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Refined prediction of early relapse following standard-of-care (SoC) autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) could inform real-world risk-stratified post-ASCT strategies. We investigated the impact of double hit genetics (≥2 adverse markers: t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), gain(1q), del(17p)) on outcome in 139 NDMM patients who underwent SoC ASCT between January 2014 and October 2019 at our center. Double hit genetics were associated with a significantly shortened progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.27, P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR = 4.01, P = 0.03), and characterized most early relapses. Our results support the real-world utility of extended genetic profiling for improved risk prediction in NDMM.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Linfoma , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/terapia , Colina/análogos & derivados , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Humanos , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfoma/patologia , Linfoma/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Transplante de Células-Tronco , Transplante AutólogoAssuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Transplantados , Aloenxertos , Afinidade de Anticorpos , Transfusão de Sangue , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/transmissão , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Testes SorológicosRESUMO
Immunocompromised individuals were not included in formal trials of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Subsequent studies in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid organ transplantation recipients suggest inferior responses to vaccination. We determined antibody responses to a single dose of vaccines in one of the most vulnerable patient groups, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients. Pfizer-BioNTech (PB) or AstraZeneca (AZ) SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were administered at least 3 months post-transplantation to 55 adult allo-HCT recipients. We found that older age and concurrent use of immunosuppressive medications were significantly associated with lack of antibody response to vaccination. Only 21% of patients on systemic immunosuppression mounted a response, compared with 58% of patients not on immunosuppression (P = .006). We also show that responses to the AZ vaccine may be superior to responses to the PB vaccine in this cohort. These findings highlight the need for novel immunogenic vaccine formulations and schedules in these highest-risk patients, as well as continued public healthy safety measures to protect the most vulnerable members of our society.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Idoso , Anticorpos Antivirais , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Humanos , Imunogenicidade da Vacina , SARS-CoV-2 , VacinaçãoRESUMO
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: Total body irradiation (TBI) remains a key component of conditioning for allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), with interstitial pneumonitis (IP) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) important late sequelae. We undertook a retrospective service evaluation of TBI patients treated with a forward-planned intensity modulated radiotherapy technique (FP IMRT). MATERIAL/METHODS: 74 adult patients were identified; all received step and shoot FP IMRT TBI, 14.4 Gy in 8 fractions over 4 days. Mean doses to the lungs and kidneys were 12-12.5 Gy. Toxicities were defined as per CTCAE v4.0: IP as multilobar infiltrates on CT with symptoms of dyspnoea, and renal dysfunction as an Estimated Glomerular Filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for > 3 months. Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality (NRM), relapse risk and of acute and chronic GvHD. RESULTS: Patients received treatment for the following diagnosis: ALL/LBL (n = 37); AML (n = 33), CML-BC (n = 2) and High grade NHL (n = 2). The rate of IP due to any cause was 30%; positive microbiological evidence in 73% (16 /22). Idiopathic IP was seen in 8%, with only 4% (n = 3) having IP Grade ≥ 3. Two (4%) of 52 long term survivors developed CKD, one with thrombotic microangiopathy. 4 year NRM was 16% (CI 11-32%); no treatment related deaths in matched sibling or umbilical cord blood HSCT. CONCLUSION: FP IMRT TBI, reducing dose to the lungs and kidneys, has lower rates of idiopathic IP and CKD compared to the literature. This technique is safe and effective conditioning for full intensity HSCT.
Assuntos
Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Adulto , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Incidência , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/epidemiologia , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/etiologia , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/efeitos adversos , Transplante Homólogo , Irradiação Corporal Total/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The optimal reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed 417 patients > 45 years with ALL in first complete remission who underwent a matched sibling or unrelated allo-HSCT and compared outcomes between fludarabine/busulfan (FLUBU, n = 127), fludarabine/melphalan (FLUMEL, n = 190), and fludarabine-TBI (FLUTBI, n = 100) conditioning. At 2 years, there were no differences between the groups in terms of cumulative incidence (CI) of relapse (40% for FLUBU vs 36% for FLUMEL vs 41% for FLUTBI, p = 0.21); transplant-related mortality (TRM) (18% for FLUBU, 22% for FLUMEL, 14% for FLUTBI, p = 0.09); overall survival (55% for FLUBU, 50% for FLUMEL, 60% for FLUTBI, p = 0.62) or leukemia-free survival (43% for FLUBU, 42% for FLUMEL, 45% for FLUTBI, p = 0.99), but GVHD-relapse-free survival was significantly lower in the FLUTBI group than FLUBU and FLUMEL group (18% vs 35% vs 28%, p = 0.02). However, this difference was lost in the multivariate analysis when adjusted for the in vivo T-cell depletion. Finally, the FLUMEL regimen was shown to be an independent risk factor for a higher TRM (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.05-3.72, p = 0.04). We conclude that the three most popular RIC regimens yield similar transplant outcomes.
