RESUMO
Introducción: la histiocitosis sinusal con linfadenopatía masiva (HSLM) es un trastorno histiocítico benigno que afecta con mayor frecuencia a adultos jóvenes. La afectación ósea es poco frecuente y se suele presentar en huesos largos. Presentación del caso: hombre de 38 años con diagnóstico de HSLM según biopsia de nódulo cutáneo. Seis meses después del diagnóstico, presentó dolor mecánico en el pie derecho, por lo que asistió a una nueva consulta. Se realizó exploración física y radiografía simple, encontrando una lesión lítica en el hueso cuneiforme medial que posteriormente fue confirmada con tomografía computarizada y resonancia magnética nuclear. Por lo anterior, se realizó la resección de la lesión lítica, curetaje y relleno con cemento de fosfato de calcio HydraSet (Stryker®). Se realizaron pruebas inmunohistoquímicas y estudio anatomopatológico en el tejido resecado, evidenciando tinción de proteínas CD68 y S100 positivas, y tinción de proteina CD1a negativa, así como proliferación histiocitaria. Un año después de la cirugía, el paciente se encontraba asintomático y realizaba actividades sin ninguna restricción.Conclusiones: esta enfermedad es poco frecuente; no obstante, debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones líticas en huesos, especialmente cuando hay lesiones en otras partes del cuerpo
Introduction: Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), also known as Rosai-Dorfman disease, is a benign histiocytic disorder most commonly found in young adults. Bone involvement is rare and usually occurs in long bones.Case presentation: 38-year-old man diagnosed with SHML based on skin lesion biopsy. Six months after diagnosis, he presented with mechanical pain in the right foot, so he attended a new medical appointment. Physical examination and a non-enhanced X-ray were performed, finding a lytic lesion in the medial cuneiform bone, which was later confirmed with computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The lytic lesion was excised, curetted and filled with calcium phosphate cement HydraSet (Stryker®). Immunohistochemical tests and anatomopathological study were performed on the excised tissue, evidencing positive CD68 and S100 protein staining and negative CD1a protein staining, as well as histiocyte proliferation. One year after surgery, the patient was asymptomatic and performed activities without any restriction.Conclusions: Even though HSLM is a rare disease, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lytic lesions in the bones, especially when there are lesions in other parts of the body
RESUMO
The currently recognized mechanisms of the biology of cancer are not yet enough to explain the high incidence of the disease in industrialized countries. Survival and proliferation of cancer cells demand a well-orchestrated combination of functional capabilities, or hallmarks, which requires complex signalling networks that often exceed the tumour boundaries. Based on latest research on environmental health and aiming to provide cancer with a coherent set of organizing principles, we propose an integrative model of carcinogenesis founded on tumour growth activation by the central nervous system as an adaptive, allostatic response to both environmental and emotional challenges. In this way, chronicity of physical as well as psychological stressors may be directly involved in cancer genesis and progression, after an early inflammatory stage. The model also contemplates accidental activation of the tumour growth programme following direct DNA damage, but as a rare event that does not account for most cancers in humans. Bodily and cellular mechanisms designed to facilitate tumorigenesis may include exacerbation of the sympathetic activity, overexpression of membrane ion channels, promotion of selected mutations and methylations, degradation of the mitochondria and reprogramming of adult stem cells.