Correlation between metabolic syndrome and periurethral prostatic fibrosis: results of a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Prostatic fibrosis, characterized by the accumulation of myofibroblasts and collagen deposition, is closely associated with LUTS and may lead to mechanical obstruction of the urethra. Additionally, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), characterized by central obesity, high blood sugar, lipid metabolism disorders, and hypertension, is increasingly recognized as a proinflammatory condition linked to prostate inflammation. METHODS: Clinical data from 108 subjects who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate or bipolar plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate were prospectively collected between June 2021 and August 2022. Patients were divided in two groups according to whether or not they had a diagnosis of MetS. Specimens were stained with Masson trichrome and the periurethral prostatic fibrosis extent was evaluated using quantitative morphometry. RESULTS: Forty-three patients (39.8%) were diagnosed with MetS. Patients with MetS showed a significantly greater extent of prostatic fibrosis than the others (68.1 ± 17.1% vs. 42.5 ± 18.2%, P < 0.001), and there was a positive correlation between the number of positive MetS parameters and the extent of prostatic fibrosis (R2 = 0.4436, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that central obesity (B = 2.941, 95% confidence interval, 1.700-3.283), elevated fasting glucose (B = 1.036, 95% confidence interval, 0.293-1.780), reduced HDL cholesterol (B = 0.910, 95% confidence interval, 0.183-1.636) and elevated triglycerides (B = 1.666, 95% confidence interval, 0.824-2.508) were positively correlated to prostatic fibrosis. Elevated blood pressure, however, was unrelated to prostatic fibrosis (B = 0.009, 95% confidence interval, -0.664-0.683). CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that prostatic fibrosis is positively correlated with MetS and its components including central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated triglycerides.

Comparative effectiveness of interventions for managing urological postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is a common postoperative bladder pain syndrome. Many drugs and interventions for managing CRBD have been studied, but their comparative effectiveness remains controversial. We made a study to assess the comparative effectiveness of interventions included Ketorolac, Lidocaine, Chlorpheniramine, Gabapentin, Magnesium, Nefopam, Oxycodone, Parecoxib, Solifenacin, Tolterodine, Bupivancaine, Dexmedetomidine, Hyoscine N-butyl bromide, Ketamine, Penile nerve block on urological postoperative CRBD. METHODS: We performed a network meta-analysis via Aggregate Data Drug Inormation System software included 18 studies with 1816 patients and assessed the risk of bias by Cochrane Collaboration tool. The incidence of moderate to severe CRBD at 0, 1, and 6 h after surgery and the incidence severe CRBD at 1 h after surgery were compared. RESULT: The number of best rank is 0.48(Nefopam) and 0.22(Nefopam) in the incidence of moderate to severe CRBD at 1 h and incidence severe CRBD at 1 h. More than half of studies at unclear or high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Nefopam reduced the incidence of CRBD and prevented severe events, but limited by the small number of studies for each intervention and heterogeneous patients.

Comparative RNA-sequencing analysis of the prostate in a mouse model of benign prostatic hyperplasia with bladder outlet obstruction.

In ageing men, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a chronic disease that leads to progressive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by obstruction of the bladder outlet (BOO). Patients with LUTS (such as increased frequency and urgency of urination) and complications of BOO (such as hydronephrosis and bladder stones) are at risk of serious health problems. BPH causes a rapidly rising burden of LUTS far exceeding that of other urological conditions. Treatment outcomes are unsatisfactory for BPH largely due to the lacking of fully understanding of the pathogenesis. Hormonal imbalances related to androgen and oestrogen can cause BPH, but the exact mechanism is still unknown, even the animal model is not fully understood. Additionally, there are no large-scale data to explain this mechanism. A BPH mouse model was established using mixed slow-release pellets of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2), and we measured gene expression in mouse prostate tissue using RNA-seq, verified the results using qRT‒PCR, and used bioinformatics methods to analyse the differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Isolation and characterization of CD105+/CD90+ subpopulation in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line.

BACKGROUND: The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) generates cells with properties of stem cells, if that happened, the stem cell should be with mesenchymal property. This study aimed to identify a group of cells with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics in breast cancer bone metastatic cell line MDA-MB-231, moreover, the relevance between breast cancer stem cells and the EMT was observed. CD105 and CD90, identified as the standards of MSCs, were used for the identification. METHODS: The CD105+/CD90+ and CD105-/CD90- subpopulation of MDA-MB-231 cells were detected and sorted by flow cytometry. MSC-like characteristics in cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle were investigated here by MTT asaay, transwell migration assay, and PI staining respectively. The expression profiles of some stem cell-associated genes were also observed by quantitative real time PCR. RESULTS: Around 0.99% and 90.77% of parental cells were identified as CD105+/CD90+ and CD105-/CD90- cell subpopulations respectively. The CD105+/CD90+ cells exhibited stronger migratory capacity as compared to parental and CD105-/CD90- cells, while less CD105+/CD90+ cells were arrested in the S phase. Besides, pluripotent stem cell factors, like Oct-4, Nanog, Klf4 and Sox-2, were all upregulated in CD105+/CD90+ cells, with also proliferation increase, as compared with other two populations. CONCLUSION: The CD105+/CD90+ subpopulation from breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells was proven to possess "mesenchymal stem cell-like" characteristics, and its high migratory ability might be associated with EMT. Moreover, using the surface markers of CD105 and CD90 for the identification of MSCs might provide new theoretical basis for the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer.

A novel cyclic pentapeptide, H-10, inhibits B16 cancer cell growth and induces cell apoptosis.

Sansalvamide A, a cyclic depsipeptide isolated from a marine fungus of the Fusarium genus, exhibits significant antitumor activity. In the present study, H-10 (molecular formula, C38H55N5O6; molecular weight, 677.8732), a novel sansalvamide A derivative, demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of murine melanoma B16 cells. It was confirmed that H-10 induced the apoptosis of the B16 cells. The inhibitory rate of various concentrations of H-10 on the B16 cells was measured by sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay, and the results revealed that the inhibitory effect of H-10 on the B16 cells occurred in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, a growth curve model of the B16 cells treated with 50 µM H-10 revealed that the effect of H-10 also occurred in a time-dependent manner. The apoptotic morphology of the B16 cells was observed using an optical microscope. Following the treatment of the cells with 50 µM H-10 for 24 h, the cell apoptosis rate was analyzed using flow cytometry. The expression levels of caspase-3, -8 and -9 were analyzed by western blot analysis, and the results indicated that H-10 may induce the apoptosis of B16 cells.