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Cutaneous mast cell tumors are rarely reported in cattle. Although mutations in the c-KIT gene have been shown to play a central role in the oncogenesis of canine mast cell tumors, few data are available in cattle. This report describes the clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic features of a multicentric cutaneous mast cell tumor in an adult cow. An 11-year-old Prim'Holstein cow was presented for a 5-month history of multiple skin nodules. Cytologic and histologic analyses of the nodules led to a diagnosis of mast cell tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis for KIT expression showed a moderate to strong signal in neoplastic mast cells with a cytoplasmic and membranous pattern. Sequencing of the c-KIT gene coding sequence revealed no mutation. Despite partial response after corticosteroid treatment, euthanasia was elected. No metastases to the lymph nodes, spleen, and liver were identified at post-mortem and histologic examinations.
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Doenças dos Bovinos , Doenças do Cão , Mastocitoma Cutâneo , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Feminino , Bovinos , Animais , Cães , Mastócitos/patologia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Mastocitoma Cutâneo/patologia , Mastocitoma Cutâneo/veterinária , Mutação , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/metabolismo , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologiaRESUMO
A 3-month-old female French Bulldog presented with hematuria, severe pollakiuria, and urinary incontinence lasting for 1.5 months. Broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were initiated by the referring veterinarian. Due to a lack of improvement, the dog was referred. At referral examination, urinary clinical signs persisted (hematuria, severe pollakiuria) and a firm bladder was noted. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed severe, diffuse bladder wall thickening with a significant reduction in the bladder lumen. Urinary tract endoscopy showed whitish exophytic proliferations throughout the entire bladder wall. Histological bladder wall analysis led to a diagnosis of bladder malakoplakia. Prolonged antibiotic therapy with fluoroquinolones was prescribed and resulted in clinical remission despite persistent bacteria in the bladder wall. This report describes a case of successfully medically managed bladder malakoplakia, a very rare condition in veterinary medicine, well documented in humans.
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Cistite , Doenças do Cão , Malacoplasia , Humanos , Cães , Feminino , Animais , Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico por imagem , Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Hematúria/tratamento farmacológico , Hematúria/patologia , Hematúria/veterinária , Malacoplasia/diagnóstico , Malacoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Malacoplasia/veterinária , Cistite/diagnóstico , Cistite/tratamento farmacológico , Cistite/veterinária , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/patologiaRESUMO
Case summary: A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 3-month history of weight loss, chronic diarrhoea and vomiting. Examination revealed a large proximal duodenal lesion eventually diagnosed as feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) associated with fungal filaments. Histological examination was performed following endoscopic biopsy. Direct examination and mycological culture of the duodenal biopsies revealed the presence of a siphomycetous fungus, which was further identified as Rhizopus microsporus. Treatment with prednisolone and ciclosporin for 3 months led to complete resolution of the clinical signs and marked improvement of the endoscopic lesions. Specific fungal treatment with amphotericin B was poorly tolerated. Relevance and novel information: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the characterisation of a siphomycetous fungus associated with FGESF lesions, and the first endoscopic description and diagnosis of FGESF without surgical biopsies. We hypothesise that the presence of R microsporus occurred because of disrupted mucosal integrity.
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This prospective case series investigated potential uterine causes of infertility in queens. Purebred queens with infertility (failure to conceive, embryonic death, or failure to maintain pregnancy and produce viable kittens), but no other reproductive disorders were examined approximately 1-8 weeks before mating (Visit 1), 21 days after mating (Visit 2), and 45 days after mating (Visit 3) if pregnant at Visit 2. Investigations included vaginal cytology and bacteriology, urine bacteriology, and ultrasonography. At Visit 2 or 3, uterine biopsy or ovariohysterectomy was performed for histology. Of nine eligible queens, seven were non-pregnant by ultrasound at Visit 2 and two had lost pregnancies by Visit 3. Ovulation was confirmed by serum progesterone concentration in all queens. Ultrasonic appearance of the ovaries and uterus was compatible with a healthy status except for one queen with signs of cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) and pyometra, a follicular cyst in another, and fetal resorptions in two queens. Six cats had histologic lesions of endometrial hyperplasia, including CEH (n=1). Only one cat had no histologic uterine lesions. Bacteria were cultured from vaginal samples in seven queens at Visit 1, (two were non-evaluable), and in five of seven queens sampled at Visit 2. Uterine cultures were negative except for the cat with pyometra. All urine cultures were negative. In summary, the most frequent pathology observed in these infertile queens was histologic endometrial hyperplasia, which can potentially inhibit embryo implantation and healthy placental development. This suggests that uterine disease might contribute substantially to infertility in purebred queens.
