[Effect of Rhodiola rosea on the yield of mutation alterations and DNA repair in bone marrow cells]. / Vliianie ékstraktov rodioly rozovoi na vykhod mutatsionnykh izmenenii i reparatsiiu DNK v kletkakh kostnogo mozga.

The study was made of the influence of the Rhodiola rosea extracts administration on chromosome aberrations, production of cells with micronuclei and unscheduled DNA synthesis in bone marrow cells of mice under action of mutagens cyclophosphamide and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU). It was found that Rhodiola rosea extracts reduce significantly the yield of cells with the chromosome aberrations and micronuclei induced by cyclophosphamide in vivo, inhibit unscheduled DNA synthesis induced by NMU in vitro. It is emphasized that Rhodiola rosea extracts are antimutagens due to ability to raise the efficiency of the intracell DNA repair mechanisms.

[Antimutagenic properties of Angelica archangelica L]. / Antimutagennye svoistva dudnika lekarstvennogo.

The antimutagenic activity of Angelica archangelica L. aqueous and alcohol extracts of thio-TEPA against mutagenicity was examined by the micronucleus test in murine bone marrow cells. The reduction of Thio-TEPA's mutagenic activity was more profound when the extracts were injected 2 hours before thio-TEPA treatment, as seen during simultaneous treatment. The observed reduction of micronuclear frequencies was as high as 77%.

[An antimutagenicity study of bioginseng]. / Izuchenie antimutagennosti biozhen'shenia.

We studied antimutagenic properties of bioginseng, a biotechnological product obtained from the callus culture of the ginseng root cells by alcohol extraction (bioginseng-1) and lyophilization (bioginseng-2). We have estimated the frequency of sister-chromatid exchange and chromosome aberrations in the culture of Chinese hamster cells, of chromosome aberrations in cells of the Ehrlich-ICF ascite strain, and of micronuclei in the mouse bone marrow cells. The bioginseng exerted an antimutagenic effect with respect to nitrosomethylurea and cyclophosphamide. The sister-chromatid change in the culture of Chinese hamster cells decreased under the influence of bioginseng due, apparently, to enhanced DNA repair. The most distinct protective effect was observed when ginseng was introduced 2 h prior to the cell treatment with mutagens.

[Adaptation to chemical mutagens]. / K voprosu ob adaptatsii k khimicheskim mutagenam.

Pre-adaptation of normal and tumor cells to the action of methylnitrosourea was studied. To attain these ends, a single low dose (10 mg/kg) was administered to animals two hours prior to the administration of main therapeutic dose (100 mg/kg) and the number of chromosomal rearrangements was determined. A significant decrease in translocation incidence was observed in metaphases of Ehrlich-ICP ascitic strain. Similar results were obtained on cells of murine bone marrow. The mechanisms of pre-adaptation to the action is discussed.

[Study of antimutagenic properties of bio-ginseng in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo]. / Izuchenie antimutagennykh svoistv biozhen'sheniia na kletkakh mlekopitaiushchikh in vitro i in vivo.

The impact was studied of bio-ginseng produced from ginseng callus cells on the rate of chromosome rearrangements in Chinese hamster cells and in continuous tumor cells of mice (Ehrlich strain). Bio-ginseng reduced rate of spontaneous SCE as well as the level of mitomycin C-induced chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster cells. It protected ascitic tumor cells (Ehrlich strain) against the mutagen action of urea nitrosomethyl.

[Participation of DNA repair processes in altering the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in inflammatory diseases]. / Uchastie protsessov reparatsii DNK v izmenenii chastoty sestrinskikh khromatidnykh obmenov v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi pri vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh.

A negative correlation has been established when comparing the data on sister chromatid exchange frequency and DNA repair capabilities of lymphocytes in patients with non-specific inflammatory pulmonary diseases. The role of DNA repair mechanisms in the alteration of sister chromatid exchange frequency in lymphocytes is discussed.

[Polymorphism of a tumor ce-l population and selection processes. IV. The effect of dibunol and nitrosourea on the variability of Ehrlich-I. Ch. Ph. ascitic strain tumor cells]. / Polimorfizm populiatsii opukholevykh kletok i selektivnye protsessy. IV. Vliianie dibunola i nitrozomocheviny na izmenchivost' opukholevykh kletok astsitnogo shtamma Erlikha-IKhF.

