The impact of genetic polymorphism for detecting genotoxicity in workers occupationally exposed to formaldehyde: A systematic review.

Formaldehyde is a chemical compound capable of preserving cells and tissue morphology, being extensively used worldwide in industrial and medical processes. However, due to the many biological effects that take place after an individual is chronically exposed to formaldehyde, this compound poses a greater cancer risk for workers under its occupational exposure, even at lower concentrations. Thus, the present systematic review aimed to understand whether there may be a positive relation between polymorphism (in terms of individual susceptibility) and genotoxicity in individuals occupationally exposed to formaldehyde. For this purpose, a total of eight selected studies were carefully analyzed by two reviewers, who attributed scores to each study according to the used analysis parameters. First, all studies investigated either pathologists under formaldehyde exposure or anatomical laboratory pathology workers. In addition, the majority of studies were categorized as moderate or strong in the quality assessment. The results revealed a positive association between some polymorphism and genotoxicity in individuals exposed to formaldehyde, since more than half of the studies observed positive relations between genotoxicity and polymorphisms in xenobiotics metabolizing genes. We understand such parameters influence individuals' susceptibility to genomic damage induced by formaldehyde in peripheral blood. In conclusion, individuals with certain genotypes may show higher or lower DNA damage and/or lower or higher DNA repair potential.

Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway in the ocular cells of rat fetuses exposed to maternal saturated fat ingestion.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze possible alterations (morphological and inflammatory) in the ocular cells of fetuses from mothers with insulin resistance exposed to saturated fatty acids through the period of pregnancy. METHODS: Wistar female rats were induced to develop insulin resistance before pregnancy. Fetuses' skulls were collected on the 20th day of intrauterine life. The rats were separated on the first day of management into two groups according to the diet applied: control group (C): diet containing soybean oil as a source of fat; and saturated fatty acid group (S): diet containing butter as a source of fat. RESULTS: Histological and immunohistochemical analyses have been conducted. The immunohistochemical analyses of interleukin 6, suppressor of cytokine signaling, 3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 did not demonstrate alterations in the expression of proteins in the fetuses of mothers fed with a saturated fatty diet. Moreover, no histopathological changes were noticed between groups. CONCLUSION: The saturated fatty diet does not induce tissue changes or activate the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway during eye development in the fetuses of mothers with insulin resistance.

Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway in the ocular cells of rat fetuses exposed to maternal saturated fat ingestion

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze possible alterations (morphological and inflammatory) in the ocular cells of fetuses from mothers with insulin resistance exposed to saturated fatty acids through the period of pregnancy. METHODS: Wistar female rats were induced to develop insulin resistance before pregnancy. Fetuses' skulls were collected on the 20th day of intrauterine life. The rats were separated on the first day of management into two groups according to the diet applied: control group (C): diet containing soybean oil as a source of fat; and saturated fatty acid group (S): diet containing butter as a source of fat. RESULTS: Histological and immunohistochemical analyses have been conducted. The immunohistochemical analyses of interleukin 6, suppressor of cytokine signaling, 3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 did not demonstrate alterations in the expression of proteins in the fetuses of mothers fed with a saturated fatty diet. Moreover, no histopathological changes were noticed between groups. CONCLUSION: The saturated fatty diet does not induce tissue changes or activate the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway during eye development in the fetuses of mothers with insulin resistance.