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Doenças do Gato , Hiperplasia Endometrial , Infertilidade , Piometra , Feminino , Animais , Gatos , Gravidez , Hiperplasia Endometrial/patologia , Hiperplasia Endometrial/veterinária , Piometra/patologia , Piometra/veterinária , Placenta/patologia , Útero/patologia , Infertilidade/patologia , Infertilidade/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Gato/patologiaRESUMO
Retroperitoneal paragangliomas are rare tumors of the neuroendocrine system. Only a few canine case reports are available with rare descriptions of their imaging features. The objectives of this multi-center, retrospective case series study were to describe the diagnostic imaging features of confirmed retroperitoneal paragangliomas and specify their location. Medical records and imaging studies of 10 affected dogs with cytological or histopathologic results concordant with retroperitoneal paragangliomas were evaluated. Dogs had a median age of 9 years. Four of them had clinical signs and laboratory reports compatible with excessive production of catecholamines. Six ultrasound, four CT, four radiographic, and one MRI studies were included. The paragangliomas did not have a specific location along the aorta. They were of various sizes (median 33 mm, range: 9-85 mm of length). Masses had heterogeneous parenchyma in six of 10 dogs, regardless of the imaging modality. Strong contrast enhancement was found in all CT studies. Encircling of at least one vessel was detected in six of 10 masses, clear invasion of a vessel was identified in one of 10 masses. In five of 10 cases, the masses were initially misconstrued as lymph nodes by the on-site radiologist. Retroperitoneal paragangliomas appear along the abdominal aorta, often presenting heterogeneous parenchyma, possibly affecting the local vasculature, and displaying strong contrast enhancement on CT. Clinical signs can be secondary to mass effects or excessive catecholamine production. Underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of this tumor are suspected as they can be silent, of small size, or confused with other structures.
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Doenças do Cão , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal , Paraganglioma , Animais , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Cães , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Paraganglioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Paraganglioma/veterinária , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/diagnóstico por imagem , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report clinical, surgical, and pathological findings in client-owned rabbits with histologically confirmed appendicitis. ANIMALS: 19 rabbits. PROCEDURES: Medical records for client-owned rabbits that had a histologic diagnosis of appendicitis were reviewed. RESULTS: Median age of the rabbits at presentation was 24.0 months (range, 4 to 84 months). Seventeen cases occurred during the summer and fall seasons. Decreased appetite (17/19 rabbits), abnormal rectal temperature (hyperthermia, 9/16 rabbits; hypothermia, 4/16 rabbits), hypocalcemia (8/11 rabbits), and hypoglycemia (7/15 rabbits) were common signs. Abdominal ultrasonography and CT findings were suggestive of appendicitis in 6 of 8 rabbits and in 1 of 2 rabbits, respectively. Of the 6 rabbits that received medical treatment, 3 died at 48 hours, 1 died at 24 hours after hospitalization, and 1 died at 10 days after presentation; 1 rabbit was alive at 1,030 days after presentation. Of the 8 rabbits that underwent appendectomy, 3 died before discharge from the hospital and 1 died 113 days after surgery; 4 rabbits were alive at 315, 334, 1,433, and 1,473 days after presentation. The remaining 5 rabbits either died or were euthanized before treatment could be instituted. In each of the 19 rabbits, the appendix had evidence of severe inflammation with mucosal ulceration, heterophilic inflammation, and necrotic debris. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For rabbits with decreased appetite and an apparently painful abdomen, hyperthermia, hypocalcemia, or hypoglycemia, appendicitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Further comparisons of medical and surgical treatments are required to establish treatment recommendations for rabbits with appendicitis.
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Apendicite , Apêndice , Hipotermia , Doença Aguda , Animais , Apendicectomia/veterinária , Apendicite/diagnóstico , Apendicite/cirurgia , Apendicite/veterinária , Apêndice/diagnóstico por imagem , Apêndice/patologia , Hipotermia/veterinária , Coelhos , Estudos Retrospectivos , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) is now largely recognized as a key preclinical model for cancer research, mimicking patient tumor phenotype and genotype. Immunodeficient mice, well-known to develop spontaneous lymphoma, are required for PDX growth. As for all animal models used for further clinical translation, a robust experimental design is strongly required to lead to conclusive results. Here we briefly report unintentional co-engraftment of mouse lymphoma during expansion of well-established PDXs to illustrate the importance of systematic check of the PDX identity to avoid misinterpretation. Besides, this quality control based on complementary approaches deserves a more detailed description in materials and methods section to ensure experimental validity and reproducibility.