Assuntos
Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Bussulfano , Humanos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Sobrevida , Condicionamento Pré-TransplanteRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: For patients with primary refractory and relapsed acute leukaemias allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the only hope for cure, but morphological remission is not always achieved after standard salvage regimens. Here we review the experience with high-dose etoposide and cyclophosphamide (HD-Et/Cy) in relapsed/refractory acute leukaemias at the Royal Marsden Hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients (15 adults, 8 children) with refractory/relapsed acute myeloblastic (n = 18; 78%), lymphoblastic (n = 4; 17%) or biphenotypic (n = 1; 4%) leukaemia who had failed to respond to at least one previous line of chemotherapy received HD-Et/Cy at our institution between 2006 and 2015. RESULTS: Overall response rate was 21.7% (95%CI 4.0-40.0). Median overall survival was 14.8 months (95%CI 9.1-49.1). Eight (35%) patients (7 AML, 1 biphenotypic leukaemia) proceeded to allogeneic transplant after one cycle of HD-Et/Cy: four of them (50%; 3 adults, 1 child) in complete remission and another four children (50%) with aplastic bone marrow with scattered blasts. Among the transplant recipients, three with AML (38%), ie. one adult (responder) and two children with aplastic bone marrow with scattered blasts, became long-term survivors 9.8, 4.4 and 2.5 years post-HD-Et/Cy, respectively. Toxicity profile was comparable to similar regimens with no treatment-related deaths. The most common grade 3-4 toxicity was febrile neutropenia (96%). CONCLUSIONS: HD-Et/Cy can salvage patients with refractory/relapsed AML who remain candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation after failure of standard salvage regimens and do not have access to clinical trials.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores , Criança , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Etoposídeo/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Masculino , Recidiva , Retratamento , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We evaluated the outcomes for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) undergoing front-line chemotherapy at our institutions between 2002 and 2012. One hundred and fifty-six patients were eligible, comprising PTCL not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 50, 32.0%), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) (n = 44, 28.2%), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) ALK negative (n = 23, 14.7%), ALCL ALK positive (n = 16, 10.3%), and other (n = 23, 14.7%). Most patients received CHOP (66.0%) and 13.0% received an autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant (HPCT). With a median follow-up of 63.4 months, 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was 38.8% and 19.8% respectively. Independent risk factors for inferior OS were age >60 years, International Prognostic Index (IPI) ≥ 2 and lack of complete response to induction. When responding patients were compared by receipt of an autologous HPCT versus not, HPCT was associated with improved PFS (p = .001) and OS (p = .046) and remained significant for PFS in multivariate analysis suggesting a possible therapeutic benefit.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/mortalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores , Terapia Combinada , Quimioterapia de Consolidação , Feminino , Seguimentos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Humanos , Quimioterapia de Indução , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Recidiva , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento , Reino Unido , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Survival for transformed follicular lymphoma (tFL) has improved in the rituximab era and the need for upfront stem cell transplantation (SCT) is unclear. We evaluated the outcomes for all patients treated with first-line chemotherapy for histologically-proven tFL at our institution from 2003-2013 (n = 87). The majority of patients (89.7%) did not receive a SCT as part of first-line management. With a median follow-up of 7.8 years the 5-year overall survival (OS) for all patients was 61.7%. Patients treated with R-CHOP without upfront SCT (n = 55/87) had a 5-year OS of 64.3%. In a Cox regression analysis of the entire cohort (n = 87) International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk group and presence of B symptoms at transformation were independently associated with OS in multivariate analysis (MVA). Our analysis confirms the improved survival of tFL in the rituximab era even in the absence of upfront SCT consolidation.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Linfoma Folicular/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Folicular/patologia , Rituximab/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Linfoma Folicular/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Quimioterapia de Manutenção , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Indução de Remissão , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Rituximab/efeitos adversos , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is being increasingly explored as a treatment modality for older patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Yet, concerns regarding the long term outcome of transplantation in older patients limit the wide spread applicability of this approach. In this analysis we set out to determine the outcome of ALL patients over the age of 60 who underwent reduced intensity HSCT. Herein, we present the experience of the acute leukemia working party (ALWP) of the EBMT in this age group. We analyzed a cohort of 142 patients transplanted in first remission with a median age of 62 (range 60-76 years) and a median follow-up period of 36 months post-transplant. At 3 years, overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival were 42% and 35%, respectively. Multivariate analyses identified cytomegalovirus (CMV) donor-recipient matching (CMV D+/R+) to be significantly associated with inferior OS. Patients transplanted from unrelated donors experienced increased grade II-IV acute graft versus host disease compared to those receiving grafts from matched related donors [Hazard ratio (HR) of 3.7, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.75-7.8; p = 0.0005). Outcome was not impacted by Philadelphia chromosome status. A select subset of older ALL patients will benefit from extended survival and a disease free state following HSCT.