Effect of Human Adenovirus 36 on Response to Metformin Monotherapy in Obese Mexican Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Human adenovirus 36 (HAdV-36) has been associated with obesity and changes in glucose and lipid metabolism. The virus has been reported to increase insulin sensitivity and paradoxically promote weight gain. Because of its effects on metabolism, infection with the virus could alter the response to several drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes (DM2), such as metformin. The aim of this study was to test whether HAdV-36 affects the response to metformin in a group of obese patients with DM2. METHODS: In a prospective cohort study, 103 obese patients with newly diagnosed DM2 were divided into two groups based on their HAdV-36 seropositivity (+HAdV-36 and -HAdV-36). Weight, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist and hip circumference were measured and compared in both groups at baseline and after 45 days of metformin treatment. RESULTS: Only glucose was significantly lower in the +HAdV-36 group at baseline, while all other variables were similar between the two study groups. After 45 days of follow-up, it was observed that the effect of metformin did not differ between the groups, but the variables improved significantly after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we did not find that HAdV-36 had an effect on the response to metformin in obese patients with DM2.

Biografía mediática de la apropiación de medios de comunicación y TIC en I.E. en Cartago - Colombia / Media biography of the appropriation of media and ICT in I.E., in Cartago, Colombia / Biografia da mídia e apropriação das TIC em I.E. em Cartago - Colômbia

RESUMEN Se presentan resultados del proyecto de investigación, mapa de conocimiento del uso de medios de comunicación en instituciones educativas de básica y media realizado en Cartago, Colombia en la I.E. (Institución educativa) GABO, la I.E Ciudad Cartago y la I.E Antonio Holguín Garcés. La metodología aplicada fue cualitativa y se utiliza la Investigación Acción Participativa para la construcción de biografías mediáticas a modo de síntesis de resultados. Se identifica una desarticulación entre las políticas públicas e iniciativas del estado a nivel nacional con las dinámicas regionales, un interés particular de la Secretaria de Educación municipal en las acciones por la calidad educativa a nivel local y una postura positiva, crítica y significativa en el papel de las TIC y los medios de comunicación en los procesos de aprendizaje en los estudiantes.

ABSTRACT Results of the research project are presented, map of knowledge of the use of media in basic and medium educational institutions carried out in Cartago, Colombia, in I.E GABO, I.E Ciudad Cartago and I.E Antonio Holguín Garcés. The methodology applied was qualitative and Participatory Action Research is used for the construction of Media Biographies as a synthesis of results. A disarticulation is identified between public policies and initiatives of the state at the national level with regional dynamics, a particular interest of the municipal education secretary in actions for educational quality at the local level and a positive, critical posture and significant in the role of ICT and the media in student learning processes.

RESUMO São apresentados os resultados do projecto de investigação, mapa de conhecimento do uso dos media nas instituições de ensino básico e secundário realizado em Cartago, Colômbia, na I.E. (Instituição Educativa) GABO, na I.E. Ciudad Cartago e na I.E. Antonio Holguín Garcés. A metodologia aplicada foi qualitativa e utilizou a Investigação de Acção Participativa para a construção de biografias dos meios de comunicação como síntese de resultados. É identificada uma desarticulação entre políticas públicas e iniciativas estatais a nível nacional com dinâmica regional, um interesse particular da Secretaria Municipal de Educação nas acções para a qualidade educativa a nível local e uma posição positiva, crítica e significativa sobre o papel das TIC e dos media nos processos de aprendizagem dos estudantes.

Functional Food and Bioactive Compounds on the Modulation of the Functionality of HDL-C: A Narrative Review.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a serious public health problem and are the primary cause of death worldwide. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been identified as one of the most important molecules in the prevention of CVD due to its multiple anti-inflammatories, anti-atherogenic, and antioxidant properties. Currently, it has been observed that maintaining healthy levels of HDL-C does not seem to be sufficient if the functionality of this particle is not adequate. Modifications in the structure and composition of HDL-C lead to a pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant, and dysfunctional version of the molecule. Various assays have evaluated some HDL-C functions on risk populations, but they were not the main objective in some of these. Functional foods and dietary compounds such as extra virgin olive oil, nuts, whole grains, legumes, fresh fish, quercetin, curcumin, ginger, resveratrol, and other polyphenols could increase HDL functionality by improving the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity. Nevertheless, additional rigorous research basic and applied is required in order to better understand the association between diet and HDL functionality. This will enable the development of nutritional precision management guidelines for healthy HDL to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults. The aim of the study was to increase the understanding of dietary compounds (functional foods and bioactive components) on the functionality of HDL.

