RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer is a controversial topic. Until recently there has not been a reliable imaging mo-dality for identification of cancer within the prostate. New evidence suggests that multiparametric magngenetic resonance im-aging (MRI) has the potential to improve the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: This article explains the potential roles for multiparametric MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. DISCUSSION: Multiparametric MRI can help identify regions which may represent clinically significant prostate cancer. MRI may also be used to guide varying prostate cancer treatment modalities. An experienced radiologist and adequately powered MRI scanner are es-sential. Multiparametric MRI in the hands of an experienced uroradiology team is emerging as a useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer however this technology is still in its infancy and requires further evaluation. At this time prostate MRI should only be ordered by the treating urologist.