic cell death. Finally, ZG36 treatment inhibited 3-D cell growth in vitro and suppressed the tumorigenesis of AML cells in xenografted mice models. Collectively, we developed a new class of human ClpP agonists that can be used as potential antileukemic therapies.
Assuntos
Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Mitocôndrias , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular , Endopeptidase Clp/química , Endopeptidase Clp/genética , Endopeptidase Clp/metabolismo , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Metastasis is the main cause of mortality in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) involvement in RCC metastasis has been described, although the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We evaluated recurring lung-metastasis cases using patient-derived xenograft models and isolated a highly metastatic clone. CircSPIRE1 was identified as a metastasis-inhibiting circRNA in clinical cohort and xenograft models. Mechanistically, circSPIRE1 suppressed mesenchymal state through regulating ELAV like RNA binding protein 1-mRNA binding, and upregulating polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3) and KH domain RNA binding protein (QKI) expression. GALNT3 promoted glycosylation and cytomembrane localization of E-cadherin. QKI formed a positive feedback loop to enhance circSPIRE1 expression. Meanwhile, exosomal circSPIRE1 suppressed angiogenesis and vessel permeability. Our work reveals a non-canonical route for circRNAs in RCC to suppress metastasis. Furthermore, a nanomedicine consisting of circSPIRE1 plasmid suppressed metastasis formation. In conclusion, circSPIRE1 may be a predictor of metastasis and a potential therapeutic target of metastatic RCC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , MicroRNAs , Animais , Humanos , Caderinas/genética , Caderinas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Glicosilação , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , MicroRNAs/genética , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/genética , RNA Circular/genética , RNA Circular/metabolismoRESUMO
LZTFL1 is a tumor suppressor located in chromosomal region 3p21.3 that is deleted frequently and early in various cancer types including the kidney cancer. However, its role in kidney tumorigenesis remains unknown. Here we hypothesized a tumor suppressive function of LZTFL1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its mechanism of action based on extensive bioinformatics analysis of patients' tumor data and validated it using both gain- and loss-functional studies in kidney tumor cell lines and patient-derive xenograft (PDX) model systems. Our studies indicated that LZTFL1 inhibits kidney tumor cell proliferation by destabilizing AKT through ZNRF1-mediated ubiquitin proteosome pathway and inducing cell cycle arrest at G1. Clinically, we found that LZTFL1 is frequently deleted in ccRCC. Downregulation of LZTFL1 is associated with a poor ccRCC outcome and may be used as prognostic maker. Furthermore, we show that overexpression of LZTFL1 in PDX via lentiviral delivery suppressed PDX growth, suggesting that re-expression of LZTFL1 may be a therapeutic strategy against ccRCC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Ubiquitinas/metabolismoRESUMO
High lymphocyte infiltration and immunosuppression characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). There is an urgent need to elucidate how tumor cells escape the immune attack and to develop novel therapeutic targets to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in RCC. Overactivated IFN-γ-induced JAK/STAT signaling involves in such TME, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, EH domain-binding protein 1-like protein 1 (EHBP1L1) is identified as a crucial mediator of IFN-γ/JAK1/STAT1/PD-L1 signaling in RCC. EHBP1L1 is highly expressed in RCC, and high EHBP1L1 expression levels are correlated with poor prognosis and resistance to ICB. EHBP1L1 depletion significantly inhibits tumor growth, which is attributed to enhanced CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, EHBP1L1 interacts with and stabilizes JAK1. By competing with SOCS1, EHBP1L1 protects JAK1 from proteasomal degradation, which leads to elevated JAK1 protein levels and JAK1/STAT1/PD-L1 signaling activity, thereby forming an immunosuppressive TME. Furthermore, the combination of EHBP1L1 inhibition and ICB reprograms the immunosuppressive TME and prevents tumor immune evasion, thus significantly reinforcing the therapeutic efficacy of ICB in RCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. These findings reveal the vital role of EHBP1L1 in immune evasion in RCC, which may be a potential complement for ICB therapy.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , Evasão Tumoral , Humanos , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Evasão da Resposta Imune , Janus Quinase 1/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/imunologia , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Transdução de Sinais , Evasão Tumoral/genética , Evasão Tumoral/imunologiaRESUMO