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses provide insights into the developmental origins of neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is a pediatric tumor of the developing sympathetic nervous system. However, the cellular origin of neuroblastoma has yet to be defined. Here we studied the single-cell transcriptomes of neuroblastomas and normal human developing adrenal glands at various stages of embryonic and fetal development. We defined normal differentiation trajectories from Schwann cell precursors over intermediate states to neuroblasts or chromaffin cells and showed that neuroblastomas transcriptionally resemble normal fetal adrenal neuroblasts. Importantly, neuroblastomas with varying clinical phenotypes matched different temporal states along normal neuroblast differentiation trajectories, with the degree of differentiation corresponding to clinical prognosis. Our work highlights the roles of oncogenic MYCN and loss of TFAP2B in blocking differentiation and may provide the basis for designing therapeutic interventions to overcome differentiation blocks.

Super enhancers define regulatory subtypes and cell identity in neuroblastoma.

Half of the children diagnosed with neuroblastoma (NB) have high-risk disease, disproportionately contributing to overall childhood cancer-related deaths. In addition to recurrent gene mutations, there is increasing evidence supporting the role of epigenetic deregulation in disease pathogenesis. Yet, comprehensive cis-regulatory network descriptions from NB are lacking. Here, using genome-wide H3K27ac profiles across 60 NBs, covering the different clinical and molecular subtypes, we identified four major super-enhancer-driven epigenetic subtypes and their underlying master regulatory networks. Three of these subtypes recapitulated known clinical groups; namely, MYCN-amplified, MYCN non-amplified high-risk and MYCN non-amplified low-risk NBs. The fourth subtype, exhibiting mesenchymal characteristics, shared cellular identity with multipotent Schwann cell precursors, was induced by RAS activation and was enriched in relapsed disease. Notably, CCND1, an essential gene in NB, was regulated by both mesenchymal and adrenergic regulatory networks converging on distinct super-enhancer modules. Overall, this study reveals subtype-specific super-enhancer regulation in NBs.

Errores de medicación en pacientes pediátricos en un hospital universitario en Medellín Colombia, un estudio de corte transversal / Medication errors in pediatric patients in an academic hospital in Medellin Colombia. A cross-sectional study

Resumen Introducción: Una tercera parte de los Errores en la atención en salud se ha relacionado a Errores de medicación; con una incidencia 3 veces mayor en pediatría con respecto a los pacientes adultos. Una estrategia recomendada para mejorar la gestión describe adoptar un sistema de notificación que permita la detección, identificación de causas e implementación de acciones enfocadas a la prevención. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y caracterizar los errores de medicación en el servicio de pediatría reportados en el Sistema de notificación y gestión de riesgo clínico de un hospital universitario entre el 2017 y 2018. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal. Se cuantificó la proporción de errores de medicación en el servicio de pediatría a partir de un informe del Sistema de notificación de riesgo clínico entre el año 2017 y 2018. Los errores de medicación se clasificaron por proceso de ocurrencia, tipo de error, subgrupo y gravedad. Para el análisis se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se generaron 669 reportes de eventos adversos, 376 (56,20%) estaban relacionados con medicamentos. La tasa calculada de errores fue 7,71 por cada 1000 paciente-días. La mayoría de los errores de medicación se clasificaron como Error sin daño (categoría B y C), 176 ambas subcategorías (352 total) para un 93,62% del total de errores. El proceso de prescripción reportó la mayoría de los errores 59,84%. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los errores de medicación reportados se relacionaron con la prescripción, clasificándose principalmente como errores sin daño. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(2):33-40.

