Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type, Extranasal and Ulcerative Blister Variant, Case Report.

The extranodal natural killer (NK) T-cell lymphoma of nasal type is a form of lymphoma that falls within the WHO/EORTC 2018 classification of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. It is characterized for being aggressive, infrequent, and destroying midline facial structures; however, it can also be in primary or secondary form at extranasal sites, such as the skin or the gastrointestinal tract, among others. We report the case of an 18-year-old patient with an extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma located in an extranasal site. The clinical presentation is characterized for being multifocal and with erythematous-violaceous plaques that progress to hemorrhagic blisters and necrotic ulcers. Although this type of lymphoma has been reported previously by others, the presence of blisters is an atypical finding, which we believe has been described only in one case in the medical literature.

Successful treatment of mucosal neuromas by radiofrequency ablation in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B.

This is the first report of mucosal neuromas being treated successfully with radiofrequency ablation in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Survey toward Skin Cancer among Ecuadorian Population.

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers, and melanoma is a highly preventable cancer. In Ecuador, few studies have evaluated the awareness levels of the population about the disease. For this reason, the objective of this study was to measure the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding skin cancer and its determining factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis using an online self-assessment questionnaire containing 40 questions was delivered. A total of 537 participants were included in this study. Knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were assigned to each participant based on the number of correct or appropriate responses. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS: In total, 75% of participants referenced knowledge of the harmful effects related to noncontrolled solar exposure. Concerning sunscreen, 76.7% knew the reason for using it. The female group was 1.68 times more likely to get a higher score than the male group, and the groups between 61-70 and 71-80 years were 0.30 and 0.17 times less likely to get a higher score compared with the less than 20-years-old group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate the requirement to increase the population's knowledge about skin cancer and possible protection measures. For this reason, the prevention and health promotion programs at a national level from primary healthcare centers are recommended. Due to the limitation of the representativeness of the sample, the use of more studies among Ecuadorian residents of the low socioeconomic level and replication in different provinces of Ecuador is justified.

Caracterización de la autoinmunidad tiroidea en mujeres adultas con melasma / Characterization of thyroid autoimmunity in adult women with melasma

Contexto: el melasma es una dermatosis frecuente en el país; predomina en mujeres. A nivel mundial existe limitada y controversial información sobre la relación entre melasma y la autoinmunidad tiroidea; en el país no existen estudios sobre esta asociación. Si fuera el caso, pacientes con melasma tendrían un alto riesgo de padecer patologías tiroideas. Objetivo: caracterizar la asociación entre melasma y autoinmunidad tiroidea en mujeres mayores de 18 años. Diseño: estudio transversal, en mujeres mayores a 18 años de edad que acuden a consulta externa del servicio de Dermatología del Hospital San Francisco de Quito, perteneciente al Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social IESS, en el periodo abril 2014-junio 2015, diagnosticadas de melasma. Mediciones principales: la información fue obtenida de la historia clínica electrónica de cada paciente y una entrevista personal; luego se obtuvieron muestras biológicas para determinar la presencia de anticuerpo antitiroperoxidasa, antitiroglobulina y hormona estimulante de tiroides en sangre. La asociación entre las titulaciones de anticuerpos, severidad y etiología de melasma se estimó mediante regresión logística. Resultados: el 47,17% de mujeres presentó algún trastorno tiroideo; son más prevalentes las pacientes eutiroideas con anticuerpos positivos. El 19,8% presentó titulaciones de TPO-Ac positivas mientras que el 25,5% tiene niveles positivos de TG-Ac; al comparar los resultados de este estudio con reportes disponibles, existe una mayor titulación de estos dos anticuerpos en pacientes con melasma, comparado con la población que no presenta esta dermatosis. Conclusión: no se encontró asociación estadística entre melasma y titulaciones de anticuerpos antitiroideos, sin embargo, se encontró una elevada proporción de anticuerpos incluso superior a la reportada en poblaciones sanas, siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa para TG-Ac. (AU)

Context: Melasma is a common dermatosis in the country; predominates in women. Globally there is limited and controversial information on the relationship between melasma and thyroid autoimmunity. In the country there are no studies on this association. If it were the case, patients with melasma would have a high risk of suffering thyroid pathologies. Objective: to characterize the association between melasma and thyroid autoimmunity in women older than 18 years. Material and methods: cross-sectional study in women older than 18 years of age who attend an outpatient clinic of the Dermatology Service of the Hospital San Francisco de Quito, belonging to the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security IESS, in the period April 2014-June 2015, diagnosed as melasma . Main measurements: information was obtained from the electronic medical record of each patient and a personal interview; then biological samples were obtained to determine the presence of antithyroperoxidase antibody, antithyroglobulin and thyroid stimulating hormone in blood. The association between antibody titers, severity and etiology of melasma was estimated by logistic regression. Results: 47.17% of women presented with thyroid disorder; euthyroid patients with positive antibodies are more prevalent. 19.8% had positive TPO-Ac titers while 25.5% had positive levels of TG-Ac. When comparing the results of this study with available reports, there is a greater titration of these two antibodies in patients with melasma, compared to the population that does not present this dermatosis. Conclusion: No statistical association was found between melasma and antithyroid antibody titres. However, a high proportion of antibodies were found to be even higher than that reported in healthy populations, and this difference was statistically significant for TG-Ac.(AU)