RESUMO
The respiratory effects of environmental pollution by asbestos inside university buildings were studied by comparing radiographic, clinical, and functional parameters among three groups of workers with different levels of exposure. Eight hundred and twenty-eight (828) people who worked for at least 15 yr in asbestos-insulated buildings and who were without known occupational exposure to asbestos (environmentally exposed group [EE]) were compared to a group of 252 workers with occupational exposure (occupationally exposed group [OE]), used as positive control; and to a group of 350 people with no known exposure to asbestos (nonexposed group [NE]), within the same university. After adjustment for confounding variables, no differences could be seen between groups EE and NE. Group OE exhibited a higher prevalence of pleural changes and lower lung functions than groups EE and NE.
Assuntos
Amianto/efeitos adversos , Materiais de Construção/efeitos adversos , Doenças Respiratórias/etiologia , Adulto , Exposição Ambiental , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Medidas de Volume Pulmonar , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Paris , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Fumar/efeitos adversosRESUMO
On the basis of a critical analysis of the literature, the authors review the various respiratory lesions imputed to the inhalation of hair lacquers. Pulmonary thesaurismosis is alleged to result from accumulation in the pulmonary parenchyma of non-biodegradable macro-molecules, such as PVP. Only isolated cases have been published and the true existence of this disease remains to be confirmed, in the absence of convincing epidemiological data as well as the lack of experimental reproducibility. Chronic inhalation of hair lacquers may, however, be responsible for bronchial irritative manifestations and obstruction of the small airways, in particular in hairdressers. Increase in the relative risk of bronchopulmonary carcinoma has not been proven.
Assuntos
Preparações para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Doenças Respiratórias/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Aerossóis , Animais , Broncopatias/etiologia , Neoplasias Brônquicas/etiologia , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiologia , Povidona/efeitos adversos , Doenças Respiratórias/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Respiratórias/diagnósticoRESUMO
Between 1975 and 1979, 137.526 annual X-ray examinations of the chest were performed among the employees of a large Paris administration. Fifty-four cases of tuberculosis, 28 cases of sarcoidosis, 10 cases of bronchial carcinoma and 26 miscellaneous chest diseases were detected. This study confirms the inadequacy of radiological examination for detecting chronic obstructive bronchopulmonary conditions. The small proportion of tuberculosis (0.39 p.1000) and bronchial carcinoma (0.07 p.1000) revealed by this method suggests that it should be reserved to high risk patients.