Abstract Introduction: A third of medical errors has been related to medication errors. In the pediatric population, an incidence of medication errors 3 times higher compared to adults has been described. A recommended strategy to improve medication errors risk management describes the adoption of a notification system that allows detection, identification of causes and the implementation of activities focused on prevention. Objective: To determine the prevalence and to characterize medication errors in the pediatric service reported in the clinical risk management and notification system of an academic hospital in 2017 and 2018. Methodology: Cross-sectional study. The proportion of medication errors in the pediatric department was quantified from a report of the Clinical Risk notification System for 2017 and 2018. Medication errors were grouped according to process, type of error, subgroup and gravity. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. Outcomes: 669 reports of adverse events were generated in the pediatric service, 376 (56,20%) were related to medications. The error rate was 7,71 per-1000 patient days. Most of the errors were classified as Error without damage (category B and C), 176 both subcategories (total 352), representing 93,62 % of the total of errors. The prescription process was the one that most reported errors 59,84%. Conclusions: Most of the reported medication errors were related to the prescription. The main were classified in the errors without damage category. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(2):33-40.

Coexistence of thyroid disease and oral lichen planus in a Colombian population.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of unknown etiology. OLP has recently been linked to thyroid disease, mainly hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disease in Colombian patients with OLP. A total of860 clinical records of patients attending the clinics of oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery at IPS CES Sabaneta, Colombia, between 2010 and 2016 were reviewed. Fourteen patients (1.6%) had a diagnosis of OLP. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with OLP was 35.7%, compared to 3.95% in the entire study population (OR 15.92, 95% CI: 5.63-50.09, P = 0.0001). Patients with concomitant hypothyroidism and OLP presented with less severe oral lesions compared to those without thyroid disease. This study supports the notion that patients with OLP should be screened for thyroid disease.

El liquen plano oral (LPO) es una enfermedad mucocutánea inflamatoria crónica de etiología desconocida. El LPO ha sido asociado recientemente con la enfermedad de la tiroides, especialmente con hipotiroidismo. El objetivo con este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad de la tiroides en pacientes colombianos con LPO. Un total de 860 historias clínicas de pacientes que asistieron entre 2010 y 2016 a las clínicas de medicina oral y de cirugía oral y maxilofacial de la IPS CES Sabaneta, Colombia, fueron revisadas. Catorce pacientes (1.6%) habían sido diagnosticados con LPO. La prevalencia de hipotiroidismo en pacientes con LPO fue 35.7%, comparada con 3.95% en toda la población de estudio (RM 15.92, 95% IC: 5.63-50.09, P = 0.0001). Pacientes con hipotiroidismo y LPO concomitante presentaron lesiones orales menos severas comparado con aquellos sin enfermedad de la tiroides. Este estudio respalda la idea de que se debe investigar la presencia de enfermedad de la tiroides en pacientes con LPO.

Coexistence of thyroid disease and oral lichen planus in a Colombian population / Coexistencia de enfermedad de la tiroides y liquen plano oral en una población colombiana

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of unknown etiology. OLP has recently been linked to thyroid disease, mainly hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disease in Colombian patients with OLP. A total of860 clinical records of patients attending the clinics of oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery at IPS CES Sabaneta, Colombia, between 2010 and 2016 were reviewed. Fourteen patients (1.6%) had a diagnosis of OLP. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with OLP was 35.7%, compared to 3.95% in the entire study population (OR 15.92, 95% CI: 5.63-50.09, P = 0.0001). Patients with concomitant hypothyroidism and OLP presented with less severe oral lesions compared to those without thyroid disease. This study supports the notion that patients with OLP should be screened for thyroid disease.

El liquen plano oral (LPO) es una enfermedad mucocutánea inflamatoria crónica de etiología desconocida. El LPO ha sido asociado recientemente con la enfermedad de la tiroides, especialmente con hipotiroidismo. El objetivo con este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad de la tiroides en pacientes colombianos con LPO. Un total de 860 historias clínicas de pacientes que asistieron entre 2010 y 2016 a las clínicas de medicina oral y de cirugía oral y maxilofacial de la IPS CES Sabaneta, Colombia, fueron revisadas. Catorce pacientes (1.6%) habían sido diagnosticados con LPO. La prevalencia de hipotiroidismo en pacientes con LPO fue 35.7%, comparada con 3.95% en toda la población de estudio (RM 15.92, 95% IC: 5.63-50.09, P = 0.0001). Pacientes con hipotiroidismo y LPO concomitante presentaron lesiones orales menos severas comparado con aquellos sin enfermedad de la tiroides. Este estudio respalda la idea de que se debe investigar la presencia de enfermedad de la tiroides en pacientes con LPO.