Sunitinib resistance remains a serious challenge to the treatment of advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), yet the mechanisms underlying this resistance are not fully understood. Here, we report that the long noncoding RNA IGFL2-AS1 is a driver of therapy resistance in RCC. IGFL2-AS1 was highly upregulated in sunitinib-resistant RCC cells and was associated with poor prognosis in patients with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) who received sunitinib therapy. IGFL2-AS1 enhanced TP53INP2 expression by competitively binding to hnRNPC, a multifunctional RNA-binding protein that posttranscriptionally suppresses TP53INP2 expression through alternative splicing. Upregulated TP53INP2 enhanced autophagy and ultimately led to sunitinib resistance. Meanwhile, IGFL2-AS1 was packaged into extracellular vesicles through hnRNPC, thus transmitting sunitinib resistance to other cells. N6-methyladenosine modification of IGFL2-AS1 was critical for its interaction with hnRNPC. In a patient-derived xenograft model of sunitinib-resistant ccRCC, injection of chitosan-solid lipid nanoparticles containing antisense oligonucleotide-IGFL2-AS1 successfully reversed sunitinib resistance. These findings indicate a novel molecular mechanism of sunitinib resistance in RCC and suggest that IGFL2-AS1 may serve as a prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target to overcome resistance. SIGNIFICANCE: Extracellular vesicle-packaged IGFL2-AS1 promotes sunitinib resistance by regulating TP53INP2-triggered autophagy, implicating this lncRNA as a potential therapeutic target in renal cell carcinoma.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Vesículas Extracelulares , Neoplasias Renais , RNA Longo não Codificante , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Sunitinibe/farmacologia , Sunitinibe/uso terapêutico , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Vesículas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have identified that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have an important role in cancer via their well-recognized sponge effect on miRNAs, which regulates a large variety of cancer-related genes. However, only a few circRNAs have been well-studied in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and their regulatory function remains largely elusive. METHODS: Bioinformatics approaches were used to characterize the differentially expressed circRNAs in our own circRNA-sequencing dataset, as well as two public circRNA microarray datasets. CircNTNG1 (hsa_circ_0002286) was identified as a potential tumor-suppressing circRNA. Transwell assay and CCK-8 assay were used to assess phenotypic changes. RNA pull-down, luciferase reporter assays and FISH experiment were used to confirm the interactions among circNTNG1, miR-19b-3p, and HOXA5 mRNA. GSEA was performed to explore the downstream pathway regulated by HOXA5. Immunoblotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation were used to study the mechanism of HOXA5. RESULTS: In all three circRNA datasets, circNTNG1, which was frequently deleted in RCC, showed significantly low expression in the tumor group. The basic properties of circNTNG1 were characterized, and phenotype studies also demonstrated the inhibitory effect of circNTNG1 on RCC cell aggressiveness. Clinically, circNTNG1 expression was associated with RCC stage and Fuhrman grade, and it also served as an independent predictive factor for both OS and RFS of RCC patients. Next, the sponge effect of circNTNG1 on miR-19b-3p and the inhibition of HOXA5 by miR-19b-3p were validated. GSEA analysis indicated that HOXA5 could inactivate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and this inactivation was mediated by HOXA5-induced SNAI2 (Slug) downregulation. Finally, it was confirmed that the Slug downregulation was caused by HOXA5, along with the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A, binding to its promoter region and increasing the methylation level. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the experimental data, in RCC, circNTNG1/miR-19b-3p/HOXA5 axis can regulate the epigenetic silencing of Slug, thus interfering EMT and metastasis of RCC. Together, our findings provide potential biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for future study in RCC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , MicroRNAs , Humanos , Biomarcadores , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Neoplasias Renais/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Circular/genética , Inativação Gênica , Epigênese GenéticaRESUMO
Chemoresistance is one of the leading causes of therapeutic failure in gastric cancer (GC) treatment. Recent studies have shown lncRNAs play pivotal roles in regulating GC chemoresistance. Nanocarriers delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to silence cancer-related genes has become a novel approach to cancer treatment research. However, finding target genes and developing nanosystems capable of selectively delivering siRNAs for disease treatment remains a challenge. In this study, a novel lncRNA TMEM44-AS1 that is related to 5-FU resistance is identified. TMEM44-AS1 has the ability to bind to and sponge miR-2355-5p, resulting in the upregulated PPP1R13L expression and P53 pathway inhibition. Next, a new nanocarrier called chitosan-gelatin-EGCG (CGE) is developed, which has a higher gene silencing efficiency than lipo2000, to aid in the delivery of a si-TMEM44-AS1 can efficiently silence TMEM44-AS1 expression to synergistically reverse 5-FU resistance in GC, leading to a markedly enhanced 5-FU therapeutic effect in a xenograft mouse model of GC. These findings indicate that TMEM44-AS1 may estimate 5-FU therapy outcome among GC cases, and that systemic si-TMEM44-AS1 delivery combined with 5-FU therapy is significant in the treatment of patients with recurrent GC.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Inativação Gênica , Nanopartículas , RNA , Neoplasias Gástricas , Animais , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Catequina/farmacologia , Catequina/uso terapêutico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Quitosana/farmacologia , Quitosana/uso terapêutico , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/fisiologia , Fluoruracila/farmacologia , Fluoruracila/uso terapêutico , Gelatina/farmacologia , Gelatina/uso terapêutico , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Inativação Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Inativação Gênica/fisiologia , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , MicroRNAs/genética , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico , RNA/genética , RNA/metabolismo , RNA Antissenso/genética , RNA Antissenso/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismoRESUMO
Sunitinib resistance is a major challenge in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in regulating sunitinib resistance of RCC is largely unknown. We established sunitinib-resistant RCC cell lines in vivo. Through RNA-sequencing, we identified circSNX6, whose expression is upregulated in sunitinib-resistant cells compared with their parental cells. High circSNX6 expression was correlated with sunitinib resistance and worse oncologic outcomes in a cohort of 81 RCC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that circSNX6 could promote sunitinib resistance in RCC. circSNX6 acts as a molecular "sponge" to relieve the suppressive effect of microRNA (miR)-1184 on its target gene, glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase 1 (GPCPD1), which increases intracellular lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) levels and, ultimately, promotes sunitinib resistance in RCC cells. Our findings demonstrated that the circSNX6/miR-1184/GPCPD1 axis had a critical role in regulation of intracellular LPA levels and sunitinib resistance in RCC; they also provide a novel prognostic indicator and promising therapeutic targets.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Lisofosfolipídeos/fisiologia , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Fosfolipases/fisiologia , RNA Circular/fisiologia , Sunitinibe/farmacologia , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/mortalidade , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/mortalidade , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been shown to improve overall survival (OS) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. However, less than half of the ccRCC patients have objective response to ICI. OBJECTIVE: We aim to assess the role of DDX39B in predicting ccRCC patients'OS and ICI therapy response. METHODS: DDX39B was detected by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray of 305 ccRCC patients. DDX39B and its relationship with the prognosis of ccRCC were also evaluated in TCGA set and a RECA-EU set. The expression of DDX39B and patients survival was also analysed in two datasets of ccRCC patients treated with ICI. RESULTS: Overexpression of DDX39B predicted poor OS of ccRCC patients in SYSU set, TCGA set, and a RECA-EU set. DDX39B expression was significantly positive with the expression of PD-L1 and other immunomodulators., DDX39B negatively correlated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and HDAC10 exon 3 inclusion in ccRCC. DDX39B knockdown decreased the expression of PD-L1 and increased the expression of HDAC10 exon 3 in renal cancer ACHN cells. Patients of ccRCC with lower levels of HDAC10 exon 3 inclusion have higher TNM stage, higher Fuhrman grade and poor OS. There was a tendency that patients with DDX39B high expression had longer OS and PFS than patients with DDX39B low expression in ccRCC patients treated with ICI. CONCLUSION: DDX39B gene is highly expressed in ccRCC and is closely related to patients' OS. DDX39B might increase PD-L1 expression via the enhancement of HDAC10 exon 3 skipping, thereby promoting the ICI therapy response.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , RNA Helicases DEAD-box/genética , Histona Desacetilases , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Renais/genética , PrognósticoRESUMO
Background: Only a proportion of patients with bladder cancer may benefit from durable response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. More precise indicators of response to immunotherapy are warranted. Our study aimed to construct a more precise classifier for predicting the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Methods: This multi-cohort study examined the top 20 frequently mutated genes in five cohorts of patients with bladder cancer and developed the TP53/PIK3CA/ATM mutation classifier based on the MSKCC ICI cohort. The classifier was then validated in a validation set consisting of IMvigor210 cohort and Broad/Dana-Farber cohort. The molecular profile and immune infiltration characteristics in each subgroup as defined by this classifier were explored. Results: Among all 881 patients with bladder cancer, the mutation frequency of TP53, PIK3CA, and ATM ranked in the top 20 mutated genes. The TP53/PIK3CA/ATM mutation classifier was constructed based on the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) ICI cohort and only showed predictive value for patients with bladder cancer who received ICI therapy (median overall survival: low-risk group, not reached; moderate-risk group, 13.0 months; high-risk group, 8.0 months; P<0.0001). Similar results were found in subgroups of MSKCC ICI cohort defined by tumor mutation burden. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the risk group defined by the classifier served as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with bladder cancer. Efficacy of the classifier was verified in a validation set consisting of IMvigor210 cohort and Broad/Dana-Farber cohort. Lower expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and less tumor immune infiltration were observed in the high-risk group than the other two groups of the TCGA cohort and the IMvigor210 cohort. Conclusion: Our study constructed a TP53/PIK3CA/ATM mutation classifier to predict the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for patients with bladder cancer. This classifier can potentially complement the tumor mutation burden and guide clinical ICI treatment decisions according to distinct risk levels.