A study was made of the effect of dibunol and methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) on two tumor cell subpopulations of the Ehrlich-I. Ch. Ph. ascites strain, one of which is characterized with A + B + 2C and A + D + 2C--markers and the other one--with A1 + A2 + 2B + D + C markers. Dibunol that belongs to the class of inhibitors of free-radical processes was shown to bring about changes in cell subpopulations, the mode of changes depending on the dose and regime of treatment. The effect of MNU on the population resulted predominantly in the accumulation of cells with various chromosome aberrations. At early stages of tumor progression, aberrations were more pronounced in cells with marker chromosome "A" than in the cells with 44 chromosomes and markers A1 + A2 + 2B + D + C.

[Polymorphism of a tumor cell population and selective processes. III. A change in the correlation of tumor cell subpopulations of the ascitic strain of Ehrlich-I.Ch.Ph. under the influence of glucose and sodium succinate]. / Polimorfizm populiatsii opukholevykh kletok i selektivnye protsessy. III. Izmenenie sootnosheniia subpopuliatsii opukholevykh kletok astsitnogo shtamma Erlikha-TKhF pod vliianiem gliukozy i suktsinata natriia.

A study was made of the action of glucose or sodium succinate on subpopulations of the Ehrlich-I.Ch.Ph. ascite strain characterised by markers "A1" and "A", resp. After i.p. injection of glucose the amount of "A1"-cell reached 50 and almost 100% on the 5th and 7th day of tumor growth. After the transplantation of "A1"-cells into intact animals, a homogenous cytogenetic feature of subpopulation persisted during 2 passages only. Kinetics studies of a subvariance of the Ehrlich-I.Ch.Ph. tumor containing "A1"-cells show that the tumor growth rate and grade of malignancy slightly differ from those seen in the controls.

[Polymorphism of a tumor cell population and selective processes. II. Change in the correlation of the numbers of 2 subpopulations of Ehrlich-Ich Ph ascites tumor cells in mice under the action of cell-free ascitic fluid and its fractions]. / Polimorfizm populiatsii opukholevykh klétok i selektivnye protsessy. II. Izmenenie sootnosheniia chislennostei dvukh subpopuliatsii opukholevykh kletok astsitnogo shtamma Erlikha-IKhF myshei pri deistvii beskletochni astsiticheskoi zhidkosti i ee fraktsii.

After repeated injections to mice of cell-free fluid the inhibition of growth of ascitic cell number was noticed already on the 5th day after transplantation of tumor. It was found that the inhibition of growth was due to the death of cells having 45 chromosomes, and containing A + B + 2C- and A + D + 2C-markers.

[Polymorphism of a population of tumor cells and selective processes. I. Ehrlich-IChPh ascitic strain tumor cell subpopulation]. / Polimorfizm populiatsii opukholevykh kletok i selektivnye protsessy. I. Subpopuliatsii opukholevykh kletok astsitnogo shtamma Erlikha-IKhF.

4 types of marker chromosomes and of their combination in mouse ascite Ehrlich-I. Ch. Ph. tumor cells are described. Two most frequently encountered subpopulations of cells are found in the tumor: one--with A+B+2C and A+D+2D markers, and the other--with A1+A2+2B+D1+C markers. The former population dominated during 8 days, to be gradually substituted with the former subpopulation. Changes in the number of cells with certain chromosome number in the near-diploid and near-tetraploid cell zones were followed within one passage.

[Cytogenetic characteristics of the growth of mouse ascitic strain L-5178]. / Tsitogeneticheskaia kharakteristika rosta astsitnogo shtamma L-5178 myshei

The number of chromosomes in the cells of L-5178 ascites tumor vary from 38 to 46. The modal class consists of two cell lines with 43 and 44 chromosomes. The number of polyploid cells changes in the process of tumor growth from 11% within first 10 days after transplantation to 50% on the 21st-22en days. The tumor cell population manifests a number of metaphases with endoreduplication of chromosomes. The per cent of metaphases with diplochromosomes varies from 0.05% on the 7th day of tumor development to 5.0% on the 15th-17th day. L-5178 tumor cells are characterized by the presence of structurally changed chromosomes: the acrocentric chromosome with the secondary constriction, metacentric, and 2-3 small chromosomes.