[Association analysis of SNP-63 and indel-19 variant in the calpain-10 gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in women of reproductive age]. / Análisis de asociación del SNP-63 y la variante indel-19 del gen de calpaína-10 con síndrome de ovario poliquístico en mujeres en edad reproductiva.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex and heterogeneous disease involving both reproductive and metabolic problems. It has been suggested a genetic predisposition in the etiology of this syndrome. The identification of calpain-10 gene (CAPN10) as the first candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has focused the interest in investigating their possible relation with the polycystic ovary syndrome, because this syndrome is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, two metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: To investigate if there is association between the SNP-63 and the variant indel-19 of the CAPN10 gene and polycystic ovary syndrome in women of reproductive age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 101 women (55 with polycystic ovary syndrome and 46 without polycystic ovary syndrome). The genetic variant indel-19 was identified by electrophoresis of the amplified fragments by PCR, and the SNP-63 by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The allele and genotype frequencies of the two variants do not differ significatly between women with polycystic ovary syndrome and control women group. The haplotype 21 (defined by the insertion allele of indel-19 variant and C allele of SNP-63) was found with higher frequency in both study groups, being more frequent in the polycystic ovary syndrome patients group, however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.8353). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that SNP-63 and indel-19 variant of the CAPN10 gene do not represent a risk factor for polycystic ovary syndrome in our patients group.

Follistatin improves skeletal muscle healing after injury and disease through an interaction with muscle regeneration, angiogenesis, and fibrosis.

Recovery from skeletal muscle injury is often incomplete because of the formation of fibrosis and inadequate myofiber regeneration; therefore, injured muscle could benefit significantly from therapies that both stimulate muscle regeneration and inhibit fibrosis. To this end, we focused on blocking myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-ß superfamily and a negative regulator of muscle regeneration, with the myostatin antagonist follistatin. In vivo, follistatin-overexpressing transgenic mice underwent significantly greater myofiber regeneration and had less fibrosis formation compared with wild-type mice after skeletal muscle injury. Follistatin's mode of action is likely due to its ability to block myostatin and enhance neovacularization. Furthermore, muscle progenitor cells isolated from follistatin-overexpressing mice were significantly superior to muscle progenitors isolated from wild-type mice at regenerating dystrophin-positive myofibers when transplanted into the skeletal muscle of dystrophic mdx/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. In vitro, follistatin stimulated myoblasts to express MyoD, Myf5, and myogenin, which are myogenic transcription factors that promote myogenic differentiation. Moreover, follistatin's ability to enhance muscle differentiation is at least partially due to its ability to block myostatin, activin A, and transforming growth factor-ß1, all of which are negative regulators of muscle cell differentiation. The findings of this study suggest that follistatin is a promising agent for improving skeletal muscle healing after injury and muscle diseases, such as the muscular dystrophies.

Pertinencia en el manejo del paciente hipertenso en Assbasalud ESE Manizales 2008 / Relevancy in the handling of the patient with hypertension in Assbasalud E.S.E. Manizales 2008

Objetivo: Revisar las historias clínicas de los pacientes hipertensos inscritos en el programa de Hipertensión de ASSBASALUD E.S.E Manizales, Colombia, durante los años 2004-2007 con el fin de verificar el manejo farmacológico y no farmacológico, el consumo de otros medicamentos no antihipertensivos y el registro del daño en el órgano blanco en la población estudiada. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes hipertensos, controlados y vigilados en el programa de Hipertensión arterial, en la clínica la Enea y los centros de salud: IPC-Galán, Fátima, Aranjuez y el Tablazo, de ASSBASALUD ESE y ubicados en el perí­metro urbano del Municipio de Manizales. Caldas. Colombia.Resultados: De acuerdo a lo registrado en la Historia clínica se encontró dañoo del órgano blanco en un 34,12 por ciento. En un 72,04 por ciento se evidenció uso de medicamentos adecuados de acuerdo a las guías de manejo de la Hipertensión. La combinación terapéutica más usada fue la de hidroclorotiazida con captopril con un 8,50 por ciento del total de los casos revisados. Se halló que un 34.60 por ciento de los pacientes registrados en el programa están clasificados como pre-hipertensos y un 89,6 por ciento de los trabajadores de la salud entrevistados dijeron conocer las guías de manejo. Conclusión: Llama la atención un alto número de pacientes con daño en el órgano blanco, no obstante se desconoce si el daño ya estaba desde antes de su inscripción en el programa. Un 28 por ciento de la población estudiada no recibe la medicación adecuada. Se considera bajo que solo el 89 por ciento de los trabajadores de la salud conozca las guías de manejo de la hipertensión. Se considera favorable que haya habido un descenso de la presión arterial diastólica en 60,7 por ciento y de la Sistólica en un 56,9 por cientoâ.