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The canonical prolactin (PRL) Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 5 pathway has been suggested to contribute to human prostate tumorigenesis via an autocrine/paracrine mechanism. The probasin (Pb)-PRL transgenic mouse models this mechanism by overexpressing PRL specifically in the prostate epithelium leading to strong STAT5 activation in luminal cells. These mice exhibit hypertrophic prostates harboring various pre-neoplastic lesions that aggravate with age and accumulation of castration-resistant stem/progenitor cells. As STAT5 signaling is largely predominant over other classical PRL-triggered pathways in Pb-PRL prostates, we reasoned that Pb-Cre recombinase-driven genetic deletion of a floxed Stat5a/b locus should prevent prostate tumorigenesis in so-called Pb-PRLïSTAT5 mice. Anterior and dorsal prostate lobes displayed the highest Stat5a/b deletion efficiency with no overt compensatory activation of other PRLR signaling cascade at 6 months of age; hence the development of tumor hallmarks was markedly reduced. Stat5a/b deletion also reversed the accumulation of stem/progenitor cells, indicating that STAT5 signaling regulates prostate epithelial cell hierarchy. Interestingly, ERK1/2 and AKT, but not STAT3 and androgen signaling, emerged as escape mechanisms leading to delayed tumor development in aged Pb-PRLïSTAT5 mice. Unexpectedly, we found that Pb-PRL prostates spontaneously exhibited age-dependent decline of STAT5 signaling, also to the benefit of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling. As a consequence, both Pb-PRL and Pb-PRLïSTAT5 mice ultimately displayed similar pathological prostate phenotypes at 18 months of age. This preclinical study provides insight on STAT5-dependent mechanisms of PRL-induced prostate tumorigenesis and alternative pathways bypassing STAT5 signaling down-regulation upon prostate neoplasia progression.
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WS® 1541 is a phytopharmaceutical drug combination containing a lipophilic extract from fruits of Sabal serrulata (WS® 1473) and an aqueous ethanolic extract from roots of Urtica dioica (WS® 1031). It is approved in several countries worldwide for the treatment of lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS) linked to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this unique combination in the treatment of BPH-related LUTS. However, its mechanisms of action in vivo remain partly uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to take advantage of a validated mouse model of BPH to better characterize its growth-inhibitory and anti-inflammatory properties. We used the probasin-prolactin (Pb-PRL) transgenic mouse model in which prostate-specific overexpression of PRL results in several features of the human disease including tissue hypertrophy, epithelial hyperplasia, increased stromal cellularity, inflammation, and LUTS. Six-month-old heterozygous Pb-PRL male mice were randomly distributed to five groups (11-12 animals/group) orally treated for 28 consecutive days with WS® 1541 (300, 600, or 900 mg/kg/day), the 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride used as reference (5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (olive oil 5 ml/kg/day). Administration of WS® 1541 was well tolerated and caused a dose-dependent reduction of prostate weight (vs. vehicle) that was statistically significant at the two highest doses. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in prostate cell proliferation as assessed by lower Ki-67 expression (qPCR and immunohistochemistry). In contrast, finasteride had no or only a mild effect on these parameters. The growth-inhibitory activity of WS® 1541 was accompanied by a strong anti-inflammatory effect as evidenced by the reduced infiltration of cells expressing the leukocyte common antigen CD45. In sharp contrast, finasteride significantly increased the prostate inflammatory status according to this readout. Molecular profiling (qPCR) of 23 selected pro-inflammatory genes confirmed the strong anti-inflammatory potency of WS® 1541 compared to finasteride. Since treatment of WS® 1541 did not interfere with transgene expression and activity in the prostate of Pb-PRL mice, the effects observed in this study are entirely attributable to the intrinsic pharmacological action of the drug combination.