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: From a global perspective, the rates of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) are closely related to the economic status of a country. However, a potential association with outcome has not yet been documented. The goal of this study was to evaluate effects of health care expenditure (HCE), Human Development Index (HDI), team density, and center experience on nonrelapse mortality (NRM) after HLA-matched sibling alloHCT for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 983 patients treated with myeloablative alloHCT between 2004 and 2008 in 24 European countries were included. RESULTS: In a univariate analysis, the probability of day 100 NRM was increased for countries with lower current HCE (8% vs. 3%; p = .06), countries with lower HDI (8% vs. 3%; p = .02), and centers with less experience (8% vs. 5%; p = .04). In addition, the overall NRM was increased for countries with lower current HCE (21% vs. 17%; p = .09) and HDI (21% vs. 16%; p = .03) and for centers with lower activity (21% vs. 16%; p = .07). In a multivariate analysis, the strongest predictive model for day 100 NRM included current HCE greater than the median (hazard ratio [HR], 0.39; p = .002). The overall NRM was mostly predicted by HDI greater than the median (HR, 0.65; p = .01). Both lower current HCE and HDI were associated with decreased probability of overall survival. CONCLUSION: Both macroeconomic factors and the socioeconomic status of a country strongly influence NRM after alloHCT for adults with ALL. Our findings should be considered when clinical studies in the field of alloHCT are interpreted.
Assuntos
Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/economia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/economia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/terapia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/mortalidade , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue do Cordão Umbilical/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Hematológicas/terapia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Análise de Sobrevida , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/métodos , Reino UnidoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The introduction of central venous catheters has advanced medical care, particularly in hemato-oncology. However these can be associated with an increased thrombotic risk. Previous studies have compared the rate of thrombotic events between peripherally- inserted (PICCs) and long term skin tunneled catheters (LTSTCs) noting fewer complications associated with the latter, though this has rarely translated into clinical practice. The objectives of our study was to compare the cumulative incidence of thrombotic events between peripherally-inserted and long term skin tunneled venous catheters. PATIENTS/METHODS: We performed a retrospective, single center cohort analysis of patients with hematological malignancies who had either a PICC or LTSTC line inserted between January 2010 through January 2013. Cumulative incidences of thrombotic events were compared between the two groups, and post-thrombotic complications were also examined. RESULTS: 346 patients had a PICC inserted with cumulative incidence of symptomatic thrombosis of 5.8%, while 237 patients had a LTSTC inserted with a cumulative incidence of 1.7% (p = 0.003). Post-thrombotic complication rates, particularly infection, were higher in the PICC group compared to the LTSTC group (p = 0.597). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that the incidence of thrombotic events in hemato-oncology patients was significantly lower in those who had a LTSTC compared to PICC line. As the use of central venous lines increases in hemato-oncology patient care, a randomized trial comparing PICCs and LTSTCs is necessary to address which venous access is most appropriate in this cohort of patients, with minimal risk of morbidity and mortality.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have a poor prognosis. Gemcitabine, methylprednisolone, cisplatin +/- rituximab (GEM-P+/-R) is a salvage regimen with limited overlap in toxicity with first-line therapy and short duration of inpatient delivery. METHODS: We assessed the efficacy and safety of GEM-P+/-R in a retrospective single-centre analysis including patients meeting criteria of ≥ 18 yr of age, histologically proven DLBCL, treated between 2001 and 2011 in second-line with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m(2) day 1, 8 and 15, methylprednisolone 1000 mg day 1-5, cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) day 15 (replaced with carboplatin AUC5 if contraindication/toxicity) +/- rituximab 375 mg/m(2) day 1 and 15, every 28 d. RESULTS: Forty-five patients aged 25-74 received a median of three cycles of GEM-P+/-R; 64% received rituximab. In 44 evaluable patients receiving GEM-P+/-R, overall response rate (ORR) was 48%; in 28 evaluable patients treated with rituximab + GEM-P (R-GEM-P), ORR was 61%. With median follow-up of 50.5 months (95% CI: 28.3-72.7), 3-yr overall survival (OS) from start of GEM-P+/-R was 31.4% (95% CI: 16.5-46.3); in patients treated with R-GEM-P, 3-yr OS was 49.1% (95% CI: 28.7-69.5). Predominant grade ≥ 3 toxicities were haematological; thrombocytopenia 69%, neutropenia 60% and febrile neutropenia 7%. CONCLUSION: R-GEM-P is a deliverable regimen with useful activity in second-line treatment of DLBCL. Our data suggest that rituximab should be given concurrently.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia de Salvação/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/efeitos adversos , Carboplatina/administração & dosagem , Carboplatina/efeitos adversos , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/efeitos adversos , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Esquema de Medicação , Substituição de Medicamentos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagem , Metilprednisolona/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Neutropenia/patologia , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rituximab , Análise de Sobrevida , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamente , Trombocitopenia/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento , GencitabinaRESUMO
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a relatively chemosensitive malignancy. However, for those who relapse, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant is the treatment of choice which relies on adequate disease control with salvage chemotherapy. Regimens commonly used often require inpatient administration and can be difficult to deliver due to toxicity. Gemcitabine and cisplatin have activity in HL, non-overlapping toxicity with first-line chemotherapeutics, and may be delivered in an outpatient setting. In this retrospective single-centre analysis, patients with relapsed or refractory HL treated with gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) day (D)1, D8 and D15; methylprednisolone 1,000 mg D1-5; and cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) D15, every 28 days (GEM-P) were included. Demographic, survival, response and toxicity data were recorded. Forty-one eligible patients were identified: median age 27. One hundred and twenty-two cycles of GEM-P were administered in total (median 3 cycles; range 1-6). Twenty of 41 (48 %) patients received GEM-P as second-line treatment and 11/41 (27 %) as third-line therapy. Overall response rate (ORR) to GEM-P in the entire cohort was 80 % (complete response (CR) 37 %, partial response 44 %) with 14/15 CR confirmed as a metabolic CR on PET and ORR of 85 % in the 20 second-line patients. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were haematological: neutropenia 54 % and thrombocytopenia 51 %. Median follow-up from the start of GEM-P was 4.5 years. Following GEM-P, 5-year progression-free survival was 46 % (95 % confidence interval (CI), 30-62 %) and 5-year overall survival was 59 % (95 % CI, 43-74 %). Fourteen of 41 patients proceeded directly to autologous transplant. GEM-P is a salvage chemotherapy with relatively high response rates, leading to successful transplantation in appropriate patients, in the treatment of relapsed or refractory HL.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/efeitos adversos , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/mortalidade , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagem , Metilprednisolona/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Sobrevida , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamente , Transplante Autólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , GencitabinaRESUMO
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a common complication following haematopoietic stem cell transplant but little is published about the impact of this condition on hospital readmission rates. We report a retrospective analysis of readmission rates and associated costs in 187 consecutive allogeneic transplant patients to assess the impact of GvHD. The overall readmission rate was higher in patients with GvHD (86% (101/118) vs. 59% (41/69), p < 0.001). The readmission rate was higher both in the first 100 d from transplant (p = 0.02) and in the first year following transplant (p < 0.001). 151/455 (33%) of all readmission episodes occurred within 100 d of transplant. The mean number of inpatient days was significantly higher in patients with grade III/IV acute GvHD (101 d) compared with those with grade I/II GvHD (70 d; p = 0.003). The mean cost of readmission was higher in patients with GvHD (£28 860) than in non-GvHD patients (£13 405; p = 0.002) and in patients with grade III/IV GvHD (£40 012) compared with those patients with grade I/II GvHD (£24 560; p = 0.038). Survival was higher in those with grade I/II GvHD (55%) compared to grade III/IV GvHD (14%; p < 0.001). This study shows the high economic burden and poor overall survival associated with grade III/IV GvHD.
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Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/economia , Neoplasias Hematológicas/economia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/economia , Readmissão do Paciente/economia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/economia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/diagnóstico , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/terapia , Neoplasias Hematológicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hematológicas/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Transplante Homólogo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Viral haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a significant complication after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), with a potential for major morbidity. The aim of this 7-year analysis of 1160 HSCT patients was to evaluate risk factors for the incidence, severity, toxicity of therapy, clinical course, and outcome of this condition. The overall incidence of HC was 5·8%, with most cases occurring after allogeneic HSCT. Unrelated donors (P = 0·001), non-peripheral blood stem cell source (P = 0·005), myeloablative conditioning (P<0·001), use of alemtuzumab in conditioning (P = 0·001), and severe acute graft versus host disease (P<0·001) were independent risk factors for an increased incidence of HC post-allogeneic transplant on multivariate analysis. Severe forms of HC were associated with grades II-IV acute graft versus host disease and a longer duration of haematuria. Contrary to previous studies which were carried out on smaller patient populations, busulphan, cyclophosphamide, anti-thymocyte globulin, and total body irradiation were not found to independently increase the risk of viral HC, unless used in a myeloablative combination. Neither duration of viriuria nor peak viral load in urine influenced the severity of HC on multivariate analysis. Severe HC contributed to the deaths of two patients. Overall survival was not statistically different between patient subgroups with non-severe and severe HC.