The personal interview: assessing the potential for personality similarity to bias the selection of orthopaedic residents.

PURPOSE: The selection of medical students for training in orthopaedic surgery consists of an objective screening of cognitive skills to secure interviews for the brightest candidates, followed by subjective measures of candidates to confirm whether applicants are worthy of further consideration. The personal interview and its potential biased impact on the orthopaedic workforce were evaluated. METHOD: During 2004-2006 at the Penn State College of Medicine, the authors performed a prospective cohort study in which 30 consenting interviewers and 135 interviewees completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator before the interviews. Completed surveys were evaluated after submitting the resident selection list to the National Residency Matching Program, and candidate rankings based solely on the personal interview were analyzed. RESULTS: Clinicians ranked candidates more favorably when they shared certain personality preferences (P = .044) and when they shared the preference groupings of the quadrant extrovert-sensing and either the function pair sensing-thinking (P = .007) or the temperament sensing-judging (P = .003), or the function pair sensing-feeling and the temperament sensing-judging (P = .029). No associations existed between personality preferences and interviewee rankings performed by basic scientists and resident interviewers. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the hypothesis that, within the department studied, there was a significant association between similarities in personality type and the rankings that individual faculty interviewers assigned to applicants at the completion of each interview session. The authors believe that it is important for the faculty member to recognize that this tendency exists. Finally, promoting diversity within the admission committee may foster a diverse resident body and orthopaedic workforce.

Construcción de subjetividad en jóvenes raperos y raperas: más allá de la experiencia mediática / Construção da subjetividade em jovens raperos e raperas: além da experiência mediática / Construction of subjectivity in both male and female young rapper

La construcción de una subjetividad que gira en torno a la experiencia con el Rap, es un fenómeno complejo en el que se distingue tanto la variedad de experiencias que se acumulan en una interacción social múltiple, como la variedad de escenarios donde estos encuentros e intercambios tienen lugar. Los mass media constituyen un importante escenario y agente promotor del acercamiento entre sujetos y objetos culturales, como por ejemplo entre los jóvenes y las jóvenes, y el Rap; sin embargo, en la elección por parte de los primeros hacia los segundos, como referente nodal en la constitución de sus subjetividades, esta experiencia es tratada de modo alterno junto con otras, dentro de las cuales se destaca la que se desarrolla en el barrio, en la calle, junto a los pares. El estudio sociológico de los jóvenes, las jóvenes, y el Rap, se funda, por tanto, en la observación cuidadosa de las diversas experiencias del sujeto, de los escenarios en los cuales éstas se desarrollan y de los momentos (temporalidad subjetiva y social) en los cuales ellas tienen lugar, todo ello previo a la interpretación, para no caer en generalidades abstractas.

A construção da subjetividade que gira ao redor da experiência com a musica Rap é um fenômeno complexo que apresenta uma variedade de experiências que se acumulam numa interação social múltipla, como a variedade de cenários onde estes encontros e trocos têm lugar. Os meios de comunicação de massa constituem um cenário importante e um agente promotor da aproximação entre sujeitos e objetos culturais, como por exemplo, entre os jovens, as jovens e a musica Rap. Não obstante, na eleição da parte dos primeiros respeito aos segundos, como referente nodal na constituição de subjetividades, esta experiência é tratada duma maneira alterna junto com outras, entre as quais vale a pena destacar aquela desenvolvida no bairro, na rua, junto aos pares. O estudo sociológico dos jovens, das jovens e da musica Rap baseia-se, por tanto, na observação cuidadosa das diversas experiências do sujeito, dos cenários onde elas se desenvolvem, e dos momentos (temporalidade subjetiva e social) quando elas se apresentam; tudo isso anterior à interpretação, para não cair em generalidades abstratas.