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A 6-y-old neutered male ferret ( Mustela putorius furo) was presented because of a 1-mo history of progressive weight loss, chronic cough, and hair loss. On clinical examination, the animal was coughing, slightly depressed, moderately hypothermic, and had bilateral epiphora. Thoracic radiography was suggestive of severe multinodular interstitial pneumonia. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and mesenteric and pancreaticoduodenal lymphadenopathy. Fine-needle aspiration of the pancreaticoduodenal lymph node, followed by routine Romanowsky and Ziehl-Neelsen stains, revealed numerous macrophages containing myriad acid-fast bacilli, leading to identification of mycobacteriosis. Autopsy and histologic examination confirmed the presence of disseminated, poorly defined, acid-fast, bacilli-rich granulomas in the pancreaticoduodenal and mesenteric lymph nodes, intestines, and lungs. Destaining of May-Grünwald/Giemsa-stained slides with alcohol, and then restaining with Ziehl-Neelsen, revealed acid-fast rods and avoided repeat tissue sampling without affecting the Ziehl-Neelsen stain quality and cytologic features. Tissue samples were submitted for a PCR assay targeting the heat shock protein gene ( hsp65) and revealed 100% homology with Mycobacterium genavense. We emphasize the use of special stains and PCR for identification of this potential zoonotic agent.
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Furões , Infecções por Mycobacterium/veterinária , Mycobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Biópsia por Agulha Fina/veterinária , Linfonodos/microbiologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Masculino , Infecções por Mycobacterium/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycobacterium/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Coloração e Rotulagem/veterináriaRESUMO
Objectives Radioiodine (131I) dose determination using radiotracer kinetic studies or scoring systems, and fixed relatively high 131I dose (ie, 4 or 5 mCi) administration, are effective and associated with prolonged survival times for hyperthyroid cats. The latter method is less complicated but could expose patients and veterinary personnel to unnecessary levels of radiation. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of a fixed 3.35 mCi 131I dose for the treatment of 96 hyperthyroid cats with no length estimation for any palpated goitre ⩾20 mm, assess outcome and identify factors associated with survival. Methods Serum total thyroxine concentrations at diagnosis and at follow-up times, survival times and cause of death were recorded. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with time to any cause of death from 131I therapy initiation. Results Administration of a median (interquartile range) dose of 3.35 mCi (3.27-3.44 mCi) radioiodine was an effective treatment in 94/96 cats, but two cats remained hyperthyroid. No death related to hyperthyroidism was recorded. Median survival time was 3.0 years; the 1 and 2 year survival rates after 131I therapy were 90% and 78%, respectively. Low body weight (⩽3.1 kg; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 5.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.22-16.67; P <0.01) and male gender (aHR 2.63; 95% CI 1.01-7.14; P = 0.04) were independently associated with death, whereas age, prior treatment with antithyroid drugs, reason for treatment and pretreatment azotaemia were not. Conclusions and relevance This study suggests that a fixed 3.35 mCi 131I dose treatment is effective for hyperthyroid cats with goitre(s) with a maximal length estimation <20 mm, that long-term survival can be achieved and that low body weight and male gender are significantly associated with shorter survival times.
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Antitireóideos/uso terapêutico , Doenças do Gato/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertireoidismo/veterinária , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Animais , Gatos , Cálculos da Dosagem de Medicamento , Feminino , Hipertireoidismo/tratamento farmacológico , Cinética , Masculino , Análise de Regressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Genetically engineered mouse models offer essential opportunities to investigate the mechanisms of initiation and progression in melanoma. Here, we report a new simplified histopathology classification of mouse melanocytic lesions in Tyr::NRASQ61K derived models, using an interactive decision tree that produces homogeneous categories. Reproducibility for this classification system was evaluated on a panel of representative cases of murine melanocytic lesions by pathologists and basic scientists. Reproducibility, measured as inter-rater agreement between evaluators using a modified Fleiss' kappa statistic, revealed a very good agreement between observers. Should this new simplified classification be adopted, it would create a robust system of communication between researchers in the field of mouse melanoma models.
