Angiomatous leiomyoma of the urachus: A rare entity masquerading as extraluminal gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

The urachus is a vestigial structure located between the dome of the bladder and the umbilicus, which results from the involution of the allantoic duct and the cloaca. Persistence of an embryonic urachal remnant can cause various problems during childhood and young adulthood. Urachal leiomyoma is a rare entity with very few cases being reported in literature. It can be misdiagnosed and confused with a wide spectrum of intra-abdominal or pelvic disorders. We hereby report a case of angiomatous leiomyoma originating from the urachal remnant in a 45-year-old lady, masquerading as extraluminal gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Understanding the embryological basis of these urachal disorders and their imaging features coupled with histopathological examination is crucial for the correct diagnosis and management. Pathological diagnosis is required to optimize the surgical approach and preclude unnecessary radical surgery.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of facial nerve: Presenting as parotid mass.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is very uncommon tumor of parotid gland and it is an uncommon spindle cell sarcoma accounting for approximately 5% of all soft-tissue sarcoma. There is strong association between MPNSTs and neurofibromatosis (NF-1) and previous irradiation. Structural abnormality of chromosome 17 is associated with NF-1 and so MPNST. We present a case of a 78-year-old male presenting with slowly growing parotid mass who underwent tumor resection.

Incidental cystic endocrine tumor of the pancreas: a case report with immunohistochemical study.

A large cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail was found incidentally in a 20-year-old female during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pre-operative work up had revealed calculi in gall bladder and in addition, a cystic lesion in pancreas suggesting the possibility of a pseudocyst. A laparoscopic enucleation of the cyst was performed along with the removal of gallbladder. Microscopic examination of the resected specimen revealed a pancreatic cystic endocrine tumor; however, this tumor had produced no symptoms. Immunohistochemical studies of the tumor cells showed positivity for neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, and synaptophysin indicating their neuroendocrine nature. Prognostic markers (CK19, CD10 and Ki67) indicated good prognosis. Although endocrine tumors of the pancreas are usually solid, cystic change occurs only rarely and such tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who have a cystic lesion in the pancreas in view of their rare transformation into a malignant tumor.