The construction of subjectivity that revolves around the experience with Rap music is a complex phenomenon in which we can distinguish both the variety of experiences that are accumulated in a multiple social interaction and the variety of scenarios where these encounters and exchanges take place. The mass media are an important scenario and an agent that promotes the approaching between cultural subjects and objects, for example, between male and female youngsters and Rap. However, in the election of male toward female youngsters, as the key referent in the constitution of their subjectivities, this experience with the mass media is alternatively treated along with others, where the subjectivities developed in the neighborhood, on the street and with peers have a prominent place. The sociological study of the male and female youths and Rap is based, thus, on the careful observation of the diverse experiences of the subjects, of the scenarios and of the moments (subjective and social temporality) where and when these experiences are developed. All of this is preliminary to interpretation, not to fall in abstract reasoning.

Stem cells for the treatment of skeletal muscle injury.

Skeletal muscle injuries are extremely common, accounting for up to 35%-55% of all sports injuries and quite possibly affecting all musculoskeletal traumas. These injuries result in the formation of fibrosis, which may lead to the development of painful contractures, increases patients' risk for repeat injuries, and limits their ability to return to a baseline or pre-injury level of function. The development of successful therapies for these injuries must consider the pathophysiology of these musculoskeletal conditions. We discuss the direct use of muscle-derived stem cells and some key cell population dynamics as well as the use of clinically applicable modalities that may enhance the local supply of stem cells to the zone of injury by promoting angiogenesis.

Angiotensin II receptor blockade administered after injury improves muscle regeneration and decreases fibrosis in normal skeletal muscle.

BACKGROUND: Several therapeutic agents have been shown to inhibit fibrosis and improve regeneration after injury in skeletal muscle by antagonizing transforming growth factor-beta1. Angiotensin receptor blockers have been shown to have a similar effect on transforming growth factor-beta1 in a variety of tissues. HYPOTHESIS: Systemic treatment of animals after injury of skeletal muscle with an angiotensin receptor blocker may decrease fibrosis and improve regeneration, mainly through transforming growth factor-beta1 blockade, and can be used to improve skeletal muscle healing after injury. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. METHODS: Forty mice underwent bilateral partial gastrocnemius lacerations. Mice were assigned randomly to a control group (tap water), a low-dose angiotensin receptor blocker group (losartan, 0.05 mg/mL), or a high-dose angiotensin receptor blocker group (0.5 mg/mL). The medication was dissolved in tap water and administered enterally. Mice were sacrificed 3 or 5 weeks after injury, and the lacerated muscles were examined histologically for muscle regeneration and fibrosis. RESULTS: Compared with control mice at 3 and 5 weeks, angiotensin receptor blocker-treated mice exhibited a histologic dose-dependent improvement in muscle regeneration and a measurable reduction in fibrous tissue formation within the area of injury. CONCLUSION: By modulating the response to local and systemic angiotensin II, angiotensin receptor blocker therapy significantly reduced fibrosis and led to an increase in the number of regenerating myofibers in acutely injured skeletal muscle. The clinical implications for this application of angiotensin receptor blockers are potentially far-reaching and include not only sports- and military-related injuries, but also diseases such as the muscular dystrophies and trauma- and surgery-related injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Angiotensin receptor blockers may provide a safe, clinically available treatment for improving healing after skeletal muscle injury.

MIB-1 como marcador de proliferación celular del cartílago articular en el cóndilo mandibular, articulación costocondral, extremo esternal de la clavícula y cuarto metatarsiano / MIB-1 as a cell proliferation marker of articular cartilage in the mandibular condyle, costo-chondral articulation, sternal extreme of the clavicle and the fourth metatarsian bone

El objetivo de este estudio fue probar el MIB-1 como método para la evaluación de la proliferación celular del cartílago articular del cóndilo mandibular, el extremo esternal de la clavícula, la unión costocondral y el cuarto metatarsiano y además corroborar y comparar los resultados histológicos de estudios anteriores. El estudio se realizó en 6 cadáveres humanos con menos de 12 horas de fallecidos a los cuales se les extrajo un cóndilo, una clavícula, una quinta costilla y un cuarto metatarsiano. Se encontró que el MIB-1 no es apto para el uso con tejido cartilaginoso ya que la técnica involucra el uso de horno microondas las cuales desprenden los especímenes de las placas utilizadas en inmunohistoquímica. Se corroboran resultados de otros estudios que muestran que macroscópicamente el metatarsiano es más parecido al cóndilo mandibular, pero la clavícula tiene una similitud mayor desde el punto de vista histológico...