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Melanoma , Proteínas Monoméricas de Ligação ao GTP , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Animais , Melanoma/classificação , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/metabolismo , Melanoma/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Proteínas Monoméricas de Ligação ao GTP/genética , Proteínas Monoméricas de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This case report describes for the first time a bone haemophilic pseudotumour in a dog. CASE DESCRIPTION: A seven-month-old German Shepherd male dog was presented with the complaint of a forelimb weight-bearing lameness with major swelling that expanded dramatically after fine needle aspiration. Radiographs showed a large, well-defined ulnar diaphyseal cystic-like osteolytic lesion. Based on prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and low factor VIII activity, haemophilia A was diagnosed. Bone scintigraphy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and histological findings definitely ruled out malignant neoplasia or inflammation and strongly supported a bone haemophilic pseudotumour over an aneurysmal bone cyst. Segmental ulnar resectionâ and replacement by a polymethylmethacrylate spacer combined with perioperative bleeding management resulted in a successful outcome. DISCUSSION: This case provided evidence that a bone haemophilic pseudotumour may be the sole presenting clinical sign of haemophilia A in dogs. Early diagnosis, based on history and magnetic resonance imaging findings, is imperative for prompt treatment leading to successful outcome. It is challenging as fine needle aspiration or biopsy is contraindicated. As described in humans, surgical excision of the lesion combined with management of severe postoperative bleeding was associated with successful outcome in the present case. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A bone haemophilic pseudotumour should be considered in the differential diagnosis of expanding mass associated with osteolysis, especially in young male dogs. Perioperative monitoring of the bleeding disorder and subsequent FVIII replacement therapy was of paramount importance in the present case.
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Doenças Ósseas/veterinária , Hemofilia A/veterinária , Ulna , Animais , Doenças Ósseas/diagnóstico , Doenças Ósseas/cirurgia , Cães , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/cirurgia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Active surveillance has emerged as an alternative to immediate treatment for men with low-risk prostate cancer. Accordingly, identification of environmental factors that facilitate progression to more aggressive stages is critical for disease prevention. Although calcium-enriched diets have been speculated to increase prostate cancer risk, their impact on early-stage tumors remains unexplored. In this study, we addressed this issue with a large interventional animal study. Mouse models of fully penetrant and slowly evolving prostate tumorigenesis showed that a high calcium diet dramatically accelerated the progression of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, by promoting cell proliferation, micro-invasion, tissue inflammation, and expression of acknowledged prostate cancer markers. Strikingly, dietary vitamin D prevented these calcium-triggered tumorigenic effects. Expression profiling and in vitro mechanistic studies showed that stimulation of PC-3 cells with extracellular Ca2+ resulted in an increase in cell proliferation rate, store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) amplitude, cationic channel TRPC6, and calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) expression. Notably, administration of the active vitamin D metabolite calcitriol reversed all these effects. Silencing CaSR or TRPC6 expression in calcium-stimulated PC3 cells decreased cell proliferation and SOCE. Overall, our results demonstrate the protective effects of vitamin D supplementation in blocking the progression of early-stage prostate lesions induced by a calcium-rich diet. Cancer Res; 77(2); 355-65. ©2016 AACR.
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Cálcio/toxicidade , Colecalciferol/farmacologia , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Receptores de Detecção de Cálcio/metabolismo , Canais de Cátion TRPC/metabolismo , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Suplementos Nutricionais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Canal de Cátion TRPC6 , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
The role of the Pax3 gene in embryonic development of pigment cells is well characterized. By contrast, the function of Pax3 in melanoma development is controversial. Indeed, data obtained from cultured cells suggest that PAX3 may contribute to melanomagenesis. PAX3 is found to be overexpressed in melanomas and also in nevi compared with normal skin samples. Pax3 homozygous loss of function is embryonic lethal. To assess the role of Pax3 in melanoma development in vivo, we analyzed Pax3 haploinsufficiency in a mouse model of melanoma predisposition. The Pax3(GFP/+) knock-in reporter system was combined with the Tyr::NRAS(Q61K); Cdkn2a(-/-) mouse melanoma model. Melanoma development was followed over 18 months. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses of lesions at different stages of melanoma progression were carried out. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting on GFP of cells from primary or metastatic melanoma was followed by ex-vivo transformation tests and in-vivo passaging. We report here that Tyr::NRAS(Q61K); Cdkn2a(-/-); Pax3(GFP/+) mice developed metastasizing melanoma as their Tyr::NRAS(Q61K); Cdkn2a(-/-); littermates. Histopathology showed no differences between the two genotypes, although Pax3 mRNA and PAX3 protein levels in Pax3(GFP/+) lesions were reduced by half. The Pax3(GFP) allele proved to be a convenient marker to identify and directly sort heterogeneous populations of melanoma cells within the tumor bulk at each stage of melanoma progression. This new mouse model represents an accurate and reproducible means for identifying melanoma cells in vivo to study the mechanisms of melanoma development.