Assuntos
Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/administração & dosagem , Mutação , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53 , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária , Adulto , Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia/genética , Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia/imunologia , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/imunologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Taxa de Sobrevida , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/imunologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/genética , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/imunologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/mortalidadeRESUMO
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to exert important roles in tumors, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). PVT1 is an important oncogenic lncRNA which has critical effects on onset and development of various cancers, however, the underlying mechanism of PVT1 functioning in ccRCC remains largely unknown. VHL deficiency-induced HIF2α accumulation is one of the major factors for ccRCC. Here, we identified the potential molecular mechanism of PVT1 in promoting ccRCC development by stabilizing HIF2α. PVT1 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues and high PVT1 expression was associated with poor prognosis of ccRCC patients. Both gain-of-function and loss-of function experiments revealed that PVT1 enhanced ccRCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced tumor angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PVT1 interacted with HIF2α protein and enhanced its stability by protecting it from ubiquitination-dependent degradation, thereby exerting its biological significance. Meanwhile, HIF2α bound to the enhancer of PVT1 to transactivate its expression. Furthermore, HIF2α specific inhibitor could repress PVT1 expression and its oncogenic functions. Therefore, our study demonstrates that the PVT1/ HIF2α positive feedback loop involves in tumorigenesis and progression of ccRCC, which may be exploited for anticancer therapy.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , RNA Longo não Codificante , Carcinogênese , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais , Ubiquitinação , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) carries a variable prognosis. Prognostic biomarkers can stratify patients according to risk, and can provide crucial information for clinical decision-making. We screened for an autophagy-related long non-coding lncRNA (lncRNA) signature to improve postoperative risk stratification in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We confirmed this model in ICGC and SYSU cohorts as a significant and independent prognostic signature. Western blotting, autophagic-flux assay and transmission electron microscopy were used to verify that regulation of expression of 8 lncRNAs related to autophagy affected changes in autophagic flow in vitro. Our data suggest that 8-lncRNA signature related to autophagy is a promising prognostic tool in predicting the survival of patients with ccRCC. Combination of this signature with clinical and pathologic parameters could aid accurate risk assessment to guide clinical management, and this 8-lncRNAs signature related to autophagy may serve as a therapeutic target.
Assuntos
Autofagia/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have significant regulatory roles in cancer development and progression; however, the expression patterns and biological functions of circRNAs in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain largely elusive. METHOD: Bioinformatics methods were applied to screen for circRNAs differentially expressed in RCC. Analysis of online circRNAs microarray datasets and our own patient cohort indicated that circSDHC (hsa_circ_0015004) had a potential oncogenic role in RCC. Subsequently, circSDHC expression was measured in RCC tissues and cell lines by qPCR assay, and the prognostic value of circSDHC evaluated. Further, a series of functional in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the effects of circSDHC on RCC proliferation and metastasis. RNA pull-down assay, luciferase reporter and fluorescent in situ hybridization assays were used to confirm the interactions between circSDHC, miR-127-3p and its target genes. RESULTS: Clinically, high circSDHC expression was correlated with advanced TNM stage and poor survival in patients with RCC. Further, circSDHC promoted tumor cell proliferation and invasion, both in vivo and in vitro. Analysis of the mechanism underlying the effects of circSDHC in RCC demonstrated that it binds competitively to miR-127-3p and prevents its suppression of a downstream gene, CDKN3, and the E2F1 pathway, thereby leading to RCC malignant progression. Furthermore, knockdown of circSDHC caused decreased CDKN3 expression and E2F1 pathway inhibition, which could be rescued by treatment with an miR-127-3p inhibitor. CONCLUSION: Our data indicates, for the first time, an essential role for the circSDHC/miR-127-3p/CDKN3/E2F1 axis in RCC progression. Thus, circSDHC has potential to be a new therapeutic target in patients with RCC.