Assuntos
Transfusão de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Programas de Rastreamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/estatística & dados numéricos , Medição de Risco/métodos , Doadores de Sangue , Transfusão de Sangue/métodos , DNA Viral/sangue , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Hepatite C/transmissão , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Programas de Rastreamento/tendências , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In 1997 the German Red Cross (GRC) blood donor services introduced mini-pool nucleic acid testing (NAT) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) to increase blood safety. With the new cobas s 201/cobas TaqScreen MPX, a fully automated extraction method and a multiplex amplification system specifically adapted to the needs of blood donation services is available. METHODS: The cobas s 201 system was evaluated at the GRC BTS locations Hagen, Springe and Frankfurt. In phase A, the analytical sensitivity for the detection of HBV, HCV and HIV-1 was investigated and in phase B, at least 60,000 samples at each test site were screened in parallel with the MPX test on s 201 system and the existing routine mini-pool NAT system to compare the diagnostic specificity and the diagnostic sensitivity. RESULTS: Comparable analytical sensitivities in a range of 1.6-3.6 IU/ml, 4.9-10.9 IU/ml and 14.7-26.6 IU/ml for HBV, HCV HIV, respectively, for the MPX test on s 201 system (95% probability based on probit analysis) were determined at all test sites. The diagnostic sensitivity was 99.8% and the diagnostic specificity was 99.85%. CONCLUSIONS: The MPX test on s 201 system is a fully automated NAT system suitable for routine blood donor screening. The analytical sensitivity as well as the diagnostic sensitivity fulfilled all requirements of the Paul Ehrlich Institute for blood donor screening in mini-pools up to 96 donations per pool. A major benefit of the automated NAT system is the reduced personnel time and the extensive complete barcode-controlled process documentation.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Programas de Rastreamento/instrumentação , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Viroses/diagnóstico , Automação , Processamento Eletrônico de Dados , Alemanha , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Cruz Vermelha , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Viroses/prevenção & controle , Viroses/transmissãoRESUMO
Two different cDNA clones (SCL12-1 and SCL12-2) encoding precursors of a chloroplast ribosomal protein with homology to L12 from Escherichia coli were isolated from rye leaf cDNA libraries and sequenced. The corresponding polypeptide of rye chloroplast ribosomes was identified. The sequences for the mature proteins of M(r) 13,447 and 13,609 share 85% amino acid identity. The mature polypeptide of clone SCL12-1 has an amino acid identity of 71%, 72% or 44%, respectively, relative to L12 proteins from spinach, tobacco, or E. coli. Codon usage of the rye L12 cDNAs shows a high preference (97% and 82%) for G or C in the third base position.