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Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Haploinsuficiência/fisiologia , Melanoma/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Box Pareados/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Alelos , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Animais , Separação Celular , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Genes Reporter , Genes p16 , Genes ras , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/genética , Melanoma/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/genética , Fator de Transcrição PAX3 , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaAssuntos
Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/deficiência , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/genética , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Melanócitos/patologia , Mutação/genética , Proteínas ras/genética , Animais , Melanoma/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
An adult female African collared dove (Streptopelia roseogrisea) was presented for examination of a mass on the medial surface of the left wing. The mass had been present for 2 months but had grown rapidly over the previous 2 weeks. One week after presentation, the mass was surgically excised and the involved alular bone was removed. Results of histologic examination of the mass were consistent with an aneurysmal bone cyst. No underlying factor could be found in this case. The wound healing was uneventful, and no mass recurrence was observed during the following year. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a columbiform bird.
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Doenças das Aves/patologia , Cistos Ósseos Aneurismáticos/veterinária , Columbidae , Animais , Doenças das Aves/cirurgia , Cistos Ósseos Aneurismáticos/patologia , Cistos Ósseos Aneurismáticos/cirurgia , Feminino , Asas de AnimaisRESUMO
The paired box gene 3 (Pax3) is expressed during pigment cell development. We tested whether the targeted allele Pax3(GFP) can be used as a reporter gene for pigment cells in the mouse. We found that enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) can be seen readily in every melanoblast and melanocyte in the epidermis and hair follicles of Pax3(GFP/+) heterozygotes. The GFP was detected at all differentiation stages, including melanocyte stem cells. In the dermis, Schwann cells and nestin-positive cells of the piloneural collars resembling the nestin-positive hair follicle multipotent stem cells exhibited a weaker GFP signal. Pigment cells could be purified by fluorescent activated cell sorting and grown in vitro without feeder cells, giving pure cultures of melanocytes. The Schwann cells and nestin-positive cells of the piloneural collars were FACS-isolated based on their weak expression of GFP. Thus Pax3(GFP) can discriminate distinct populations of cells in the skin.
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Linhagem da Célula , Genes Reporter/genética , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/metabolismo , Melanócitos/citologia , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Box Pareados/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Alelos , Animais , Dendritos/metabolismo , Derme/citologia , Derme/metabolismo , Embrião de Mamíferos/metabolismo , Citometria de Fluxo , Folículo Piloso/citologia , Folículo Piloso/metabolismo , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Nestina , Crista Neural/citologia , Crista Neural/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição PAX3 , Pigmentação , Células de Schwann/citologia , Células de Schwann/metabolismo , Pele/citologia , Suspensões , beta-Galactosidase/metabolismoRESUMO
The cases of 7 adult dogs with generalized seizures managed by surgical excision and radiation therapy for frontal lobe meningiomas were reviewed. The neurological examination was unremarkable in 6 of the 7 dogs. Five dogs were operated on using a bilateral transfrontal sinus approach and 2 using a unilateral sinotemporal approach to the frontal lobe. One dog was euthanized 14 d after surgery; radiation therapy was initiated 3 wk after surgery in the remaining 6 dogs. Long-term follow-up consisted of neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) scan after radiation therapy. The mean survival time for dogs that had surgery and radiation therapy was 18 mo after surgery. Frontal lobe meningiomas have been associated with poor prognosis. However, the surgical approaches used in these cases, combined with radiation therapy, allow a survival rate for frontal lobe meningiomas similar to that for meningiomas located over the cerebral convexities.
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Doenças do Cão/radioterapia , Doenças do Cão/cirurgia , Lobo Frontal , Neoplasias Meníngeas/veterinária , Meningioma/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Lobo Frontal/efeitos da radiação , Lobo Frontal/cirurgia , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirurgia , Meningioma/radioterapia , Meningioma/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/veterinária , Prognóstico , Convulsões/etiologia , Convulsões/radioterapia , Convulsões/cirurgia , Convulsões/veterinária , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This case describes a subcutaneous soft tissue tumour in a German Shepherd dog. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by proliferating ovoid cells, loosely arranged in a collagenous to myxoid stroma, and by numerous pseudoglandular structures lined by neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were labelled with vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 antibodies, but not with cytokeratin, desmin and smooth muscle actin antibodies. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells were characterized by numerous mitochondria surrounded by endoplasmic reticulum and contained few secondary lysosomes. This tumour was diagnosed as a subcutaneous peripheral nerve sheath tumour (PNST) with pseudoglandular architecture. This case illustrates the morphological diversity of PNST and provides new insight into the differential diagnosis of cutaneous tumours of similar morphology in the dog.